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Jaunpur () is a city and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located 228&nbsp;km southeast of state capital Lucknow. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located.

History

thumb|208x208px|Billon coin of 32 rattis, issued by [[Sultanate of Jaunpur#History|Ibrahim Shah of Jaunpur.|left]]

thumb|The famous Sheetla Mata Chaukiya Temple was built by either Yadavs or Bhars |left

Earliest Hindu rulers of Jaunpur were the Ahirs/Yadavs, Heerchand Yadav being the first ruler of Jaunpur. Ahirs/Yadavs built forts at Chandwak and Gopalpur villages of Jaunpur In 1388, Feroz Shah Tughlaq appointed Malik Sarwar (an eunuch, who was notorious for having been the lover of Feroz Shah Tughlaq's daughter) as the governor of the region. The Sultanate was in disarray because of factional fighting for power, and in 1393 Malik Sarwar declared independence. He and his adopted son Mubarak Shah founded what came to be known as the Sharqi dynasty (dynasty of the East). During the Sharqi period (1394 and 1479) the Jaunpur Sultanate was a strong military power in Northern India, and on several occasions threatened the Delhi Sultanate.thumb|It depicts the elephant Citranand attacking another, called Udiya, during the Mughal campaign against the rebel forces of Khan Zaman and Bahadur Khan in 1567.|left thumb|260px|View at Juanpore, on the River Gomti (1847)|leftThe Jaunpur Sultanate attained its greatest height under the younger brother of Mubarak Shah, who ruled as Shams-ud-din Ibrahim Shah (ruled 1402–1440). To the east, his kingdom extended to Bihar, and to the west, to Kanauj; he even marched on Delhi at one point. Under the aegis of a Muslim holy man named Qutb al-Alam, he threatened the Sultanate of Bengal under Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah. Gujar tal in Jaunpur is the largest lake in Varanasi division. Efforts are being made to develop it as an eco-tourism site.

Demographics

As per 2011 Indian Census, Jaunpur NPP had population of 180,362 of which male and female were 93,718 and 86,644 respectively, that is a sex ratio of 1024 females per 1000 males. Child population in the age range of 0–6 years was 22,710. The total number of literates in Jaunpur was 128,050, which constituted 71% of the population with male literacy of 75.2% and female literacy of 66.5%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Jaunpur was 81.2%, of which male literacy rate was 86.1% and female literacy rate was 75.9%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 12,703 (7.04%) and 195 (0.11%) respectively. There were 26216 households as of 2011.

The largest religion is Hinduism which is followed by 63% of the population. Muslims are a significant minority in the city, followed by 1/3 of the population.

90.86% of the population speaks Hindi as their first language. 8.81% of the population speaks Urdu as their first language.

Landmarks

thumb|Shahi Bridge

thumb|Jaunpur Jama Masjid

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Tourist attractions in Jaunpur include monuments and religious sites.

Notable institutes

  • Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
  • Prasad Institute of Technology, affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University
  • Tilak Dhari Singh Post Graduate Degree College,

Notable people

thumb|[[Ravi Kishan, a Bhojpuri film actor and Member of Parliament]]

thumb|Jagmohan Yadav addressing a press conference

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  • Hasan Abidi
  • Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay
  • Munna Bajrangi
  • Banarasidas
  • Ashok Bhushan
  • Yadavendra Dutt Dubey
  • Syed Wazir Hasan
  • Majid Ali Jaunpuri, Islamic scholar
  • Muhammad Jaunpuri
  • Ravi Kishan
  • Shailendra Yadav Lalai
  • Mohammad Akram Nadwi, Islamic scholar
  • Sushma Patel
  • Urvashi Rai, Indian film actress
  • Tribhuvan Ram
  • Dhananjay Singh
  • Harivansh Singh
  • Indu Prakash Singh
  • Kripashankar Singh
  • Lalji Singh
  • Shakeel Ahmed Samdani
  • Jagdish Sonkar
  • Rajesh Vivek
  • Rambhadracharya, spiritual leader
  • Gaurav Yadav, DGP of Punjab Police
  • Girish Chandra Yadav
  • Jagmohan Yadav, former DGP of Uttar Pradesh Police
  • Jawahar Yadav, politician
  • Lucky Yadav, politician
  • Parasnath Yadav, politician, founding member of Samajwadi Party
  • Surendra Kumar Yadav, judge

References

Further reading