Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts

The appointment of federal judges for United States federal courts is done by a commission of the President of the United States, following nomination to and confirmation by the United States Senate. The tables below provide the composition of all Article III courts which include the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeals at the end of each four year presidential term, as well as the current compositions of the District Courts and the Court of International Trade, categorizing the judges by the presidential term during which they were first appointed to their seats.

As of June 30, 2022, of the 9 justices of the Supreme Court, 6 were appointed by a Republican president, and 3 were appointed by a Democratic president.

As of November 4, 2025, of the 179 Courts of Appeals judges, 92 were appointed by Republican presidents, and 87 by Democratic presidents. Out of the 13 federal appeals courts, Democratic appointees have a majority on 7 courts, and Republican appointees have a majority on 6 courts.

As of April 20, 2026, of the 680 district court judges, 378 were appointed by Democratic presidents compared to 270 by Republican ones. Within the individual circuit jurisdictions, Democratic presidents have appointed majorities in 7 circuits, Republican presidents have appointed a majority in 4 circuits and 1 circuit is evenly divided between appointees of Democratic and Republican presidents.

The party of the president who appointed a judge is generally a consistent indicator of that judge's judicial philosophy and place on the political spectrum, especially in modern times, although there are cases where judges stray from their appointers. Federal judges often strategically time their retirement so as to give the president of the same party that first appointed them an opportunity to nominate the successor.

Abbreviation key

{| class="wikitable"

! Acronym

! President

! Term

! Date range

|DJT 2

|Donald Trump

|current

|January 20, 2025 – present

|JRB

|Joe Biden

|only

|January 20, 2021 - January 20, 2025

|DJT 1

|Donald Trump

|first

|January 20, 2017 - January 20, 2021

|BHO 2

|Barack Obama

|second

|January 20, 2013 - January 20, 2017

|BHO 1

|Barack Obama

|first

|January 20, 2009 - January 20, 2013

|GWB 2

|George W. Bush

|second

|January 20, 2005 - January 20, 2009

|GWB 1

|George W. Bush

|first

|January 20, 2001 - January 20, 2005

|WJC 2

|Bill Clinton

|second

|January 20, 1997 - January 20, 2001

|WJC 1

|Bill Clinton

|first

|January 20, 1993 - January 20, 1997

|GHWB

|George H. W. Bush

|only

|January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993

|RWR 2

|Ronald Reagan

|second

|January 20, 1985 - January 20, 1989

|RWR 1

|Ronald Reagan

|first

|January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1985

|JEC

|Jimmy Carter

|only

|January 20, 1977 - January 20, 1981

|RMN/GRF

|Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford

|split

|January 20, 1973 - January 20, 1977

|RMN 1

|Richard Nixon

|first

|January 20, 1969 - January 20, 1973

|LBJ 2

|Lyndon B. Johnson

|second

|January 20, 1965 - January 20, 1969

|JFK/LBJ

|John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson

|split

|January 20, 1961 - January 20, 1965

|DDE 2

|Dwight Eisenhower

|second

|January 20, 1957 - January 20, 1961

|DDE 1

|Dwight Eisenhower

|first

|January 20, 1953 - January 20, 1957

|HST 2

|Harry Truman

|second

|January 20, 1949 - January 20, 1953

|FDR/HST

|Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman

|split

|January 20, 1945 - January 20, 1949

|FDR 3

|Franklin Roosevelt

|third

|January 20, 1941 - January 20, 1945

|FDR 2

|Franklin Roosevelt

|second

|January 20, 1937 - January 20, 1941

|FDR 1

|Franklin Roosevelt

|first

|March 4, 1933 - January 20, 1937

|HCH

|Herbert Hoover

|only

|March 4, 1929 - March 4, 1933

|JCC 2

|Calvin Coolidge

|second

|March 4, 1925 - March 4, 1929

|WGH/JCC

|Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge

|split

|March 4, 1921 - March 4, 1925

|TWW 2

|Woodrow Wilson

|second

|March 4, 1917 - March 4, 1921

|TWW 1

|Woodrow Wilson

|first

|March 4, 1913 - March 4, 1917

|WHT

|William Howard Taft

|only

|March 4, 1909 - March 4, 1913

|TR 2

|Theodore Roosevelt

|second

|March 4, 1905 - March 4, 1909

|WMK/TR

|William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt

|split

|March 4, 1901 - March 4, 1905

|WMK 1

|William McKinley

|first

|March 4, 1897 - March 4, 1901

|SGC 2

|Grover Cleveland

|second

|March 4, 1893 - March 4, 1897

|BH

|Benjamin Harrison

|only

|March 4, 1889 - March 4, 1893

|SGC 1

|Grover Cleveland

|first

|March 4, 1885 - March 4, 1889

|JAG/CAA

|James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur

|split

|March 4, 1881 - March 4, 1885

|RBH

|Rutherford B. Hayes

|only

|March 4, 1877 - March 4, 1881

|USG 2

|Ulysses S. Grant

|second

|March 4, 1873 - March 4, 1877

|USG 1

|Ulysses S. Grant

|first

|March 4, 1869 - March 4, 1873

|AL/AJ

|Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson

|split

|March 4, 1865 - March 4, 1869

|AL 1

|Abraham Lincoln

|first

|March 4, 1861 - March 4, 1865

Supreme Court

The Supreme Court of the United States was established by the Constitution of the United States. Originally, the Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of justices at six. However, as the nation's boundaries grew across the continent and as Supreme Court justices in those days had to ride the circuit, an arduous process requiring long travel on horseback or carriage over harsh terrain that resulted in months-long extended stays away from home, Congress added justices to correspond with the growth: seven in 1807, nine in 1837, and ten in 1863. The Judicial Circuits Act of 1866 then set the number to gradually be reduced to seven through the retirement or death of current associate justices. The court was down to eight when the Judiciary Act of 1869 restored the number to nine.

Summary of 13 circuits combined

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !!GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2 !! DDE 1

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||179||92||87||—||6||44||53||22||12||14||10||7||2||4||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||179||88||88||3||—||44||53||22||13||15||11||7||2||4||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||179||96||81||2||—||—|| 53||24||26||17||15||17||14||5||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||179||72||90||17||—||—||—||25||28||23||26||22||14||9||7||6||1||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||179||84||78||17||—||—||—||—||30||24||30||26||17||12||10||7||5||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009*||178||100||66||12||—||—||—||—||—||24||32||34||25||21||15||7||7||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||179||94||69||16||—||—||—||—|||—||—||35||35||25||29||20||8||9||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||179||76||78||25||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||35||29||35||28||11||14||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||179||105||53||21||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||29||40||45||14||22||3||2||1||1||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||179||119||42||18||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||40||50||20||40||5||3||1||1||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||168||96||62||10||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||50||26||53||9||10||8||1||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||168||66||76||26||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||33||57||15||17||14||5||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||140||50||86||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||59||16||30||19||8||2||1

There were temporarily 178 appellate federal judgeships, due to the elimination of a 12th seat on the D.C. Circuit by Section 509 of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007. That Act also provided for the creation of a 29th seat on the Ninth Circuit in January 2009 which increased the number of authorized appellate judgeships back to 179.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2 !! DDE 1

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||100%||51%||49%||—||3%||24%||30%||12%||7%||8%||6%||4%||1%||2%||2%||1%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||100%||49%||49%||2%||—||24%||30%||12%||7%||8%||6%||4%||1%||2%||2%||1%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||100%||54%||45%||1%||—||—||30%||13%||15%||9%||8%||9%||8%||3%||2%||1%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||100%||40%||50%||9%||—||—||—||14%||16%||13%||15%||12%||8%||5%||4%||3%||1%||1%||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||100%||47%||44%||9%||—||—||—||—||17%||13%||17%||15%||9%||7%||6%||4%||3%||1%||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||100%||56%||37%||7%||—||—||—||—||—||13%||18%||19%||14%||12%||8%||4%||4%||1%||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||100%||53%||39%||9%||—||—||—||—||—||—||20%||20%||14%||16%||11%||4%||5%||1%||1%||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||100%||42%||44%||14%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||20%||16%||20%||16%||6%||8%||1%||1%||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||100%||59%||30%||12%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||16%||22%||25%||8%||12%||2%||1%||1%||1%||1%||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||100%||67%||23%||10%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||22%||28%||11%||22%||3%||2%||1%||1%||1%||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||100%||57%||37%||6%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||30%||16%||32%||5%||6%||5%||1%||1%||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||100%||39%||45%||16%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||20%||34%||9%||10%||8%||3%||1%||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||100%||36%||61%||3%||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||42%||11%||21%||14%||6%||1%||1%

Partisan mix of the circuit courts

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"

! Appeals Court !! Total number of seats !! Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans !! Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats !! Republican/ Democrat/ vacant !! Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans !! Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats !! Percentage of total seats currently vacant

|style="text-align:left;"|1st||6||17%||83%||1 / 5 / 0||17%||83%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|2nd||13||46%||54%||6 / 7 / 0||46%||54%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|3rd||14||57%||43%||8 / 6 / 0||57%||43%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|4th||15||40%||60%||6 / 9 / 0||40%||60%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|5th||17||71%||29%||12 / 5 / 0||71%||29%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|6th||16||63%||38%||10 / 6 / 0||63%||38%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|7th||11||55%||45%||6 / 5 / 0||55%||45%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|8th||11||91%||9%||10 / 1 / 0||91%||9%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|9th||29||45%||55%||13 / 16 / 0||45%||55%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|10th||12||42%||58%||5 / 7 / 0||42%||58%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|11th||12||58%||42%||7 / 5 / 0||58%||42%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|D.C.||11||36%||64%||4 / 7 / 0||36%||64%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|Federal||12||33%||67%||4 / 8 / 0||33%||67%||0%

!Total of 13 circuits !! 179 !! 51% !! 49% !! 92 / 87 / 0 !! 51% !! 49% !! 0%

First Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !!DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||6||1||5||—||1||4||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||6||0||5||1||—||4||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||6||1||4||1||—||—||—||2||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||6||2||4||—||—||—||—||2||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||6||3||2||1||—||—||—||—||1||—||1||—||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||6||3||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||6||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||1||1||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||6||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||2||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||6||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||6||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||1||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||6||3||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||2||—||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||6||2||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||—||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||4||1||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||1||1

Second Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||13||6||7||—||—||6||5||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||13||6||7||—||—||6||5||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||13||7||6||—||—||—||5||—||3||1||1||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||13||4||7||2||—||—||—||—||4||1||2||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||13||5||8||—||—||—||—||—||5||1||3||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||13||6||6||1||—||—||—||—||—||1||4||4||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||13||6||7||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||5||2||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||13||2||10||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||4||2||—||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||13||5||6||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||3||1||1||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||13||10||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||3||3||2||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||13||9||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||2||1||1||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||13||7||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||2||2||1||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||11||6||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||2||4||1||1

Third Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !!DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||14||8||6||—||2||3||4||3||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||14||6||6||2||—||3||4||3||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||14||8||6||—||—||—||4||3||1||3||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||14||5||7||2||—||—||—||3||2||3||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||14||6||7||1||—||—||—||—||2||3||2||3||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||14||6||6||2||—||—||—||—||—||3||2||4||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||14||7||6||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||4||1||2||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||14||6||6||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||2||3||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||14||11||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||7||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||14||11||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||7||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||12||9||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||7||1||2||—||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||12||6||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||1||4||2

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||10||6||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||1||5||2

Fourth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||15||6||9||—||—||3||3||1||3||1||—||2||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||15||6||9||—||—||3||3||1||3||1||—||2||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

| style="text-align:left;" |2021||15||6||9||—||—||—||3||1||5||1||—||2||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||15||5||10||—||—||—||—||1||5||1||2||3||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||15||5||10||—||—||—||—||—||6||1||2||3||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||15||6||5||4||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||3||2||2||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||15||8||5||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||3||2||3||1||1||—||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||15||6||5||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||2||3||1||1||—||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||15||9||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||4||1||1||2||1||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||15||9||3||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||1||3||1||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||11||6||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||4||1||2||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||11||6||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||1||2||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||10||4||6||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||2||2||—||1

Roger Gregory, who was given a one-year recess appointment in Bill Clinton's second term and was subsequently given a lifetime appointment in George W. Bush's first term, is counted as a Clinton appointee on this page.

Fifth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !!GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2 !! DDE 1

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||17||12||5||—||—||2||6||—||2||4||—||—||1||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||17||12||5||—||—||2||6||—||2||4||—||—||1||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||17||12||5||—||—||—||6||1||2||4||—||—||2||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||17||9||5||3||—||—||—||1||2||4||2||—||2||—||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||17||10||5||2||—||—||—||—||2||4||2||—||2||—||2||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||17||13||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||2||—||3||3||2||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||17||11||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||3||4||2||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||17||9||5||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||4||2||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||17||11||6||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||4||3||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||17||11||2||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||3||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||16||9||6||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||6||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||16||7||7||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||7||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||14||3||10||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||8||1||1||2||—||—||1

The 5th Circuit judges who were transferred to the 11th Circuit in late 1981 are not included in the 5th Circuit numbers for 1981 for trend comparison purposes.

Sixth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2

|style="text-align:left;" |Current||16||10||6||—||1||4||6||—||—||2||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;" |2025||16||9||7||—||—||4||6||—||1||2||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||16||11||5||—||—||—||6||—||2||3||2||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||16||10||5||1||—||—||—||—||2||4||4||1||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||16||10||6||—||—||—||—||—||2||4||4||1||2||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||16||10||6||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||4||2||3||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||16||6||6||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||2||3||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||16||5||7||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||3||3||2||—||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||16||7||6||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||3||4||—||3||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||16||9||5||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||5||1||5||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||16||10||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||3||5||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||16||6||6||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||5||1||1||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||11||3||7||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||6||1||1||—||1||1

Seventh Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||11||6||5||—||1||5||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||11||6||5||—||—||5||4||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||11||8||2||1||—||—||4||—||1||—||1||—||1||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||11||6||3||2||—||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||1||1||2||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||11||7||3||1||—||—||—||—||1||1||1||1||1||1||2||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||11||7||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||1||2||1||2||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||11||8||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||2||1||4||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||11||8||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||1||4||3||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||11||8||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||1||4||3||—||—||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||4||3||1||1||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||3||1||2||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||11||6||2||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||2||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||9||4||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||2||2||1

Eighth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||11||10||1||—||—||—||4||1||—||1||4||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||11||10||1||—||—||—||4||1||—||1||4||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||11||10||1||—||—||—||4||1||—||1||4||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||11||8||1||2||—||—||—||1||—||1||5||—||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||6||1||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||6||1||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||6||1||1||2||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||11||6||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||3||2||1||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||11||8||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||3||2||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||11||9||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||3||3||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||10||6||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||3||2||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||10||4||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||2||—||1||3

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||9||3||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||1||2||3

Ninth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||29||13||16||—||1||8||10||2||3||1||1||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||29||13||16||—||—||8||10||2||3||2||1||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||29||13||16||—||—||—||10||2||5||2||1||8||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||29||7||18||4||—||—||—||2||5||3||3||9||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||29||9||19||1||—||—||—||—||5||3||4||11||1||—||2||—||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||28||11||16||1||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||11||2||2||2||—||3||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||28||8||16||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||11||2||2||2||—||3||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||28||7||18||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||11||3||4||3||—||4||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||28||11||9||8||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||7||—||5||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||28||15||12||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||7||3||11||—||1||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||28||12||13||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||7||3||12||—||2||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||28||8||16||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||15||3||2||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||23||7||16||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||15||3||4||—||1

Tenth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||12||5||7||—||—||2||2||4||1||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||12||5||7||—||—||2||2||4||1||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||12||5||7||—||—||—||2||4||1||1||2||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||12||5||7||—||—||—||—||4||1||2||2||—||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||12||6||3||3||—||—||—||—||1||2||3||—||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||12||8||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||4||—||4||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||12||7||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||—||4||1||2||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||12||5||5||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||4||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||12||7||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||1||6||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||12||7||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||6||—||3||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||10||6||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||6||—||3||—||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||10||1||4||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||—||1||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||8||3||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||—||3||1||1

Eleventh Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||12||7||5||—||—||2||6||2||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||12||7||5||—||—||2||6||2||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||12||7||5||—||—||—||6||2||2||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||12||3||8||1||—||—||—||3||2||—||1||3||—||1||—||—||—||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||12||4||6||2||—||—||—||—||2||—||1||3||1||2||—||—||—||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||12||7||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||1||4||1||—||1||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||12||7||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||1||4||1||—||1||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||12||6||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||1||4||1||—||1||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||12||8||2||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||4||2||—||1||2||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||12||8||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||2||—||3||2||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||12||6||6||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||—||6||3||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||12||4||8||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||7||3||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||12||4||8||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||7||3||1||1

The 11th Circuit was created in 1981. The judges that were transferred from the 5th Circuit to the 11th Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.

D.C. Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||11||4||7||—||—||3||3||4||—||—||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||11||4||7||—||—||3||3||4||—||—||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||11||4||7||—||—||—||3||4||—||—||—||1||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||11||4||7||—||—||—||—||4||—||3||—||1||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||11||5||3||3||—||—||—||—||—||3||—||1||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||11||6||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||3||—||1||2||1||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||12||5||4||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||2||2||2||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||12||5||4||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||2||2||3||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||12||6||4||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||2||4||—||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||12||7||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||5||—||4||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||12||6||5||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||1||4||—||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||12||3||7||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||4||—||—||2||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||11||3||8||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||4||—||3||2||2

Federal Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1 !! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1 !! GHWB !! RWR 2 !! RWR 1 !! JEC !! RMN /GRF !! RMN 1 !! LBJ 2 !! JFK /LBJ !! DDE 2

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||12||4||8||—||—||2||—||4||1||1||1||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||12||4||8||—||—||2||—||4||1||1||1||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||12||4||8||—||—||—||—||4||3||1||1||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2017||12||4||8||—||—||—||—||4||3||1||1||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2013||12||5||4||3||—||—||—||—||3||1||1||1||—||2||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2009||12||8||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||1||3||1||3||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2005||12||8||4||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||3||1||4||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2001||12||7||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||1||4||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|1997||12||10||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||1||5||3||1||—||—||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1993||12||10||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||5||3||1||1||—||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1989||12||7||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||2||3||—||1||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1985||12||7||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||2||3||1||3||1||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|1981||11||6||5||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||3||1||4||1||1||1

The Federal Circuit was created in 1982. The judges from the courts that were combined into the Federal Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.

District courts

Summary of 91 district courts

However, the number of total authorized Article III District Judge positions is currently higher than 676 (681 in 2023) because four judges are authorized to serve a collective five additional judicial districts: one two-District (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Sixth, two two-District (one Obama-nominated & one Trump-nominated) Judges in the Eighth, and one three-district (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Tenth Circuit – see individual districts below for more details.

Partisan mix of the district courts

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"

! District courts under the appeals court !! Total number of seats !! Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans !! Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats !! Republican/ Democrat/ vacant !! Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans !! Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats !! Percentage of total seats currently vacant

|style="text-align:left;"|1st||29||23%||77%||6 / 20 / 3||21%||69%||10%

|style="text-align:left;"|2nd||62||19%||81%||11 / 47 / 4||18%||76%||6%

|style="text-align:left;"|3rd||59||34%||66%||20 / 38 / 1||34%||64%||2%

|style="text-align:left;"|4th||56||48%||52%||27 / 29 / 0||48%||52%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|5th||83||63%||37%||47 / 28 / 8||57%||34%||10%

|style="text-align:left;"|6th||63||55%||45%||33 / 27 / 3||52%||43%||5%

|style="text-align:left;"|7th||48||38%||63%||18 / 30 / 0||38%||63%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|8th||44||50%||50%||22 / 22 / 0||48%||52%||0%

|style="text-align:left;"|9th||110||20%||80%||22 / 86 / 2||20%||78%||2%

|style="text-align:left;"|10th||41||51%||49%||18 / 17 / 6||44%||41%||15%

|style="text-align:left;"|11th||70||65%||35%||43 / 23 / 4||61%||33%||6%

|style="text-align:left;"|D.C.||15||27%||73%||4 / 11 / 0||27%||73%||0%

!Total of 91 District Courts !! 680 !! 43%!! 58% !! 271 / 378 / 31 !! 40% !! 56% !! 5%

District courts in the First Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! District !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1!! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1 !! WJC 2 !! WJC 1

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Maine

|3||1||1||1||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Massachusetts

|13||—||11||2||—||5||—||4||1||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of New Hampshire

|3||1||2||—||—||1||—||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Puerto Rico

|7||3||4||—||—||3||2||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Rhode Island

|3||1||2||—||—||1||1||—||1||—||—||—||—

!Total!!29!!6!!20!!3!!—!!11!!4!!6!!2!!2!!—!!—!!1

District courts in the Second Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Connecticut

|8||1||6||1||—||4||1||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of New York

|15||4||11||—||—||7||4||3||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of New York

|5||—||5||—||—||3||—||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of New York

|28||5||20||3||—||7||4||5||6||—||1||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of New York

|4||1||3||—||—||1||1||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Vermont

|2||—||2||—||—||1||—||—||1||—||—||—||—

!Total!!62!!11!!47!!4!!—!!23!!10!!12!!10!!—!!1!!1!!1

District courts in the Third Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! District !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1!! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Delaware

|4||2||2||—||—||2||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of New Jersey

|17||2||15||—||—||10||—||2||3||2||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Pennsylvania

|22||7||14||1||—||7||5||7||—||—||2

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Pennsylvania

|6||1||5||—||—||4||1||—||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Pennsylvania

|10||8||2||—||—||—||8||—||2||—||—

!Total!!59!!20!!38!!1!!—!!23!!16!!9!!6!!2!!2

District courts in the Fourth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Maryland

|10||1||9||—||—||6||1||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of North Carolina

|4||4||—||—||—||—||1||—||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of North Carolina

|4||4||—||—||2||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of North Carolina

|5||4||1||—||2||—||1||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of South Carolina

|10||5||5||-||1||1||3||1||3||—||—||—||—||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Virginia

|11||4||7||—||—||4||3||1||1||1||—||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Virginia

|4||1||3||—||—||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of West Virginia

|3||2||1||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of West Virginia

|5||2||3||—||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||1||1||—||—||—

!Total!!56!!27!!29!!0!!5!!13!!12!!5!!8!!7!!1!!1!!2!!1!!—!!1

District courts in the Fifth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Louisiana

|12||6||5||1||2||2||3||—||3||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Louisiana

|3||—||3||—||—||—||—||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Louisiana

|7||6||1||—||1||1||4||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Mississippi

|3||2||1||—||2||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Mississippi

|6||5||1||—||—||—||2||—||1||2||—||—||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Texas

|8||5||3||—||—||—||4||2||1||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Texas

|12||8||1||3||—||—||6||—||—||1||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Texas

|19||7||8||4||1||1||5||3||3||—||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Texas

|13||8||5||—||2||2||3||1||—||—||3||—||2||—||—

!Total!!83!!47!!28!!8!!8!!6!!27!!9!!9!!3!!8!!2!!2!!—!!1

District courts in the Sixth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Kentucky

|6||6||—||—||1||—||2||—||—||1||2||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Kentucky

|5||3||2||—||—||—||3||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Michigan

|15||2||12||1||—||6||—||4||2||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Michigan

|4||3||1||—||—||1||1||—||—||2||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Ohio

|11||5||5||1||—||3||3||—||2||1||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Ohio

|8||4||3||1||—||1||4||—||—||—||—||1||1

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Tennessee

|5||4||1||—||—||—||3||1||—||—||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Tennessee

|4||2||2||—||—||—||2||1||—||—||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Tennessee

|5||4||1||—||1||—||2||1||—||1||—||—||—

!Total!!63!!33!!27!!3!!2!!11!!20!!9!!4!!7!!4!!2!!1

Note: Judge Claria Horn Boom (Trump appointee) currently serves both the Eastern & Western Districts of Kentucky

District courts in the Seventh Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|C.D. of Illinois

|4||—||4||—||—||2||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Illinois

|23||8||15||—||—||7||6||5||3||2||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Illinois

|4||2||2||—||—||—||2||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Indiana

|5||3||2||—||—||2||2||—||—||—||1||–||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Indiana

|5||3||2||—||1||1||2||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Wisconsin

|5||2||3||—||—||1||1||1||—||—||—||1||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Wisconsin

|2||—||2||—||—||—||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

!Total!!48!!18!!30!!—!!1!!13!!13!!10!!6!!2!!1!!1!!—!!—!!1

District courts in the Eighth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! District !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1!! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !! GWB 2 !! GWB 1

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Arkansas

|5||2||3||—||—||—||1||1||2||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Arkansas

|3||2||1||—||2||—||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Iowa

|2||1||1||—||—||—||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Iowa

|3||—||3||—||—||1||—||1||1||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. Minnesota

|7||3||4||—||—||4||2||—||—||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Missouri

|9||8||1||—||4||—||3||—||1||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Missouri

|7||3||4||—||2||—||—||2||2||1||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Nebraska

|3||1||2||—||—||1||1||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of North Dakota

|2||2||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of South Dakota

|3||—||3||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—

!Total!!44!!22!!22!!—!!8!!8!!10!!7!!7!!3!!1

Note: Judge Brian Wimes (Obama appointee) and Judge Joshua Divine (Trump appointee) currently serve in both the Eastern & Western Districts of Missouri.

District courts in the Ninth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Alaska

|3||1||1||1||1||—||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Arizona

|13||5||8||—||—||3||5||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|C.D. of California

|28||9||19||—||—||12||4||1||5||1||3||1||—||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of California

|6||—||6||—||—||4||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of California

|14||—||14||—||—||7||—||5||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of California

|13||3||9||1||—||7||1||1||1||1||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Hawaii

|4||1||3||—||—||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Idaho

|2||1||1||—||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Montana

|3||1||2||—||1||—||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Nevada

|7||—||7||—||—||2||—||3||2||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Oregon

|6||1||5||—||—||3||1||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Washington

|4||—||4||—||—||2||—||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Washington

|7||—||7||—||—||7||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

!Total!!110!!22!!86!!2!!2!!50!!13!!21!!14!!2!!4!!1!!—!!—!!1

District courts in the Tenth Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Colorado

|7||2||5||—||—||5||1||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Kansas

|6||3||—||3||—||—||3||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of New Mexico

|7||1||5||1||—||4||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|E.D. of Oklahoma

|2||1||—||1||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Oklahoma

|4||1||2||1||—||2||1||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|W.D. of Oklahoma

|7||7||—||—||—||—||6||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Utah

|5||2||3||—||—||1||2||1||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Wyoming

|3||1||2||—||—||1||—||—||1||—||—||—||—||—||1

!Total!!41!!18!!17!!6!!—!!13!!15!!2!!2!!2!!—!!—!!—!!—!!1

Note: Judge John Heil III (Trump appointee) currently serves on the Eastern, Northern, & Western Districts of Oklahoma

District courts in the Eleventh Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Alabama

|3||3||—||—||1||—||2||—||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Alabama

|8||6||1||1||2||—||4||1||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Alabama

|3||3||—||—||—||—||2||—||—||1||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Florida

|15||10||4||1||3||1||5||3||—||2||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Florida

|4||3||1||—||—||—||2||—||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Florida

|19||9||9||1||1||3||5||3||1||—||2||2||—||1

|style="text-align:left;"|M.D. of Georgia

|4||2||2||—||—||—||1||1||1||—||1||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|N.D. of Georgia

|11||4||6||1||—||3||4||3||—||—||—||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|S.D. of Georgia

|3||3||—||—||—||—||1||—||—||2||—||—||—||—

!Total!!70!!43!!23!!4!!7!!7!!26!!11!!3!!5!!4!!2!!—!!1

District court in the D.C. Circuit

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! District !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1!! BHO 2 !! BHO 1

|style="text-align:left;"|D. of Columbia

|15||4||11||—||—||5||4||4||2

!Total!!15!!4!!11!!—!!—!!5!!4!!4!!2

United States Court of International Trade

The United States Court of International Trade is an Article III court, with full powers in law and equity, established by the Customs Court Act of 1980 to replace the United States Customs Court.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! Year !! Total !! Appointed by Republicans !! Appointed by Democrats !! Vacant !! DJT 2 !! JRB !! DJT 1!! BHO 2 !! BHO 1 !!GWB 2 !! GWB 1

|style="text-align:left;"|Current||9||2||6||1||—||2||2||4||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2025||9||3||6||—||—||2||3||4||—||—||—

|style="text-align:left;"|2021||9||4||4||1||—||—||3||4||—||—||1

References

External links

Ideological Voting on Federal Courts of Appeals
Summary of Judicial Vacancies
Biographical Directory of Article III Federal Judges, 1789-Present

Abbreviation key

Supreme Court

Summary of 13 circuits combined

Partisan mix of the circuit courts

First Circuit

Second Circuit

Third Circuit

Fourth Circuit

Fifth Circuit

Sixth Circuit

Seventh Circuit

Eighth Circuit

Ninth Circuit

Tenth Circuit

Eleventh Circuit

D.C. Circuit

Federal Circuit

District courts

Summary of 91 district courts

Partisan mix of the district courts

District courts in the First Circuit

District courts in the Second Circuit

District courts in the Third Circuit

District courts in the Fourth Circuit

District courts in the Fifth Circuit

District courts in the Sixth Circuit

District courts in the Seventh Circuit

District courts in the Eighth Circuit

District courts in the Ninth Circuit

District courts in the Tenth Circuit

District courts in the Eleventh Circuit

District court in the D.C. Circuit

United States Court of International Trade

See also

References

External links