thumb|right|upright=1.3|The [[Palace of the Marqués del Apartado, in Mexico City, houses the main headquarters of the INAH.]]
The National Institute of Anthropology and History (, INAH) is a Mexican federal government bureau established in 1939 to guarantee the research, preservation, protection, and promotion of the prehistoric, archaeological, anthropological, historical, and paleontological heritage of Mexico. Its creation has played a key role in preserving Mexican cultural heritage. Its current national headquarters are housed in the Palace of the Marqués del Apartado in Mexico City.
INAH and the National Institute of Fine Arts and Literature (INBAL) are tasked with cataloging and protecting monuments and buildings regarded as cultural patrimony. INAH is entrusted with 'archaeological' (pre-Hispanic and paleontological) and 'historical' (post-Conquest 16th to 19th centuries) structures, zones and remnants, while INBAL is entrusted with 'artistic' buildings and monuments (properties that are of significant aesthetic value as deemed by a commission).