Jazz at Lincoln Center (JALC) is an organization based in New York City. Part of Lincoln Center, the organization was founded in 1987 and opened at Time Warner Center (now Deutsche Bank Center) in October 2004. The organization seeks to "represent the totality of jazz music – educationally, curatorially, archivally, and ceremonially." They advocate for jazz, culture, and arts education globally. Wynton Marsalis is the artistic director and the leader of the Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra.

The center hosts performances by the orchestra and by visiting musicians. It is home to the New York City Opera. Many concerts are streamed live on the center's YouTube channel. The center also presents educational programs in its home buildings, online, and in schools throughout the country.

The organization reaches approximately 3 million people of all ages every year through concerts (where more than 90 percent of seats for major shows are sold), tours, musical instruction programs, sheet music, recordings on their label (Blue Engine), and live performances on their platform JAZZ LIVE.

The center has large speakers throughout the building that constantly play the music of great jazz artists like Ella Fitzgerald, Dizzy Gillespie, Louis Armstrong, etc.

History

During the mid-1980s, the Lincoln Center sought to attract new and younger audiences. The space wasn't used during the summer and the organization wanted to find ways to fill the halls while resident companies performed elsewhere. Jazz enthusiasts on the Lincoln Center campus fought for jazz to be recognized by the organization. In a 1986 report the organization said, "Lincoln Center should focus on excellence in its course offering and that no compelling case can be made for adding a constituent in an area like jazz." This was after the third proposal from then director of visitor services, Alina Bloomgarden, to introduce a permanent jazz program to the Lincoln Center. It was believed that jazz audiences would be too rowdy. Bloomgarden then decided to invite Wynton Marsalis to help her plan a summer concert series. In order to succeed, this concert series had to show commercial viability and merits of both the music and community it came from.

In 1987, trumpeter Wynton Marsalis was involved in starting the Classical Jazz concert series, the first series of jazz concerts at Lincoln Center. The concert series began in August 1987 and they celebrated women in jazz. This included Betty Carter, Sasha Dalton, Marian McPartland, and others. Given the high stakes, success of this concert series was pertinent. At this point in time, many great jazz innovators had died, jazz clubs were shutting down, not many colleges and universities had jazz programs, and there was a rise in commercial aspirations with electronic music. It was also a polarizing time in the United States with many places still being racially integrated, the AIDS epidemic, boost in militarization and globalization with the Cold War, and Ronald Reagan's war on drugs increasing mass incarceration. By their second year, they had their own radio services on the National Public Radio and began touring.

A sense of what Marsalis was saving was recorded in this three part suite, The New Orleans Function, which was styled after New Orleans funeral marches. Stanley Crouch, who was involved in founding Jazz at Lincoln Center, wrote an impassioned oration that was delivered by Reverend Jeremy Wright. This sermon is read as a statement of purpose for what Jazz at Lincoln Center would become:

<blockquote>"It is possible that we who listened heard something timeless from those who are the descendants of the many who were literally up for sale—those whose presence on the auction blocks and in the slave quarters formed the cross upon which the Constitution of this nation was crucified. Yet—even after that crucifixion, there were those who rose in the third century of American slavery with a vision of freedom... There were those who lit the mighty wick that extended from the candle—and carried it. There were those who spoke through music of the meaning of light—those who were not content to accept the darkness in the heart that comes when you surrender to dragons who think themselves grand. There were those who said, 'Listen closely, now'—those who said, 'If you give me a fair chance, I will help you better understand the meaning of democracy.' Yes—that is precisely what they said. 'If you give me a fair chance, I will help you better understand the meaning of democracy.' These are they who were truly the makers of a noble sound."</blockquote>Gordon Davis, a member of the Lincoln Center Board and founding chair, saw the success of the summer concert series and advocated for a permanent jazz program. The board agreed and by 1996, Jazz at Lincoln Center was elevated to full constituency along with the New York Philharmonic, City Ballet, Metropolitan Opera, and houses dedicated to European Arts. The budget for Jazz at Lincoln Center was $4 million in 1996, compared to $150 million for the Metropolitan Opera. In 2016, its budget was over $50 million. Wynton Marsalis has been artistic director since 1987. Greg Scholl became executive director in 2012.thumb|The [[Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra at The Sheldon in St. Louis, MO, in January 2026]]

Marsalis leads the Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra, which performs in the Appel Room and the Rose Theater in addition to extensive international tours. Concerts are also broadcast live online. Educational programs are broadcast on the center's YouTube channel. Since 2015, the orchestra's albums have been issued on its own label, Blue Engine Records.

Rose Hall

thumb|left|Rose Theater, 2007

The performing arts complex, Frederick P. Rose Hall, was designed by Rafael Viñoly and is located on the fifth floor of Deutsche Bank Center (originally Time Warner Center). The $131 million facility opened in fall 2004 and was the world's first performance, education, and broadcast facility entirely devoted to jazz. It was engineered specifically for the warmth and clarity of jazz. Rose Hall consists of three venues: Rose Theater, The Appel Room, and Dizzy's Club, named after trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie. The Hall also contains the Irene Diamond Education Center with rehearsal and recording rooms. The location was criticized for being within a high-end shopping mall at Columbus Circle and isolated from the main Lincoln Center that was four blocks away. Jazz at Lincoln Center counteracted this by saying that this house of consumerism "showcases the music born from a freedom struggle, one that encourages both players and listeners to reach for higher ideals".

alt=Jazz at Lincoln Center at night|left|thumb|Jazz at Lincoln Center at night with Rose Hall signage, 2025

Leaders of Jazz at Lincoln Center undertook construction of a facility that had proper acoustics for swing and blues oriented jazz. They also wanted this facility to properly house the institution's educational and archival pursuits. To start gaining traction, Marsalis collaborated with popular musicians outside of jazz, including Stevie Wonder, Paul Simon, and Bob Dylan. Not only did this bring in a larger audience, it also allowed for performances with rich tension between swing, rock, and R&B.

Inductees have included:

2004

  • Louis Armstrong (1901–1971), trumpeter
  • Sidney Bechet (1897–1959), saxophonist, clarinetist
  • Bix Beiderbecke (1903–1931), cornetist
  • John Coltrane (1926–1967), saxophonist
  • Miles Davis (1926–1991), trumpeter
  • Duke Ellington (1899–1974), pianist
  • Dizzy Gillespie (1917–1993), trumpeter
  • Coleman Hawkins (1904–1969), saxophonist
  • Billie Holiday (1915–1959), vocalist
  • Thelonious Monk (1917–1982), pianist
  • Jelly Roll Morton (1890–1941), pianist
  • Charlie Parker (1920–1955), saxophonist
  • Art Tatum (1909–1956), pianist
  • Lester Young (1909–1959), saxophonist

2005

  • Count Basie (1904–1984), pianist, organist, bandleader
  • Roy Eldridge (1911–1989), trumpeter
  • Ella Fitzgerald (1917–1996), vocalist
  • Benny Goodman (1909–1986), clarinetist
  • Earl Hines (1903–1983), pianist
  • Johnny Hodges (1907–1970), saxophonist
  • "Papa" Jo Jones (1911–1985), drummer
  • Charles Mingus (1922–1979), bassist
  • Joe "King" Oliver (1885–1938), cornetist
  • Max Roach (1924–2007), drummer
  • Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), saxophonist
  • Fats Waller (1904–1943), pianist, organist

2007

  • Clifford Brown (1930–1956), trumpeter
  • Benny Carter (1907–2003), saxophonist, clarinetist, trumpeter
  • Charlie Christian (1916–1942), guitarist
  • Django Reinhardt (1910–1953), guitarist

2008

  • Ornette Coleman (1930–2015), free jazz pioneer
  • Gil Evans (1912–1988), jazz arranger
  • Bessie Smith (1894–1937), blues singer
  • Mary Lou Williams (1910–1981), pianist, arranger

2010

  • Bill Evans (1929–1980), pianist, composer
  • Bud Powell (1924–1966), pianist
  • Billy Strayhorn (1915–1967), composer, pianist, lyricist, arranger
  • Sarah Vaughan (1924–1990), vocalist

2013

  • Art Blakey (1919–1990), drummer, bandleader
  • Lionel Hampton (1908–2002), vibraphonist, pianist, percussionist, bandleader
  • Clark Terry (1920–2015), flugelhornist, trumpeter

2014

  • Betty Carter (1929–1998), vocalist
  • Fletcher Henderson (1897–1952), pianist, bandleader, arranger, composer
  • Elvin Jones (1927–2004), drummer
  • Wes Montgomery (1923–1968), guitarist

2015

  • Dexter Gordon (1923–1990), saxophonist, composer, bandleader
  • James P. Johnson (1894–1955), pianist, composer
  • Lennie Tristano (1919–1978), pianist, composer, arranger

2016

  • J. J. Johnson (1924–2001), trombonist, composer, arranger
  • Wayne Shorter (1933–2023), saxophonist, composer, bandleader
  • Ben Webster (1909–1973), saxophonist

2017

  • Tito Puente (1923–2000), songwriter, bandleader, percussionist, producer
  • Don Redman (1900–1964), clarinetist, saxophonist, arranger, bandleader, composer
  • McCoy Tyner (1938–2020), pianist, composer

2018

  • Jimmy Blanton (1918–1942), double bassist
  • Nat King Cole (1919–1965), singer, pianist
  • Nina Simone (1933–2003), singer, songwriter, pianist

2019

  • Julian "Cannonball" Adderley (1928–1975), saxophonist
  • Frankie Trumbauer (1901–1956), saxophonist
  • Dinah Washington (1924–1963), singer, pianist
  • Chick Webb (1905–1939), drummer, band leader

2020

  • Freddie Green (1911–1987), guitarist
  • Lee Konitz (1927–2020), saxophonist, composer
  • John Lewis (1920–2001), pianist, composer, arranger
  • Teddy Wilson (1912–1986), pianist

2022

  • Freddie Hubbard (1938–2008), trumpeter
  • Paul Chambers (1935–1969), double bassist

2023

  • Antônio Carlos Jobim (1927–1994), composer, pianist, guitarist, arranger, singer
  • Hugh Masekela (1939–2018), trumpeter, flugelhornist, singer, composer
  • Mario Bauzá (1911–1993), composer, arranger, clarinetist, saxophonist, trumpeter
  • Toshiko Akiyoshi (b. 1929), pianist, composer, arranger, bandleader

2024

  • Dave Brubeck (1920–2012), pianist, composer
  • Kenny Clarke (1914–1985), drummer, bandleader
  • Lou Donaldson (1926–2024), saxophonist, bandleader, composer
  • Kenny Dorham (1924–1972), trumpeter, composer
  • Roy Haynes (1925–2024), drummer, bandleader
  • Sheila Jordan (1928–2025), singer, songwriter
  • Eddie Palmieri (1936–2025), pianist, bandleader, composer

2025

  • Tadd Dameron (1917–1965), composer, arranger, pianist
  • Joe Henderson (1937–2001), saxophonist, composer
  • Thad Jones (1923–1986), trumpeter, composer, bandleader
  • Abbey Lincoln (1930–2010), vocalist, songwriter
  • Melba Liston (1926–1999), trombonist, arranger, composer
  • Horace Silver (1928–2014), pianist, composer, arranger

See also

  • Wynton Marsalis
  • Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra

References