This list includes the Roman names of countries, or significant regions, known to the Roman Empire.
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Latin Name !! English name
|-
| Achaea || Greece
|-
| Africa || Tunisia
|-
| Aegyptus || Egypt
|-
| Aethiopia || Sub-Saharan Africa
|-
| Albania || Georgia, Azerbaijan
|-
| Anatolia
|| Turkey (East)
|-
| Anglia || England
|-
| Arabia || Brittany
|-
| Asia || Turkey (West)
|-
| Baetica || Andalusia
|-
| Batavia || Part of the Netherlands
|-
| Belgae || Montenegro
|-
| Dania || Denmark
|-
| Dalmatia || Croatia (South), Bosnia and Herzegovina (West and South)
|-
| D(i)ocle(ti)a || Montenegro
|-
| Dumnonia || Devon
|-
| Epirus || Epirus: composed of the Albanian South and Greek Epirus
|-
| Foenicia or Phoenicia || Lebanon
|-
| Formosa || Taiwan
|-
| Galatia || Turkey (Central)
|-
| Gallaecia || Galicia and Portugal (North)
|-
| Gallia || Germany
|-
| Graecia
|| Switzerland
|-
| Hibernia || Ireland
|-
| Hispania