The Knavesmire is one of a number of large, marshy undeveloped areas within the city of York in North Yorkshire, England, which are collectively known as Strays. Knavesmire, together with Hob Moor, comprises Micklegate Stray. The York Tyburn, the site of a gallows administered on behalf of The Crown by York Castle, was situated in the area adjacent to the Tadcaster Road.
It has been suggested that the name 'Knavesmire' may share a derivation with Knaresborough—Cenward's mire.
History
Situated in the south-west of the city, some distance outside the historic walls, Knavesmire's low-lying position makes it liable to severe flooding in times of heavy rain. As a consequence, it remained undeveloped as the city expanded around it.
The Knavesmire was the site of York Golf course for many years.
During the Second World War, parts of the Knavesmire were farmed, while other parts were used for military purposes including an anti-aircraft battery and a prisoner of war transit camp which was located near the grandstand. The annual York CAMRA Beer & Cider Festival was held in a marquee on Knavesmire opposite the Grandstand.
York gallows
thumb|York's Tyburn at Knavesmire
thumb|[[Dick Turpin was hanged at Knavesmire in 1739]]
For many years, Knavesmire was the site of public hangings in York. The gallows were erected in 1379, a few miles outside the city on the main southern approach road (now known as the A1036 Tadcaster Road). The execution site was often referred to as "York Tyburn" after the original Tyburn gallows in Middlesex.
Probably the most famous people to be executed there were Rhys ap Maredudd, a Welsh nobleman and rebel, hanged in 1292, and Dick Turpin, who was hanged in 1739. Catholic priests Alexander Rawlins and Henry Walpole were hanged, drawn and quartered on 7 April 1595. Another Catholic priest, Nicholas Postgate, was hanged, drawn and quartered there in 1679. The philologist and murderer Eugene Aram was hanged there in 1759. One of the last women to be burned at the stake was Elizabeth Broadingham, who had already been killed with her lover, in 1790.
By the beginning of the 19th century, it was felt that the gallows did not create a good first impression for visitors to the city. The last hanging at Knavesmire was in 1801, after which the gallows were moved to a more discreet (although still public) location near the castle. A paved area with a small plaque today marks the position in which the scaffold stood.
Current usage
thumb|left|Knavesmire from [[South Bank, York|South Bank]]
The Knavesmire is used for recreation and for public events. It is a popular site for dog-walking, and a large part of it is occupied by York Racecourse. The York Races were first moved to the Knavesmire from Clifton in 1731.
The Little Knavesmire is the home of Ovington CC.