Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X (, also spelled as Hamengkubuwana X, often abbreviated as HB X; born Bendara Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito, 2 April 1946) is the Sultan of the historic Yogyakarta Sultanate in Indonesia. Since 1998, he has also served as Governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta ().

Hamengkubuwono X succeeded his father, Hamengkubuwono IX, as the Sultan of Yogyakarta when Hamengkubuwono IX died on 3 October 1988. Hamengkubuwono X was formally installed as Sultan on 7 March 1989. However, the position of the Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region did not go to Hamengkubuwono X. Vice Governor Sri Paku Alam VIII, prince of the subordinate enclave of Paku Alaman within Yogyakarta, was instead controversially elevated to the position of governor. This was contrary to the agreement made at the time of Indonesia's independence in recognition of Hamengkubuwono IX's support and role in the Indonesian War of Independence. Under the agreement, the Sultan holds the position of governor in the Yogyakarta Special Region, and the Paku Alam holds the position of vice governor.

On 30 August 2012, following a decade of talks between Yogyakarta and the central government, the national legislature of Indonesia formally enshrined in law the convention that the Sultan inherited the position of governor.

Biography

thumb|Formal portrait, 1989

Hamengkubuwono X's parents were Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and his wife Raden Ajeng Siti Kustina (Bandara Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Kanjeng Raden Ayu Widyaningrum/Raden Ayu Adipati Anum).

Hamengkubuwono X resides in the Keraton Yogyakarta complex and uses the Governor's mansion solely for political affairs.

Titles and honours

Titles

In Javanese Kraton (the equivalent of palaces), the names of individuals change with respect to a change in status:

  • From birth until marriage: Bendoro Raden Mas Herjuno Darpito
  • Post-nuptial until appointment as Crown Prince: Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya (KGPH) Mangkubumi
  • As Heir Apparent Crown Prince: Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Anom (KGPAAn) Hamengku Negara Sudibya Raja Putra Nalendra Mataram.
  • As Sultan: Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Kangjeng Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono Senapati ing Ngalogo Ngabdurrokhman Sayidin Panatagama Khalifatullah ingkang jumeneng kaping X<!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family --><!-- defined by:Template:Yogyakarta Royal Family -->

National honours

  • :
  • 60px Star of Mahaputera (3rd Class) () (2007)
  • 60px Civil Servants' Long Service Medal () (30 years)
  • 60px Civil Servants' Long Service Medal () (20 years)
  • 60px Civil Servants' Long Service Medal () (10 years)
  • 60px Medal for Contributing in the National Development ()
  • 60px Medal for Providing an Example of Meritorious Personality ()
  • 60px Medal for Service in the Field of Social Welfare ()
  • 60px Badge of Melati
  • 60px Badge of Dharma Bhakti
  • 60px Badge of Pancawarsa IV
  • 60px Badge of Pancawarsa VII

Foreign honours

  • 60px Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria - 1996
  • :
  • 60px Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star - 2022
  • :
  • 60px Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau
  • Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws, University of Tasmania, Australia (2015)

See also

  • List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
  • Kejawèn religion

Notes

References

  • YogYes Official Yogyakarta Tourism website
  • Official Website for Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono X
  • AsiaWeek - The sultan of Yogyakarta is a modern reformer
  • In Indonesian