The Kuznetsov Design Bureau (, also known as OKB-276) was a Russian design bureau for aircraft engines, administrated in Soviet times by Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov. It was also known as (G)NPO Trud (or NPO Kuznetsov) and Kuybyshev Engine Design Bureau (KKBM).

NPO Trud was replaced in 1994 by a Joint Stock Company (JSC), Kuznetsov R & E C.

By the early 2000s the lack of funding caused by the poor economic situation in Russia had brought Kuznetsov to the verge of bankruptcy. In 2009 the Russian government decided to consolidate a number of engine-making companies in the Samara region under a new legal entity. This was named JSC Kuznetsov, after the design bureau. 245 kN, NK321M 280 to 300/350 kN, max 386)

: NK-32-02 for An-124 Tu-160 and PAK DA

  • Kuznetsov PD-30, a geared high-bypass turbofan variant for the An-124 transport or airliners, derived from the NK-32 300 kN (max 328/350)
  • NK-34 projectural turbojet. Intended for seaplanes.
  • NK-44 turbofan. 400 kN (max up to 450 kN)
  • NK-46 turbofan. Cryogenic design intended to power the Tupolev Tu-306 (a 450-seat derivative of the Tu-304). and for a re-engine of the Antonov An-124. The engine was proposed for use on the Myasishchev M-90 giant detachable aircraft.
  • NK-63 propfan. Ducted propfan based on the NK-32.
  • NK-64 turbofan. 350 kN intended for Tu-204
  • NK-65 turbofan. Intended for PAK DA
  • NK-74 270 kN engine for a modified Tu-160 for extended range
  • NK-86 turbofan. Upgraded version of the NK-8, powers the Ilyushin Il-86.
  • NK-87 turbofan. Based on the NK-86, powers the Lun-class ekranoplan.
  • NK-88 experimental turbofan. Powers the Tupolev Tu-155 hydrogen and LNG powered aircraft.
  • NK-89 experimental turbofan. Was to power the unbuilt Tupolev Tu-156.
  • NK-92 turbofan (modified to NK-93 further on). 220 to < 350&nbsp;kN
  • NK-93 propfan. Ducted, geared propfan intended for the Ilyushin Il-96, Tupolev Tu-204 and Tupolev Tu-330.
  • NK-94 propfan. Cryogenic, liquefied natural gas (LNG) version of the NK-93. Proposed for the 160-seat Tupolev Tu-156M2, Tu-214, and Tu-338.
  • NK-110 propfan. Like the NK-62, this engine had four-bladed contra-rotating propellers of in diameter, and it supported a cruise speed of Mach 0.75 at altitude. The NK-110 had a takeoff thrust of and TSFC of . In cruise it provided thrust with a TSFC of . The engine was tested in December 1988 but was never certified because of funding problems. Intended for the Tupolev Tu-404.
  • NK-112 turbofan. Cryogenic design intended to power the twin-engine Tupolev Tu-336 (a 120-seat stretched derivative of the Tu-334).
  • NK-114 turbojet. Derived from the NK-93.
  • NK-144 afterburning turbofan. Powered the early models of the Tupolev Tu-144 supersonic transport.
  • NK-256 projectual engine with take-off thrust up to 200-220&nbsp;kN
  • NK-301

Industrial gas turbines

Kuznetsov industrial gas turbines include:

  • NK-12ST. Derivative of the NK-12 turboprop. Serial production started in 1974. The engine is designed for gas pipelines.
  • NK-14ST. (8 MW) 32 percent efficiency, pressure ratio of 9.5, turbine inlet temperature of , exhaust gas flow rate of , fuel gas consumption of , and weight of .

Rocket engines

In 1959, Sergey Korolev ordered a new design of rocket engine from the Kuznetsov Bureau for the Global Rocket 1 (GR-1) Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), which was developed but never deployed. The result was the NK-9, one of the first staged-combustion cycle rocket engines. Kuznetsov developed the design into the NK-15 and NK-33 engines in the 1960s, and claimed them to be the highest-performance rocket engines ever built. As of 2011, the aging NK-33 remains the most efficient (in terms of thrust-to-mass ratio) LOX/Kerosene rocket engine ever created.

The Orbital Sciences Antares light-to-medium-lift launcher has two modified NK-33 in its first stage, a solid second stage and a hypergolic orbit stage. The NK-33s are first imported from Russia to the United States and then modified into Aerojet AJ26s, which involves removing some harnessing, adding U.S. electronics, qualifying it for U.S. propellants, and modifying the steering system.

The Antares rocket was successfully launched from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on April 21, 2013. This marked the first successful launch of the NK-33 heritage engines built in early 1970s.

Kuznetsov rocket engines include:

  • Kuznetsov oxygen-rich stage-combustion RP1/LOX rocket engine family. Including NK-9, NK-15, NK-19, NK-21, NK-33, NK-39, NK-43. The original version was designed to power an ICBM. In the 1970s some improved versions were built for the ill-fated Soviet Lunar mission. More than 150 NK-33 engines were produced and stored in a warehouse ever since, with 36 engines having been sold to Aerojet general in the 1990s. Two NK-33 derived engines (Aerojet AJ-26) are used in the first stage of the Antares rocket developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation. The Antares rocket was successfully launched from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on April 21, 2013. This marked the first successful launch of the NK-33 heritage engines built in the early 1970s.
  • RD-107A rocket engine. Powers the boosters of the R-7 family including the Soyuz-FG and Soyuz-2.
  • RD-108A rocket engine. Powers the core stage of the R-7 family including the Soyuz-FG and Soyuz-2.