The International E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe, Central Asia and Asia Minor, developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and ordinary roads (as defined by ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/3/Rev.1).
The display of European roads on signs depend on jurisdiction. In most countries, the roads carry the European route designation alongside national designations. However, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden have integrated them as their sole route designations (examples: E18 and E6) in most cases. Some places, such as the United Kingdom and Albania do not show the European designations at all.
Other continents have similar international road networks, e.g., the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway network, and the Asian Highway Network.
History
thumb|upright|right|E3 in Denmark, before 1992: Changed to [[European route E45|E45; the number E3 was re-attributed.]]
UNECE was formed in 1947, and their first major act to improve transport was a joint UN declaration no. 1264, the Declaration on the Construction of Main International Traffic Arteries, signed in Geneva on 16 September 1950, which defined the first E-road network. Originally it was envisaged that the E-road network would be a highway system comparable to the US Interstate Highway System. The declaration was amended several times until 15 November 1975, when it was replaced by the European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries or "AGR", which set up a route numbering system and improved standards for roads in the list. The AGR last went through a major change in 1992 and in 2001 was extended into Central Asia to include the Caucasus nations. There were several minor revisions since, last in 2008 ().
Numbering system
right|thumb|Intersection of [[European route E42|E42 and E451 near Frankfurt Airport]]
The route numbering system is as follows: The first E-road numbers were signed in July 2007 on the N11 bypass in Gorey. Since then they have gradually spread across the E-road network in Ireland.
- In a few European countries such as the United Kingdom, Albania, and many Asian countries such as Uzbekistan, the E-roads are not signposted at all.
Road design standards
The following design standards should be applied to Euroroutes unless there are exceptional circumstances (such as mountain passes etc.): It's about 130 km between the cities, and they are situated in different provinces and counties, so the "derby" denomination is really far fetched, and it's often joked about that HV71's meetings with the teams from Stockholm or even as far north as Luleå would be an "E4 derby" just as much.
In Norway, the band D.D.E. released a song named after E6.
List of roads
Notes to the listings
In the road listings below,
- 35px|link=European route E592 – : Krasnodar – Dzhubga
- 35px|link=European route E601 – : Niort – La Rochelle
- 35px|link=European route E602 – : La Rochelle – Saintes
- 35px|link=European route E603 – : Saintes – Angoulême – Limoges (formerly to Sculeni)
- 35px|link=European route E604 – : Tours – Vierzon
- 35px|link=European route E606 – : Angoulême – Bordeaux
- 35px|link=European route E607 – : Digoin – Chalon-sur-Saône
- 35px|link=European route E611 – : Lyon – Pont-d'Ain
- 35px|link=European route E612 – : Ivrea – Turin
- 35px|link=European route E641 – : Wörgl – St. Johann in Tirol – Lofer – Salzburg
- 35px|link=European route E651 – : Altenmarkt im Pongau – Liezen
- 35px|link=European route E652 – : Klagenfurt – Loiblpass – Naklo
- 35px|link=European route E653 – : Letenye – Tornyiszentmiklós
- 35px|link=European route E661 – : Balatonkeresztúr – Nagyatád – Barcs – Virovitica – Okučani – Banja Luka – Jajce – Donji Vakuf – Zenica
- 35px|link=European route E662 – : Subotica – Sombor – Osijek
- 35px|link=European route E671 – : Timișoara – Arad – Oradea – Satu Mare
- 35px|link=European route E673 – : Lugoj – Ilia
- 35px|link=European route E675 – : Agigea – Negru Vodă – Kardam <!--:bg:Кардам (Област Добрич)-->
- 35px|link=European route E691 – : Ashtarak – Gyumri – Ashotsk – Akhalkalaki – Akhaltsikhe – Vale, Georgia – Türkgözü – Posof – Kars – Horasan
- 35px|link=European route E692 – : Supsa – Lanchkhuti – Samtredia
- 35px|link=European route E711 – : Lyon – Grenoble
- 35px|link=European route E712 – : Geneva – Chambéry – Marseille
- 35px|link=European route E713 – : Valence – Grenoble
- 35px|link=European route E714 – : Orange – Marseille
- 35px|link=European route E717 – : Turin – Savona
- 35px|link=European route E751 – : Rijeka – Pula – Koper
- 35px|link=European route E761 – : Bihać – Jajce – Donji Vakuf – Zenica – Sarajevo – Užice – Čačak – Kraljevo – Kruševac – Pojate – Paraćin – Zaječar
- 35px|link=European route E762 – : Sarajevo – Podgorica → Albania
- 35px|link=European route E763 – : Belgrade – Čačak – Nova Varoš – Bijelo Polje
- 35px|link=European route E771 – : Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Niš
- 35px|link=European route E772 – : Yablanitsa – Veliko Tarnovo – Shumen
- 35px|link=European route E773 – : Popovica – Stara Zagora – Burgas
- 35px|link=European route E801 – : Coimbra – Viseu – Vila Real – Chaves – Verín
- 35px|link=European route E802 – : Bragança – Guarda – Castelo Branco – Portalegre – Évora – Beja – Ourique
- 35px|link=European route E803 – : Salamanca – Mérida – Seville
- 35px|link=Autopista AP-68|E804<!--- 100% shared road/signage, 100% shared article ---> – : Bilbao – Logroño – Zaragoza
- 35px|link=European route E805 – : Vila Nova de Famalicão – Chaves
- 35px|link=European route E806 – : Torres Novas – Abrantes – Castelo Branco – Guarda
- 35px|link=European route E821 – : Rome – San Cesareo
- 35px|link=European route E840 – : Sassari – Olbia ... Civitavecchia – ends at E80
- 35px|link=European route E841 – : Avellino – Salerno
- 35px|link=European route E842 – : Naples – Avellino – Benevento – Canosa di Puglia
- 35px|link=European route E843 – : Bari – Taranto
- 35px|link=European route E844 – : Spezzano Albanese – Sybaris
- 35px|link=European route E846 – : Cosenza – Crotone
- 35px|link=European route E847 – : Sicignano degli Alburni – Potenza – Metaponto
- 35px|link=European route E848 – : Sant'Eufemia Lamezia – Catanzaro
- 35px|link=European route E851 – : Petrovac → Albania → Prizren – Pristina
- 35px|link=European route E852 – : Ohrid → Albania
- 35px|link=European route E853 – : Ioannina → Albania
- 35px|link=European route E871 – : Sofia – Kyustendil – Kumanovo
- 35px|link=European route E881 – : İzmit – Bursa – Balıkesir – Manisa – İzmir – Çeşme
- 35px|link=Autovía A-3|E901<!--- 100% shared road/signage, 100% shared article ---> – : Madrid – Valencia
- 35px|link=Autovía A-44|E902<!--- 100% shared road/signage, 100% shared article ---> – : Jaén – Granada – Málaga
- 35px|link=European route E903 – : Mérida – Ciudad Real – Albacete – Alicante
- 35px|link=European route E931 – : Mazara del Vallo – Gela
- 35px|link=European route E932 – : Buonfornello – Enna – Catania
- 35px|link=European route E933 – : Alcamo – Trapani
- 35px|link=European route E951 – : Ioannina – Arta – Agrinio – Missolonghi
- 35px|link=European route E952 – : Aktio – Vonitsa – Amfilochia – Karpenisi – Lamia
- 35px|link=European route E961 – : Tripoli – Sparti – Gytheio
- 35px|link=European route E962 – : Eleusina – Thebes
- 35px|link=European route E981 – : Afyon – Konya – Junction (Aksaray-Pozantı) (on the State road linking Ankara and Mersin on E90)
- 35px|link=European route E982 – : Mersin – Junction Tarsus East (on the motorway linking Ankara and Adana on E90)
- 35px|link=European route E001 – : Tbilisi – Marneuli – Sadakhlo – Bagratashen – Vanadzor
- 35px|link=European route E002 – : Alyat – Saatly Rayon – Megri – Ordubad – Julfa – Nakhchivan – Sadarak
- 35px|link=European route E003 – : Uchkuduk – Daşoguz – Ashgabat – Gaudan
- 35px|link=European route E004 – : Kyzylorda – Uchkuduk – Bukhara (NB: most of road not built)
- 35px|link=European route E005 – : G‘uzor – Samarkand
- 35px|link=European route E006 – : Ayni – Kokand
- 35px|link=European route E007 – : Tashkent – Kokand – Andijan – Osh – Irkeshtam
- 35px|link=European route E008 – : Dushanbe – Kulob – Kalaikhumb – Khorugh – Murghab – Kulma Pass – border of China (see Pamir Highway)
- 35px|link=European route E009 – : Jirgatal – Khorugh – Ishkoshim – Lyanga – China
- 35px|link=European route E010 – : Osh – Bishkek
- 35px|link=European route E011 – : Kokpek – Kegen – Tyup
- 35px|link=European route E012 – : Almaty – Kokpek – Chundzha – Koktal – Khorgas
- 35px|link=European route E013 – : Sary-Ozek – Koktal
- 35px|link=European route E014 – : Usharal – Druzhba
- 35px|link=European route E015 – : Taskesken – Bakhty
- 35px|link=European route E016 – : Zapadnoe – Zhaksy – Atbasar – Astana
- 35px|link=European route E017 – : Yelabuga – Ufa
- 35px|link=European route E018 – : Jezkazgan – Karaganda – Pavlodar – Uspenovka
- 35px|link=European route E019 – : Petropavl – Zapadnoe
Records
thumb|right|An aerial view of the [[European route E12 between the cities of Tampere and Helsinki in Finland]]
- E80, together with Asian Highway 1, crosses all of Europe and Asia, linking Lisbon with Tokyo.
- The longest E-road is E40, which is more than long, connecting France with Kazakhstan.
- The shortest E-road is E844, , in the Italian region of Calabria
- Northernmost is E69, North Cape, Norway, 71°10' N
- Westernmost is E1, Lisbon, Portugal, 9°10' W
- Southernmost is E75, Crete, Greece, 35°6' N
- Easternmost is E127, Maykapshagay, Kazakhstan, 85°36' E
- The highest E-road is E008 which reaches altitude in the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan.
- The highest E-road in Europe is E62 reaching at the Simplon Pass, Switzerland.
- The lowest E-road is E39 which reaches below sea level in the Bømlafjord Tunnel, Norway.
- The longest bridge on an E-road is the Crimean Bridge on E97 which is .
- The longest tunnel on an E-road is the Lærdal Tunnel (in Norway) on E16 which is , the longest road tunnel in the world. E16 includes 60 tunnels, covering about 15% of the road's within Norway.
- The E39 includes 9 ferry crossings.
- The E39 includes 90 tunnels, 6% of the road's within Norway.
Historical numbering
These were the historical roads before 1975:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Number
!Start
!via
!End
|-
|E1
|London
| – Southampton – Le Havre – Paris – Lyon – Nice – Ventimiglia – Genoa – La Spezia – Pisa – Livorno – Rome – Naples – Salerno – Reggio di Calabria – Messina –
|Palermo
|-
|E2
|London
| – Dover – Calais – Reims – Dijon – Dole – Lausanne – Simplon – Milan – Parma – Modena – Bologna – Ancona – Foggia – Bari –
|Brindisi
|-
|E3
|Lisbon
| – Salamanca – San Sebastián – Bordeaux – Paris – Lille – Gent – Antwerp – Eindhoven – Venlo – Oberhausen – Bielefeld – Hanover – Hamburg – Flensburg – Kolding – Frederikshavn – Gothenburg – Arboga –
|Stockholm
|-
|E4
|Lisbon
| – Elvas – Mérida – Madrid – Zaragoza – Barcelona – Nîmes – Chambéry – Genf – Lausanne – Bern – Basel – Karlsruhe – Frankfurt (Main) – Kassel – Göttingen – Hanover – Hamburg – Lübeck – Fehmarn – Vordingborg – Copenhagen – Helsingør – Helsingborg – Jönköping – Stockholm – Uppsala – Sundsvall – Umeå – Tornio – Lahti –
|Helsinki
|-
|E5
|London
| – Dover – Calais – Gent – Brussels – Liège – Cologne – Frankfurt (Main) – Würzburg – Nuremberg – Passau – Linz – Melk – Vienna – Nickelsdorf – Győr – Budapest – Szeged – Belgrade – Gevgelija – Thessaloniki – Alexandroupolis – Peplos – Ipsala – Silivri – Istanbul – İzmit – Bolu – Ankara – Aksaray – Adana – İskenderun –
|Turkey/Syria border
|-
|E6
|Rome
| – Florence – Bologna – Modena – Verona – Trento – Brenner – Innsbruck – Griesen – Munich – Nuremberg – Hof – Leipzig – Berlin – Stralsund – Sassnitz – Trelleborg – Malmö – Helsingborg – Gothenburg – Svinesund – Oslo – Hamar – Otta – Trondheim – Mo i Rana – Alta
|Kirkenes
|-
|E7
|Rome
| – Perugia – Forlì – Bologna – Ferrara – Padua – Mestre – Cervignano – Udine – Villach – Bruck an der Mur – Vienna – Brno – Český Těšín – Kraków –
|Warsaw
|-
|E8
|London
| – Harwich – Hook of Holland – The Hague – Utrecht – Osnabrück – Hanover – Magdeburg – Berlin – Poznan – Krośniewice – Warsaw –
|Poland/USSR border
|-
|E9
|Amsterdam
| – Maastricht – Liège – Arlon – Luxembourg – Metz – Strasbourg – Mulhouse – Basel – Olten – Luzern – Andermatt – (Gotthard) – Lugano – Chiasso – Como – Milan – Tortona –
|Genoa
|-
|E10
|Paris
| – Cambrai – Brussels – Antwerp – Rotterdam – The Hague –
|Amsterdam
|-
|E11
|Paris
| – Saint-Dizier – Nancy – Strasbourg – Karlsruhe – Stuttgart – Munich –
|Salzburg
|-
|E12
|Paris
| – Metz – Saarbrücken – Mannheim – Nuremberg – Plzeň – Prague – Náchod – Kłodzko – Łódź – Warsaw – Białystok –
|Moscow
|-
|E13
|Lyon
| – Modena – Turin – Milan – Brescia – Verona – Padua –
|Venice
|-
|E14
|Trieste
| – Ronchi – Udine – Villach – Salzburg – Linz – Tábor – Prague – Jablonec –
|Szczecin
|-
|E15
|Hamburg
| – Berlin – Dresden – Zinnwald – Prague – Brno – Břeclav – Bratislava –
|Budapest
|-
|E16
|Bratislava
| – Český Těšín – Katowice – Łódź – Gdańsk –
|Gdynia
|-
|E17
|Chagny
| – Dijon – Basel – Zürich – Winterthur – St. Gallen – St. Margarethen – Innsbruck – Wörgl –
|Salzburg
|-
|E18
|Stavanger
| – Kristiansand – Larvik – Oslo – Karlstad – Arboga – Köping –
|Stockholm
|-
|E19
|Albania/Greece border
| – Ioannina – Arta – Agrinio – Antirion – Rion –
|Corinth
|-
|E20
|Koritza
| – Vari – Edessa – Thessaloniki –
|Sofia
|-
|E21
|Aosta
| – Turin –
|Savona
|-
|E21a
|Martigny
| – Grosser St. Bernhard –
|Aosta
|-
|E21b
|Geneva
| – Bonneville – Mont-Blanc –
|Aosta
|-
|E22
|Berlin
| – Wrocław – Opole – Bytom – Kraków – Rzeszów – Przemyśl –
|Poland/USSR border
|-
|E23
|Ankara
| – Kirsehir – Kayseri – Sivas – Erzincan – Erzurum – Agri –
|Turkey/Iran border
|-
|E24
|Kömürler
| – Gaziantep – Urfa – Mardin – Cizre – Hakkari – Bajerge –
|Turkey/Iran border
|-
|E25
|Burgos
| – Madrid – Bailén – Sevilla – Cádiz –
|Algeciras
|-
|E26
|Barcelona
| – Tarragona – Castellón de la Plana – Valencia – Granada – Málaga –
|Algeciras
|-
|E31
|London
| – St. Albans – Northampton – Doncaster – Scotch Corner – Carlisle – Abington –
|Glasgow
|-
|E32
|Abington
|
|Edinburgh
|-
|E33
|Northampton
| – Coventry – Cannock – Warrington –
|Liverpool
|-
|E34
|Amsterdam
| – Cannock – Shrewsbury – Corwen –
|Holyhead
|-
|E35
|Amsterdam
| – Amersfoort – Zwolle – Groningen – Winschoten – Oldenburg –
|Hamburg
|-
|E36
|Hook of Holland
| – Rotterdam – Gouda – Utrecht – Arnhem – Oberhausen –
|Cologne
|-
|E37
|Breda
| – Gorinchem –
|Utrecht
|-
|E38
|Breda
|
|Eindhoven
|-
|E39
|Antwerp
| – Heerlen –
|Aachen
|-
|E40
|Brussels
| – Namur –
|Bastogne
|-
|E41
|Calais
| – Valenciennes – Mons – Charleroi – Namur –
| Liège
|-
|E42
|Phalsbourg
| – Sarreguemines – Saarbrücken – Luxembourg – Echternach – Bitburg – Prüm – Euskirchen –
|Cologne
|-
|E43
|Avallon
|
|Dijon
|-
|E44
|Belfort
|
|Mulhouse
|-
|E45
|Dole
| – La Curs – La Faucille – Gex –
|Geneva
|-
|E46
|Lyon
| – Amberieu –
|Geneva
|-
|E47
|Aix-en-Provence
|
|Marseille
|-
|E48
|Nîmes
|
|Marseille
|-
|E49
|Bordeaux
| – Toulouse –
|Narbonne
|-
|E50
|Coimbra
| – Porto – Vigo – A Coruña – Oviedo – Santander – Bilbao –
|San Sebastián
|-
|E51
|Albergaria a Velha
| – Viseu –
|Celorico da Beira
|-
|E52
|Vila Franca de Xira
| – Pegões – Beja – Vila Verde de Ficalho – Rosal de la Frontera –
|Sevilla
|-
|E53
|Turin
| – Asti – Alessandria –
|Tortona
|-
|E54
|Canteggio
|
|Piacenza
|-
|E55
|Pisa
| – Migliarino –
|Pistoia
|-
|E56
|Ponte-Garigliano
| – Caserta –
|Foggia
|-
|E57
|Naples
|
|Arienzo
|-
|E58
|Bari
|
|Tarent
|-
|E59
|Messina
|
|Syracuse
|-
|E60
|Arth
|
|Zürich
|-
|E61
|Bellinzona
| – San Bernardino – Chur – St. Margrethen – Bregenz – Lindau –
|Munich
|-
|E62
|Hof
| – Karl-Marx-Stadt – Leipzig – Halle –
|Magdeburg
|-
|E63
|Hamm
| – Kassel – Herleshausen – Erfurt – Karl-Marx-Stadt –
|Dresden
|-
|E64
|Berlin
| – Neubrandenburg – Rostock – Warnemünde – Gedser – Nykøbing – Vordingborg –
|Copenhagen
|-
|E65
|Lübeck
| – Rostock –
|Stralsund
|-
|E66
|Esbjerg
| – Kolding – Middelfart – Nyborg – Korsør – Copenhagen –
|Malmö
|-
|E67
|Vejle
|
|Middelfart
|-
|E68
|Bergen
| – Gudvangen – Laerdalsöyra – Nystua – Fagernes –
|Oslo
|-
|E69
|Ålesund
| – Åndalsnes –
|Dombås
|-
|E70
|Winterthur
| – Schaffhausen – Donaueschingen – Tübingen – Stuttgart – Heilbronn – Schwäbisch Hall – Würzburg – Fulda – Hersfeld –
|Herleshausen
|-
|E71
|Hanover
| – Bremen –
|Bremerhaven
|-
|E72
|Oldenzaal
| – Lingen –
|Bremen
|-
|E73
|Cologne
|
|Hamm
|-
|E74
|Berlin
|
|Szczecin
|-
|E75
|Stjördal
| – Storlien – Östersund –
|Sundsvall
|-
|E77
|Feldkirch
|
|Buchs
|-
|E78
|Tornio
|
|Kilpisjärvi
|-
|E79
|Vaasa
| – Tampere –
|Helsinki
|-
|E80
|Turku
| – Helsinki – Lappeenranta –
|Imatra
|-
|E81
|Gdańsk
| – Elbląg – Ostróda – Mława – Warsaw – Lublin –
|Poland/USSR border
|-
|E82
|Piotrków Trybunalski
|
|Warsaw
|-
|E83
|Jelenia Gora
| – Wrocław – Poznań – Świecie –
|Grudziądz
|-
|E84
|Prague
| – Jihlava – Znojmo –
|Vienna
|-
|E85
|Olomouc
| – Žilina – Prešov – Košice –
|Romania/Bulgaria border
|-
|E86
|Wörgl
|
|Rosenheim
|-
|E87
|Ioannina
| – Trikkala – Larissa –
|Volos
|-
|E88
|Ioannina
|
|Preveza
|-
|E89
|Rion
|
|Patras
|-
|E90
|Vevi
|
|Kozani
|-
|E91
|Cervignano
|
|Ronchi
|-
|E92
|Thessaloniki
| – Aghios Athanasios – Verria – Kozani – Larissa – Lamia – Athens – Corinth – Argos –
|Kalamai
|-
|E93
|Bruck an der Mur
| – Graz – Spielfeld – Sentilj – Maribor –
|Ljubljana
|-
|E94
|Klagenfurt
| – Loibltunnel – Ljubljana – Zagreb – Belgrad – Bela Crkva –
|Yugoslavia/Romania border
|-
|E95
|Nis
| – Dimitrovgrad –
|Yugoslavia/Bulgaria border
|-
|E96
|Rijeka
| – Zagreb – Čakovec – Donja Lendava –
|Yugoslavia/Hungary border
|-
|E97
|Bulgaria/Turkey border
| – Edirne – Büyükkarıştıran –
|Silivri
|-
|E98
|Kemerhisar
| – Niğde –
|Kayseri
|-
|E99
|Toprakkale
| – Kahramanmaraş – Malatya – Elazığ – Tunceli –
|Selepür
|-
|E101
|Madrid
|
|Valencia
|-
|E102
|Mérida
|
|Link with E52
|-
|E103
|Bailén
|– Granada – Motril –
|Málaga
|}
See also
<!-- alphabetical order please -->
<!-- please add a short description WP:SEEALSO, via or -->
- National Road network (Netherlands) a former system devised to complement the E-road network at a national level:
- Other intercontinental highway systems:
Notes
References
External links
- European roads and cities map built on OpenStreetMap's data
- EU Transport Networks home page
- UNECE document ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/03/Rev1 "European On Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR)"; 1 November 2016 (PDF file, official E route list starting at p. 9)
- Map of E-road network - UNECE document (2007)
- Routes in Benelux as well as E routes in Europe
- Trans-Global Highway and the Eur-Africa Friendship Tunnel