Lagos de Moreno () is a city and municipality in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. Lagos is located in the region of Los Altos de Jalisco, within the macroregion of the Bajío. Lagos de Moreno is occasionally known as the "Athens of Jalisco", owing to the numerous writers and poets who were born there.
Lagos de Moreno was founded as Villa Santa Maria de los Lagos on March 31, 1563, by Don Hernando Martel, an Andalusian conquistador. The town was the economic and cultural center of a region that eventually attracted many ranchers. By 1600 there were over 20,000 cattle in the region. Santa Maria continued growing both physically and culturally, and by the 1800s, the town was elevated to a city and renamed to Lagos de Moreno in honor of Pedro Moreno. Lagos de Moreno was the site of the signing of several important political documents, the two identically named but unrelated Convenios de Lagos. The arts flourished in the city during the latter half of the 19th century, but this literary boom decreased somewhat after the Mexican Revolution, especially during the 1940s. Recently, Lagos de Moreno has become an important cultural and tourist destination thanks to its rich history and architecture, some of which still stands from the 17th century.
As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 111,569, making it the 6th largest city in the state of Jalisco. The municipality had a population of 172,403 in 2020. It includes many other outlying small communities, the largest of which are Paso de Cuarenta (San Miguel de Cuarenta) and Los Azulitos.
Etymology
The conquistador Hernando Martel gave Lagos de Moreno its original name, Villa de Santa Maria de los Lagos (Town of Saint Mary of the Lakes). The town's name was derived from Saint Mary, the townspeople's chosen patron saint, and the numerous lakes that used to be scattered across the valley. The town was renamed on April 9, 1829, as Lagos de Moreno in honor of Mexican independence hero Pedro Moreno, who was born in the city.
History
Pre-hispanic era
The origins of Lagos de Moreno date to its founding as Pechichitlán or Teziziatlan by Ahnuvic VII in about 1028 BCE. Then the city served as a capital for the Chichimecatlalli fiefdom.
Colonial era
After the fall of the Aztec Empire, explorers set out to explore the western frontier in the Bajio Region. The Spanish expansion in Nueva Galicia was slowed down by several tribes in the vicinity, such as the semi-nomadic Chichimecas and the Guachichiles. To the east of Pechititan, the Guamares inhabited the Guanajuato area, and to the west, the Zacatecos lived. The Zacateco caudillos (chiefs), Xiconaqui and Custique, along with the Chichimecas, struck down multiple Spanish invasions from 1550 to 1590 in the well-known Chichimeca War.
However, encomenderos gradually occupied the Bajio. The first Spaniard to build a hacienda in the Laguense valley was Don Diego de Ibarra. Even so, in 1551, a group of Chichimecas attacked his ranch (La Sauceda and San Antonio) and killed all his animals. The constant raids in the area made, for the time being, made settlement of the Lagos region impossible.
In 1963, Lagos de Moreno celebrated the 400th anniversary of its founding. In recent times, the city has received several important titles. It has been named an Area of Historical Monuments by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) in 1989, a World Heritage Site on the Camino Real "Tierra Adentro" by UNESCO on August 1, 2010, and "Pueblo Mágico" by SECTUR on November 16, 2012. Temperatures are generally similar for any given month, but daily high and low fluctuations can be very sharp in the winter due in part to the city's altitude and its uneven surroundings. Winters are mild with an average maximum temperature of in January although nighttime temperatures are often cold, with an average minimum temperature of .
|source 2 = Colegio de Postgraduados (sun and humidity 1951–1980)
|date=July 2012
</div>
Topography
thumb|315x315px|A view of the Mesa Redonda from the nearby highway. Mesa Redonda was the site of a [[Cristero War battle.]]Lagos de Moreno is situated 1,942 meters (6,371 feet) above mean sea level. Lagos is located in the region of Los Altos de Jalisco, within the macroregion of the Bajío, one of the most highly developed areas in Latin America. The city's vicinity is quite mountainous and hilly, with the nearby Mesa Redonda being a particularly notable formation.
Flora and fauna
The nearby Mesa Redonda is home to many unique species of flora. There, two species of cactus endemic only to Jalisco flourish, with one of these species only being endemic to the Mesa Redonda, particularly its very steep slopes, protecting it from predators.
Many animals call the Lagos valley home, with fauna including hares, rabbits, deers, and boars. Residents of nearby ranches have commented on the presence of coyotes and snakes in rural areas. Areas like the Mesa Redonda have been utilized by locals to gather vegetables straight from nature, particularly prickly pear cacti. The municipality has a slightly higher female population, with 88,426 females compared to 83,977 males.
|1563-1567
|Ordinary mayor
|Founder
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Luis López
|1567-1569
|Ordinary mayor
|Founder
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Pedro de Villafaña
|1569-1580
|Ordinary mayor
|Founder
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lope Sánchez de Uréchiga
|1580-1609
|Ordinary mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lorenzo de Padilla Dávila
|1609-1611
|Ordinary mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Fernando de Villegas Jara
|1611-1616
|Ordinary mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan de Arredondo y Bracamontes
|1616-1624
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Pedro de Aranda
|1624-1650
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Antonio de Villegas Jara
|1650-1651
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Joseph González
|1651
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Antonio de Esquivel y Vargas
|1653
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Antonio Ximénez de Castro
|1659
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Juan de Alarcón Faxardo
|1662
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Diego González de la Torre
|1663
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Diego Flores de la Torre
|1672
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Francisco de Villaviciosa
|1679
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Juan Rincón Gallardo
|1688
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Felipe de Otadui y Avendaño
|1692
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Fernando Hurtado de Mendoza
|1694
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Captain Jerónimo Antonio Chacón
|1707
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Sebastián de Manzano
|1727
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan Pérez Franco y Hermosillo
|1736
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Miguel Jerónimo del Villar
|1737
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Bernabé Felipe de Torres Ortega
|1738
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Carlos de San Gil y Ram.
|1758
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Francisco Javier de Arriola
|1775
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan de Anaya
|1778
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Diego Romero de Chávez
|1790
|Senior mayor
|Main character in the book El Alcalde de Lagos y otras consejas (The Mayor of Lagos and other stories), by Alfonso de Alba Martín (1957)
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Alonso de Ceballos y Villagutierre
|1794
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan José de Echarte
|1808–1810
|Military commander
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José María Sanromán
|1809
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Buenaventura Anaya
|1810
|Senior mayor
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Rafael Flores
|1811–1814
|Military commander
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Hermenegildo Rebuelta
|1814–1821
|Military commander
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Quirino Sanromán
|1821–1824
|Military commander
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan Crescencio Hermosillo
|1843
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Bruno Rey
|1857
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan García Rebollo
|1858
|Prefect
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Prudencio Topete
|1860
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan Zermeño
|1863
|Prefect, conservative
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Bernardo Olivero
|1866
|Prefect, conservative
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Albino Aranda
|1868
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Antonio Barajas
|1876
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan Alatorre
|1873
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Camilo Anaya
|1874
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José María Sanromán
|1875
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Pedro Vega
|1880
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José Ignacio Torres
|1881
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Andrés Michel
|1883
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Colonel Francisco de Paula Méndez
|1887
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José de Urrea
|1888
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Abraham Arróniz
|1890
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|M. Morelos
|1891
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Abraham Arróniz
|1892
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lt. Col. Ignacio Montenegro
|1895
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José María Arce
|1897
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lt. Col. Jesús L. Patiño
|1898
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José María Gutiérrez
|1900
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Mayor Rosendo Híjar y Haro
|1901
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Margarito González Rubio
|1903
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Jesús Gómez Portugal
|1909
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lorenzo I. Calderón
|1911
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Alberto Macedo
|1913
|Political chief
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Lt. Col. Ismael Hurtado
|1914
|Political chief
|
|}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
|width=190px|Municipal president
|width=90px|Term
|width=90x|Party
|width=190px|Notes
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Juan Zúñiga
|1916
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Benjamín E. Mora
|1917
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Pedro Pons
|1918
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Leonardo Larios Paz
|1919
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Ramón Vázquez
|1920
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|José Vega González
|1921
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Francisco Montoya
|1923
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Luciano Castañeda
|1925
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Fernando Zermeño
|1926
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Ricardo Anaya
|1927
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Miguel Gómez Portugal
|1928
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Ramón E. Rivera
|1929
|PNR 22px|link=Partido Nacional Revolucionario
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Jesús Pérez
|1934
|PNR 22px|link=Partido Nacional Revolucionario
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Carlos A. Cuervo
|1935
|PNR 22px|link=Partido Nacional Revolucionario
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Jacobo Lomelín
|1935
|PNR 22px|link=Partido Nacional Revolucionario
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Francisco Carrera
|1936
|PNR 22px|link=Partido Nacional Revolucionario
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Miguel Araujo Soto
|1938
|PRM 22px|link=Partido de la Revolución Mexicana
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Salvador J. Camarena
|1943
|PRM 22px|link=Partido de la Revolución Mexicana
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Luis Nungaray Garza
|1944
|PRM 22px|link=Partido de la Revolución Mexicana
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Alfonso Márquez
|1945
|PRM 22px|link=Partido de la Revolución Mexicana
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Ignacio Cedillo
|1946
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|José María Padilla
|1947
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Abraham Vega
|1948
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Manuel Vega
|1950
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Enrique Núñez Ortiz
|1953
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Alfonso Escobar
|1954
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Francisco Carrera Hernández
|1956
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Enrique Núñez Ortiz
|1953
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Roberto Moreno
|1958
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|José Gutiérrez Zermeño
|1959
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Abraham Vega Padilla
|1960
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Juan José Gómez
|1961
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Juan Anaya Gómez
|01-01-1962–31-12-1964
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Carlos González Gómez
|1965
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|José A. Villagrán
|1966
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Rubén Martín Urzúa
|1967
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Jesús Delgado Pérez
|01-01-1968–31-12-1970
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Manuel Flores Tostado
|01-01-1971–31-12-1973
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Jorge Sanromán Quiñones
|01-01-1974–31-12-1976
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Alfredo Gallardo Fregoso
|01-01-1977–31-12-1979
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Teodoro Esparza Rojo
|1980–1982
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ff69b4"
|Víctor Atilano Gómez
|1983–1985
|PDM 21px
|
|- style="background:#ff69b4"
|Tranquilino Martín
|1985
|PDM 21px
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|J. Trinidad Velázquez Torres
|1986
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Sergio Esparza
|1987
|
|
|- style="background:#ffffff"
|Emigdio Rico Santana
|1988
|
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Ignacio Padilla Hernández
|1989–1992
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Benjamín Gazcón Torres
|1992–1995
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|Víctor Manuel Larios Muñoz
|1995–1997
|PAN 20px
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Francisco Javier Pérez Romero
|01-01-1998–31-12-2000
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party
|
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|Francisco Rafael Torres Marmolejo
|01-01-2001–2003
|PAN 20px
|
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|Saúl González Fuentes
|01-01-2004–31-12-2006
|PAN 20px
|
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|Francisco Rafael Torres Marmolejo
|01-01-2007–31-12-2009
|PAN 20px
|
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|José Brizuela López
|01-01-2010–30-09-2012
|PRI 21px|link=Institutional Revolutionary Party<br> Panal 20px
|Coalition "Alliance for Jalisco"
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Hugo René Ruiz Esparza Hermosillo
|01-10-2012–30-09-2015
|PRI 22px<br> PVEM 21px
|Coalition "Compromise for Jalisco"
|- style="background:#ffe1e1"
|Juan Alberto Márquez de Anda
|01-10-2015–30-09-2018
|PRI 22px<br> PVEM 21px
|
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|Tecutli José Guadalupe Gómez Villalobos
|01-10-2018–02-03-2021
|PAN 22px<br> PRD 20px<br> MC 22px
|Applied for a leave to run for reelection, which he got
|- style="background:#ddeef6"
|José Ignacio Ángel Cervantes
|02-03-2021–30-09-2021
|PAN 22px<br> PRD 20px<br> MC 22px
|Acting municipal president
|- style="background:#ffd2b3"
|Tecutli José Guadalupe Gómez Villalobos
|01-10-2021–30-09-2024
|MC 22px
|Was reelected on 06-06-2021
|- style="background:#ffd2b3"
|Édgar Alfredo González Chávez
|01-10-2024–
|MC 22px
|
|}
Gallery
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="150px" perrow="2">
File:BIBLIOTECA PUBLICA REGIONAL "MARIA SOINE DE HELGUERA" DE LAGOS DE MORENO,JALISCO. MEXICO..jpg|Maria Soine de Helguerra Regional Public Library
File:OTRA VISTA DE LA PARROQUIA DE LA ASUNCION DE LA V. MARIA. EDIFICADA EN EL S. XVIII. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO.jpg|Parroquia Nuestra Señora de la Asunción
File:Parroquia de la Luz (Ocaso).jpg|N. Sra. de la Luz Church at sunset
File:PALACIO MUNICIPAL, INICIO DE CONSTRUCCION EN 1905 Y CONCLUIDO CON DOS PLANTAS EN LAS DECADAS DE LOS 40¨S SIGLO XX. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO..jpg|The Municipal Palace of Lagos de Moreno
File:Ex-Real Convento de San José de Gracia de Pobres Capuchinas Siglo XVIII Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco. México.jpg|San José de Gracia de Pobres Capuchinas Convent
File:TEATRO "JOSE ROSAS MORENO" Estilo Neoclasico de Art Nouveau. Inaugurado 05 de mayo del 1907. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO..jpg|José Rosas Moreno Theatre
File:El Calvario - Lagos de Moreno.jpg|The Temple of Calvario
File:La Mesa redonda desde la autopista 01.jpg|La Mesa Redonda
File:TEMPLO DE LA MERCED. Construído del 1686-1756.LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO.jpg|La Merced Temple
File:Templo de comanja paisaje.jpg|Comanja Temple
File:ESCUELA DE ARTES Y OFICIOS "MIGUEL LEANDRO GUERRA" LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO. Edificio neoclasico remodelado en el siglo XIX para escuela de niños. del Liceo Padre Guerra y restaurado para.jpg|Miguel Leandro Guerra School of Arts and Trades
File:FRENTE DE LA PARROQUIA DE NTRA. SRA. DE LA LUZ. ELEGANTE NEOCLASICO HERMOSO DESDE 1878. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO..jpg|N. Sra. de la Luz Church
File:Templo de San Felipe de Jesús lagos.JPG|San Felipe de Jesús Temple
File:Vista desde Jardín Frente Parroquia de la Asunción de María.jpg|Asunción de María Park
File:Templete (capilla) del Campo Santo De La Soledad (Panteón De La Soledad) Panteon Municipal de Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco. México. Inaugurado el 06 de Octubre de 1846 Fachada estilo grecoromano..jpg|Panteon de la Soledad
File:TEMPLO DE SAN MIGUEL ARCANGEL, PASO DEL CUARENTA. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO..jpg|San Miguel Church
File:Fachada del Teatro José Rosas Moreno, Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco 04.jpg|Teatro José Rosas Moreno
File:VISTA FRONTAL DE LA PARROQUIA DE NTRA. SRA. LA V. DEL REFUGIO.DESE 04 DE ABRIL DEL 1833-04 DE JULIO 1838. LAGOS DE MORENO, JALISCO. MEXICO.jpg|N. Sra. del Refugio Church
</gallery>
Transportation
The city used to be served by the Francisco Primo de Verdad National Airport . The nearest airport, Del Bajio International Airport (IATA: BJX) is located near Silao, Guanajuato, an hour's drive away.
References
Sources
- Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- Jalisco Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
External links
- Fotografias de Lagos de Moreno www.alxkueyar.com
- Laguenses en el exterior www.laguenses.com
- Ayuntamiento de Lagos de Moreno Official website