This is a list of Swedish scientists.

Archaeology

  • Lili Kaelas (1919–2007), Stone and Bronze Age archaeologist

Biology and environmental science

  • Albertina Carlsson (1848–1930), zoologist
  • Augusta Christie-Linde (1870–1953), zoologist
  • Jonas C. Dryander (1748–1810), botanist
  • Eva Ekeblad (1724–1786), agronomist
  • Erik Leonard Ekman (1883–1931), botanist
  • Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), botanist
  • AnnMari Jansson (1934–2007), systems ecologist
  • Pehr Kalm (1716–1779), botanist
  • Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778), botanist, "father of taxonomy"
  • René Malaise (1892–1978), entomologist
  • Lisbeth Olsson (born 1963), professor in industrial biotechnology
  • Johan Rockström (born 1965), professor in environmental science and executive director of the Stockholm Resilience Centre
  • Olaus Rudbeckius, junior (1660–1740), botanist
  • Daniel Solander (1733–1782), botanist
  • Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754–1803), naturalist

Chemistry

  • Johan August Arfwedson (1792–1841), chemist
  • Svante Arrhenius (1859–1927), chemist and physicist
  • Karin Aurivillius (1920–1982), chemist and crystallographer
  • Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848), chemist
  • Lars Ernster (1920–1998), biochemistry, member of the board of the Nobel Foundation
  • Christina Lampe-Önnerud (born 1967), chemist
  • Bengt Mannervik (born 1943), biochemist
  • Alfred Nobel (1833–1896), chemist and founder of the Nobel Prizes
  • Gösta Pettersson (born 1937), biochemist
  • Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742–1786), chemist
  • Theodor Svedberg (1884–1971), chemist

Computer science and numerical analysis

  • Björn Engquist (born 1945), numerical analysis
  • Johan Håstad (born 1960), theoretical computer science
  • Laila Ohlgren (1937–2014), telecommunications

Engineering

  • Nils Alwall (1904–86), inventor and engineer
  • Arne Asplund (1903–1993), inventor and engineer
  • Karl Johan Åström (born 1934), engineer, control theorist
  • Nils Bohlin (1920–2002), inventor and engineer
  • Marianne Kärrholm (1921–2018), chemical engineer and professor
  • Ingrid Bruce (1940–2012), engineer and trade unionist
  • Gustaf Dalén (1869–1937), inventor and engineer
  • Rune Elmqvist (1906–1996), inventor and engineer
  • John Ericsson (1803–1889), inventor and engineer
  • Lars Magnus Ericsson (1846–1926), inventor and engineer
  • Carl Edvard Johansson (1864–1943), inventor and engineer
  • Johan Petter Johansson (1864–1943), inventor and engineer
  • Håkan Lans (born 1947), inventor and engineer
  • Gustaf de Laval (1845–1913), inventor and engineer
  • Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist (1862–1931), inventor and engineer
  • Mats Lindroos (1961–2025), physicist
  • Carl Rickard Nyberg (1858–1939), inventor and engineer
  • Gustaf Erik Pasch (1788–1862), inventor and engineer
  • Baltzar von Platen (1898–1984), inventor and engineer
  • Erik Wallenberg (1915–1999), inventor and engineer
  • Waloddi Weibull (1887–1979), material scientist
  • Jonas Wenström (1855–1893), inventor and engineer
  • Sven Wingquist (1876–1953), inventor and engineer
  • Lars Bern (born 1942), engineer

Geology and geography

  • Arne Bjerhammar (1917–2011), geodesy
  • Torsten Hägerstrand (1916–2004), geography
  • Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld (1832–1901), geology, Arctic explorer
  • Otto Nordenskiöld (1869–1928), geology, explorer

Mathematics

  • Albert Victor Bäcklund (1845–1922)
  • Arne Beurling (1905–1986), analysis
  • Lennart Carleson (born 1928), analysis
  • Per Enflo (born 1944), analysis
  • Sture Eskilsson (1930–2016), economist
  • Erik Ivar Fredholm (1866–1927), analysis
  • Olle Häggström (born 1967), mathematical statistics
  • Lars Hörmander (1931–2012), analysis
  • Helge von Koch (1870–1924), analysis
  • Sonja Kovalevskaya (1850–1891), analysis, partial differential equations
  • Anders Martin-Löf (born 1940), analysis and mathematical physics
  • Per Martin-Löf (born 1942), logic, statistics, and computer science
  • Gösta Mittag-Leffler (1846–1927), analysis

Medicine

  • Arvid Carlsson (1923–2018), neuroscientist
  • Ulf von Euler (1905–1983), physiologist and pharmacologist
  • Björn Folkow (1921–2012), physiologist
  • Allvar Gullstrand (1862–1930), medicine
  • Olaus Rudbeckius (1630–1702), medicine
  • Ellen Sandelin (1862–1907) practicing physician in Stockholm, who received her medical license in 1897
  • Emily Spörck (1825–1904), early woman doctor of medicine, graduated as a physician in Chicago in 1873
  • Stina Stenhagen (1916–1973), medical biochemist
  • Hugo Theorell (1903–1982), medicine
  • Charlotte Yhlen (1839–1920), early woman doctor of medicine, graduated as a physician in Pennsylvania in 1873

Physics and astronomy

  • Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995), physicist
  • Anders Jonas Ångström (1814–1874), physicist
  • Oskar Backlund (1846–1916), astronomer
  • Anders Celsius (1701–1744), astronomer
  • Bengt Edlén (1906–1993), physicist
  • Carl David Anderson (1905 - 1991), physicist
  • V. Walfrid Ekman (1874–1954), physical oceanographer
  • Oskar Klein (1894–1977), physicist
  • Per-Olov Löwdin (1916–2000), physicist
  • Knut Lundmark (1889–1958), astronomer
  • Lise Meitner (1878–1968), nuclear physicist
  • Christopher Polhem (1661–1751), physicist
  • Carl-Gustaf Rossby (1898–1957), meteorologist
  • Janne Rydberg (1854–1919), physicist
  • Manne Siegbahn (1886–1978), physicist
  • Kai Siegbahn (1918–2007), physicist
  • Rolf Maximilian Sievert (1896–1966), medical physicist
  • Karin Öberg (born 1982), astrochemist

Social sciences

  • Pär-Erik Back (1920–1988), social scientist
  • Alvar Ellegård (1919–2008), linguistics, confessional beliefs
  • Phebe Fjellström (1924–2007), ethnologist
  • Orvar Löfgren (born 1943), ethnologist
  • Margareta Wahlström (born 1950), senior UN official

Statistics and data science

  • Harald Cramér (1893–1985), mathematical statistics
  • Ulf Grenander (1923–2016), stochastic processes and pattern recognition
  • Karl Gustav Jöreskog (born 1935), multivariate analysis
  • Olav Kallenberg (born 1939), probability
  • Gunnar Kulldorff (1927–2015), estimation and survey sampling
  • Herman Wold (1908–1992), econometrics and time series analysis

See also

  • List of Swedes
  • Lists of scientists
  • Nobel Prize
  • Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences