Kurchatov may refer to one of the following.
- Igor Kurchatov, the leader of the Soviet atomic bomb project
; Cities named after Igor Kurchatov:
- Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
- Kurchatov, Russia
; Astronomical objects named after Igor Kurchatov:
- Lunar crater Kurchatov (crater)
- Asteroid 2352 Kurchatov
; Scientific institutions named after Igor Kurchatov:
- Kurchatov Institute