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Hubbard Glacier (Lingít: Sít' Tlein) is a glacier located in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve in eastern Alaska and Kluane National Park and Reserve in Yukon, Canada, and named after Gardiner Hubbard.

Geography

thumb|left|300px|Map of Hubbard Glacier

thumb|left|300px|Hubbard Glacier, [[Alaska, squeezes towards Gilbert Point on May 20, 2002. The glacier is close to sealing off Russell Fjord at top from Disenchantment Bay at bottom.]]

The longest source for Hubbard Glacier originates from its snout and is located at about , approximately west of Mount Walsh with an elevation around . A shorter tributary glacier begins at the easternmost summit on the Mount Logan ridge at about at about .

Before it reaches the sea, Hubbard is joined by the Valerie Glacier to the west, which, through forward surges of its own ice, has contributed to the advance of the ice flow that experts believe will eventually dam the Russell Fjord from Disenchantment Bay waters.

The Hubbard Glacier ice margin has continued to advance for about a century. In May 1986, the Hubbard Glacier surged forward, blocking the outlet of Russell Fjord and creating Russell Lake. All that summer, the new lake filled with runoff; its water level rose , and the decrease in salinity threatened its sea life.

Around midnight on October 8, the dam began to give way. In the next 24 hours, an estimated of water gushed through the gap, and the fjord was reconnected to the ocean at its previous level. This was the largest glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) in recorded history. The fjord could become dammed again, and perhaps permanently. If this happens, the fjord could overflow its southern banks and drain through the Situk River instead, threatening trout habitat and a local airport.

It takes about 400 years for ice to traverse the length of the glacier, meaning that the ice at the foot of the glacier is about 400 years old. The glacier routinely calves off icebergs the size of a ten-story building. Where the glacier meets the bay, most of the ice is below the waterline, and newly calved icebergs can shoot up quite dramatically, so that ships must keep their distance from the edge of the glacier in Disenchantment Bay.

A magnitude M7 earthquake was recorded on 6 December 2025, with significant risks for landslides.

thumb|The Hubbard Glacier in Disenchantment Bay, Alaska In June of 2022

Collision

On June 25, 2022, the cruise ship Norwegian Sun collided into a growler (a chunk of ice smaller than an iceberg) in foggy conditions as it approached the Hubbard Glacier for sightseeing. The ship was damaged but it was considered safe. It cut its cruise itinerary short and sailed back to Juneau for assessment, and then Seattle for repairs without further incident.

MV Hubbard

The Alaska Marine Highway System ferry MV Hubbard is named after Hubbard Glacier. This name was chosen by local student Taylor Thompson, whose essay won Alaska's name-the-new-ferry contest.

See also

  • Glacial lake outburst flood
  • Ice calving

References

<gallery class="center">

Image:HubbardGlacierFar.jpg|The glacier from a distance

Image:HAL_Hubbard.JPG|Holland America Line's passing Turner Glacier while leaving Disenchantment Bay

Image:Hubbard_Ice.JPG|Hubbard Glacier and icebergs formed by calving

Image:HubbardGlacierBoat.jpg|Closeup of Hubbard Glacier

Image:Hubbard Glacier Alaska.jpg|The glacier relatively close

Glaciar Hubbard, Alaska, Estados Unidos, 2017-08-20, DD 16-21 PAN.jpg|Panoramic view

</gallery>

center|800px|Panoramic view of the glacier

  • Earthshots: Satellite Images of Environmental Change, U.S. Geological Survey
  • Google Maps: Interactive satellite view of where Hubbard Glacier meets the sea
  • U.S. Geological Survey: Sequence of photographs showing the 2002 ice blockage and breakthrough