Joseph Robert Beyrle (pron. BYE-er-lee) (; romanized: Dzhozef Vilyamovich Bayyerli; August 25, 1923 – December 12, 2004) is the only known American soldier to have served in combat with both the United States Army and the Soviet Red Army in World War II. He took part in Mission Albany, the airborne landings of the 101st Airborne Division on June 5–6, 1944, as a member of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment. He was captured by the Germans and sent east as a prisoner of war.
After several unsuccessful attempts, Beyrle escaped from the German Stalag III-C in January 1945 and joined a Soviet tank battalion under the command of Aleksandra Samusenko. Wounded, he was evacuated and eventually made his way to the United States in April 1945. Beyrle died in 2004 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. His son John Beyrle later became the United States Ambassador to Russia.
Early life
Joseph Beyrle was born in Muskegon, Michigan 25 August 1923. He was the fifth of seven children born to William and Elizabeth Beyrle, whose parents had come to America from Germany in the 1800s. He was six years old when the Great Depression struck; his father, a factory worker, lost his job. The family was evicted from their home and was forced to move in with Joseph's grandmother.
His two older brothers dropped out of high school and joined the Civilian Conservation Corps, an unemployment work-relief program, sending home enough money to allow the rest of the family to stay together. His older sister died of scarlet fever at age 16.
US Army
Upon his enlistment, Beyrle volunteered to become a paratrooper, and after completing basic airborne infantry training at Camp Toccoa he was assigned to the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division, the "Screaming Eagles". Beyrle specialized in radio communications and demolition, and was first stationed in Ramsbury, England, to prepare for the upcoming Allied invasion from the west. After nine months of training, Beyrle completed two missions in occupied France in April and May 1944, delivering gold to the French Resistance.
Prisoner of war
thumb|upright|left|Beyrle as a [[POW, fall 1944]]
Over the next seven months, Beyrle was held in seven German prisons. He escaped twice, and was both times recaptured. Beyrle and his fellow prisoners had been hoping to find the Red Army, which was a short distance away. After the second escape (in which he and his companions set out for Poland but boarded a train to Berlin by mistake), Beyrle was turned over to the Gestapo by a German civilian. Beaten and tortured, he was released to the German military after officials stepped in and determined that the Gestapo had no jurisdiction over prisoners of war. The Gestapo were about to shoot Beyrle and his comrades, claiming that he was an American spy who had parachuted into Berlin.
Beyrle endured much cruelty during his time as a POW. He was hospitalized with a bashed head, was forced to march through Paris where he had rotten food thrown at him and was spat on, and he was confined to a small boxcar with 80 other men for a week during which time the convoy was strafed. Beyrle worked for Brunswick Corporation for 28 years, retiring as a shipping supervisor.
His unique service earned him medals from both U.S. president Bill Clinton and Russian president Boris Yeltsin at a ceremony in the Rose Garden of the White House marking the 50th anniversary of D-Day in 1994.The street alongside the church was renamed "Rue Joseph Beyrle" at a ceremony held in June 2024.
An exhibition devoted to Joe Beyrle's life and wartime experiences was shown in Moscow and three other Russian cities in 2010. The exhibition opened a four-city American tour at The National World War II Museum in New Orleans, with showings in Toccoa and Omaha in 2011, and Beyrle's hometown of Muskegon in June 2012. A permanent installation of the exhibition is now on display at the USS Silversides Museum in Muskegon.
<gallery mode="packed">
File:J. Beyrle3.jpg|The German record with Beyrle's details as a prisoner of war
File:J. Beyrle p 27 telegram.jpg|The US War Department telegram sent to Beyrle's family, incorrectly telling them of his death, September 1944
File:JRBI-med doc russ.jpg|Beyrle's Soviet medical chart detailing his wounds
</gallery>
Awards and decorations
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|Combat Infantryman Badge
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|Parachutist Badge with one Combat Jump Star
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|Bronze Star
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|Purple Heart with four Oak Leaf Clusters
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|Prisoner of War Medal
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|Army Good Conduct Medal
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|American Campaign Medal
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|European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with 2 Service Stars and Arrowhead Device
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|World War II Victory Medal
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|Croix de Guerre (France)
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|Order of the Red Banner
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|Order of the Red Star
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|Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw"
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|Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
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|Medal of Zhukov
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|Jubilee Medal "50 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"