Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party

The Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party (), known mostly by its acronym FKgP or its shortened form Independent Smallholders' Party (), is a political party in Budapest, Hungary.

During its existence, the party participated in the establishment of Hungarian democracy after World War II and the Third Republic. After the change of regime, it participated in the government for two terms (1990–1994 and 1998–2002). Since the 2002 parliamentary elections, the party has not won any seats in the parliament.

Index includes the FKgP among the fake parties, as it received fewer votes than it collected recommendations. Liquidation proceedings were initiated against the party in 2021.

History

Founded on 12 October 1930 after splitting from the Unity Party, the party was one of the largest anti-fascist opposition parties in the 1930s and during World War II. Representing the interests of landed peasants along with some poor peasants and urban middle class, it advocated for land reform and democratization. Its members opposed Hungary's participation in World War II, giving anti-fascist speeches in Parliament and leading rallies as late as 1943. During the German occupation of Hungary, its members took part in the clandestine anti-fascist resistance movement, and played a major role in the provisional government established in the Soviet-occupied zone of the country. At this time it absorbed several other parties and became quite heterogenous, with tendencies ranging from right-wing to left wing.

The original party won a majority in the first elections after the Second World War, resulting in its leader, Zoltán Tildy, becoming prime minister. In the elections in November 1945, the Smallholders' polled 57% of votes against the Communists' 17%. Despite this victory, the Soviet-dominated Allied Control Commission forced the winning party into a grand coalition government with the other parties including the Communists. The Smallholders-dominated parliament established a republic in 1946 with Tildy as president. He was succeeded as prime minister by Ferenc Nagy. Meanwhile, the Communists had formed a "Left Bloc" with the Social Democrats and National Peasants, opposed to the majority Smallholders on every issue with the intent of creating deadlock and facilitating the latter's breakup. Their first demand was the expulsion of twenty "reactionaries" from the Smallholder-led coalition. These people went on to form the Hungarian Freedom Party, the most vocal opposition force over the next year.

From December 1946, the Communists exaggerated a minor intrigue involving several anti-Communist politicians to accuse vast swaths of the Smallholders' Party of complicity in a reactionary plot. The Communist political police (ÁVO) began to arrest hundreds of Smallholders' Party members, ultimately depriving that party of its elected majority in Parliament.

On August 3, 2021, Kuruc.info published an article in which they revealed that the national court initiated liquidation proceedings against the party for its massive debts. The article also revealed that all the remaining members of the party would run in 2022 elections on the list of Our Homeland Movement.

Party leaders

{| class="wikitable"

! Image

! Name

! Entered office

! Left office

! Image

! Name

! Entered office

! Left office

! 1

|60px

| Bálint Szijj

| 1930

| 1931

! 10

|60px

| Tivadar Pártay

| 1988

| 1989

! 2

|60px

| Gaszton Gaál

| 1931

| 1932

! 11

|60px

| Vince Vörös

| 1989

| 1990

! 3

|60px

| Tibor Eckhardt

| 1932

| 1940

! 12

| Ferenc József Nagy

| 1990

| 1991

! 4

|60px

| Zoltán Tildy

| 1940

| 1944

! 13

|60px

| József Torgyán

| 1991

| 2002

! 5

|60px

| István Balogh

| 1944

| 1945

! 14

|60px

| Miklós Réti

| 2002

| 2005

! 6

|60px

| Zoltán Tildy

| 1945

| 1946

! 15

|60px

| Péter Hegedűs

| 2005

| 2017

! 7

|60px

| Ferenc Nagy

| 1946

| 1947

! 16

|60px

| Károly Balogh

| 2017

| 2018

! 8

|60px

| István Dobi

| 1947

| 1949

! 17

|60px

| Roland Hajdara

| 2018

| 2020

! 9

| Béla Kovács

| 1956

! 18

|60px

| Károly Balogh

| 2020

| 2021

Election results

National Assembly

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px;"

! rowspan="2" style="width:60px;"| Election

! colspan="3"| Votes

! colspan="2"| Seats

! rowspan="2" style="width:30px;"| Rank

! rowspan="2" style="width:145px;"| Government

! rowspan="2"| Leader

! style="width:75px;"| #

! style="width:45px;"| %

! style="width:48px;"| ±pp

! style="width:100px;"| #

! style="width:40px;"| +/−

! 1931

| 173,477

|style="text-align:center;"| 11.48%

| –

| 4th

| Gaszton Gaál

! 1935

| 387,351

|style="text-align:center;"| 19.62%

| 8.14

| 12

| 2nd

| Tibor Eckhardt

! 1939

| 569,054

|style="text-align:center;"| 14,56%

| 5.06

| 8

| 3rd

| Tibor Eckhardt

! 1944

| n/a

| 110

| 3rd

| n/a

! 1945

| 2,697,262

|style="text-align:center;"| 57.03%

| 42.47

| 121

| 1st

| Zoltán Tildy

! rowspan="2" | 1947

| rowspan="2" | 766,000

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 15.34%

| rowspan="2" | 41.69

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" | 177

| rowspan="2" | 2nd

| rowspan="2" | Lajos Dinnyés

! 19491

|style="text-align:center;"| 5,478,515

|style="text-align:center;"| 97.1%

| 81.76

| 6

| 1st

| Mátyás Rákosi

|colspan="9" style="background: #C0C0C0"|

! rowspan="2" | 1990

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 576,256

| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 11.74%

| rowspan="2" | –

| rowspan="2" |

| rowspan="2" | 3rd

| rowspan="2" | Vince Vörös

! 1994

|style="text-align:center;"| 476,416

|style="text-align:center;"| 8.82%

| 2.92

| 18

| 4th

| József Torgyán

! 1998

|style="text-align:center;"| 617,740

|style="text-align:center;"| 13.78%

| 4.96

| 22

| 3rd

| József Torgyán

! 2002

|style="text-align:center;"| 42,338

|style="text-align:center;"| 0.75%

| 13.03

| 48

| 6th

| extra-parliamentary

| Miklós Réti

! 2006

|style="text-align:center;"| 838

|style="text-align:center;"| 0.02%

| 0.73

| 0

| 16th

| extra-parliamentary

| Péter Hegedűs

! 2010

|style="text-align:center;"| 381

|style="text-align:center;"| 0.01%

| 0.01

| 0

| 19th

| extra-parliamentary

| Péter Hegedűs

! 2014

|style="text-align:center;"| 7,426

|style="text-align:center;"| 0.16%

| 0.15

| 0

| 16th

| extra-parliamentary

| Péter Hegedűs

! 2018

|style="text-align:center;"| 1,580

|style="text-align:center;"| 0.03%

| 0.13

| 0

| 39th

| extra-parliamentary

| Károly Balogh

1FKGP was a member of the Communist-led Hungarian Independence People's Front (MFN). Hungary became a one-party state after the 1949 election.

References

External links

Official website