John Cooper Jr. (September 15, 1922 – May 3, 2011), known professionally as Jackie Cooper, was an American actor and director. He began his career as a child actor and was a featured member of the Our Gang ensemble 1929–1931. At age nine, he became the only child and youngest person nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, for the 1931 film Skippy. He then successfully transitioned to adolescent roles in the 1930s and adult roles from 1940 on.
As an adult, he starred as Socrates "Sock" Miller on the sitcom The People's Choice (1955–58) and as the title character on Hennesey (1959–1962), as well as playing Daily Planet editor-in-chief Perry White in the 1978–1987 Superman films. He also had success as a television director, earning two Primetime Emmy Awards for directing. He had a parallel career as a U.S. Navy officer, both active duty and reserve.
For his contributions to the motion picture industry, Cooper was honored with a Hollywood Walk of Fame star located at 1507 Vine Street. was born in Los Angeles, California. Cooper's father, Brooklyn-born John George Cooper, left the family when Jackie was two years old. His mother, Mabel Leonard Bigelow (née Polito), was a stage pianist. His mother was Italian American (her family's surname was changed from "Polito" to "Leonard"). His father was Jewish. The two never reunited after he had left the family.
Early acting career
left|thumb|Cooper as he appeared in the film [[Broadway to Hollywood (film)|Broadway to Hollywood (1933)]]
thumb|left|Cooper, [[Edward Brophy, and Wallace Beery in The Champ (1931)]]
Cooper first appeared in films as an extra with his grandmother, who took him to her auditions hoping it would help her get extra work. At age three, Jackie appeared in Lloyd Hamilton comedies under the name of "Leonard".
Cooper graduated to bit parts in feature films such as Fox Movietone Follies of 1929 and Sunny Side Up. His director in those films, David Butler, recommended Cooper to director Leo McCarey, who arranged an audition for the Our Gang comedy series produced by Hal Roach. In 1929, Cooper signed a three-year contract after joining the series in the short Boxing Gloves. He initially was cast as a supporting character, but by early 1930 his success in transitioning to sound films enabled him to become one of Our Gang<nowiki/>'s major characters, called Jackie in the series, replacing Harry Spear, who left after his contract expired. He was the main character in the 1930 entries The First Seven Years and When the Wind Blows. His most notable performances explore his crush on schoolteacher Miss Crabtree, (portrayed by June Marlowe) in the trilogy Teacher's Pet, School's Out, and Love Business. He starred in two television sitcoms, NBC's The People's Choice with Patricia Breslin and as the title character in CBS's Hennessy with Abby Dalton. In 1954, he guest-starred on the NBC legal drama Justice. He appeared on ABC's The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, guest-starred with Tennessee Ernie Ford on NBC's The Ford Show as America's Uranium King, and as Charles A. Steen in "I Found 60 Million Dollars" on the Armstrong Circle Theatre.
In 1950, Cooper was cast in a production of Mr. Roberts in Boston, Massachusetts in the role of Ensign Pulver. From 1964 to 1969, Cooper was vice president of program development at Columbia Pictures Screen Gems TV division. He was responsible for packaging series such as Bewitched and selling them to the networks. In 1964, Cooper appeared in Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone episode "Caesar and Me", and in 1968 a made-for-television film, Shadow on the Land.
right|thumb|Cooper's handprints in front of [[The Great Movie Ride at Walt Disney World's Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park.]]
In the 1970s and 1980s, Cooper appeared as Daily Planet editor Perry White in the Superman film series, a role he got after Keenan Wynn, who was originally cast as White, became unavailable after suffering a heart attack.
Cooper's final film role was as Ace Morgan in the 1987 film Surrender, starring Sally Field, Michael Caine, and Steve Guttenberg.
Personal life
thumb|Cooper in 1989
Cooper served in the United States Navy during World War II and remained active in the Naval Reserve for the next several decades, reaching the rank of captain. and Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952.
Cooper participated in several automobile racing events, including the record-breaking class D cars at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah. He drove in several SCCA road racing competitions. Cooper was named the honorary starter for the 1976 Winston 500 at the Alabama International Motor Speedway, which is now known as Talladega Superspeedway, in Talladega, Alabama.
Cooper's autobiography, Please Don't Shoot My Dog, was published in 1982. The title refers to an incident during the filming of Skippy, when Norman Taurog, who was the director, needed Cooper to cry a number of times on camera. To accomplish that, Taurog used various tricks intended to upset Cooper. For example, one time Taurog ordered a security guard to go backstage and pretend to shoot Cooper's dog. The stunt resulted in genuine tears; Cooper afterwards discovered his dog was in fact fine. Later that same day, his mother came to the set, and showed Cooper a better way for an actor to experience emotions in the scene–by studying the script, and empathizing with the character he was portraying.
Death
Cooper died on May 3, 2011, aged 88, in Santa Monica, California. He was survived by his two sons. He outlived both his daughters and wife, Barbara Rae Kraus. He was interred at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in honor of his naval service.
|-
|1975
|Journey into Fear
|Eric Hurst
|
|-
|1975
|data-sort-value="Rockford Files, The" | The Rockford Files
|Captain Hyland
|Episode: "Claire"
|-
|1978
|Having Babies III
|
|Director
|-
|1978
|Perfect Gentlemen
|
|Director
|-
|1978
|Superman
|Perry White
|
|-
|1978
|data-sort-value="Rockford Files, The" | The Rockford Files
|Garth McGregor
|Episode: "The House on Willis Avenue"
|-
|1978
|Rainbow
|
|Director
|-
|1979
|Sex and the Single Parent
|
|Director
|-
|1980
|White Mama
|
|Director
|-
|1980
|Superman II
|Perry White
|
|-
|1980
|Rodeo Girl
|
|Director
|-
|1981
|Leave 'Em Laughing
|
|Director
|-
|1982
|Moonlight
|
|Director
|-
|1982
|Rosie: The Rosemary Clooney Story
|
|Director
|-
|1983
|Superman III
|Perry White
|
|-
|1984
|data-sort-value="Night They Saved Christmas, The" | The Night They Saved Christmas
|
|Director
|-
|1985
|Izzy & Moe
|
|Director
|-
|1986
|Murder, She Wrote
|Carl Schulman/Neil Fletcher
|
|-
|1987
|Magnum, P.I.
|
|Director
|-
|1987
|data-sort-value="Ladies, The" | The Ladies
|
|Director
|-
|1987
|Superman IV: The Quest for Peace
|Perry White
|
|-
|1987
|Surrender
|Ace Morgan
|(Final film role)
|-
|}
See also
- List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees – Youngest nominees for Best Lead Actor
- List of actors with Academy Award nominations
References
Further reading
- Best, Marc. Those Endearing Young Charms: Child Performers of the Screen, South Brunswick and New York: Barnes & Co., 1971, pp. 40–44.
- Dye, David. Child and Youth Actors: Filmography of Their Entire Careers, 1914–1985. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1988, pp. 40–43.
- Holmstrom, John. The Moving Picture Boy: An International Encyclopaedia from 1895 to 1995, Norwich, Michael Russell, 1996, pp. 106–107.
- Maltin, Leonard (ed.), Hollywood Kids, New York: Popular Books, 1978.
- Parish, James Robert. Great Child Stars, New York: Ace Books, 1976.
- Willson, Dixie. Little Hollywood Stars, Akron, OH; New York: Saalfield Pub. Co., 1935.
- Wise, James. Stars in Blue: Movie Actors in America's Sea Services. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997;
- Zierold, Norman J. The Child Stars, New York: Coward-McCann, 1965.
External links
- ANC Explorer
- Photographs of Jackie Cooper