Háromszék (Three Seats; Romanian: Trei Scaune) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Situated in south-eastern Transylvania, its territory is now in central Romania (in the counties of Covasna and Brașov. The capital of the county was Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe).

Geography

thumb|left|alt=Map of Háromszék county in the Kingdom of Hungary|Map of Háromszék, 1891.

Háromszék county shared borders with Romania and the Hungarian counties Csík, Udvarhely, Nagy-Küküllő, and Brassó. The river Olt flowed through the county. The Carpathian Mountains formed its southern and eastern border. Its area was around 1910.

History

Háromszék means "three seats". Háromszék County was a combination of three seats of the Székelys: Kézdiszék, Orbaiszék, and Sepsiszék (plus some villages of the former Felső-Fehér County). The county was formed in 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed.

In 1920, under the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of the Kingdom of Romania under the name Trei Scaune. After the Second Vienna Award of August 1940, the county was recreated with most of its historic territory as it became part of the Northern Transylvania territory of Hungary again until October 1944, towards the end of World War II.

Afterward, it became part of Romania again; its territory lies mainly in the present Romanian county of Covasna, with a small part in the south being part of Brașov County.

Demographics

thumb|right|200 px|Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description)

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Population by mother tongue

! Census !! Total !! Hungarian !! Romanian !! Other or unknown

|-

! 1880

| 125,277 || 104,607 (86.57%) || 15,448 (12.78%) || 783 (0.65%)

|-

! 1890

| 130,008 || 110,799 (85.22%) || 17,360 (13.35%) || 1,849 (1.42%)

|-

! 1900

| 137,261 || 116,755 (85.06%) || 19,439 (14.16%) || 1,067 (0.78%)

|-

! 1910

| 148,080 || 123,518 (83.41%) || 22,963 (15.51%) || 1,599 (1.08%)

|-

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Population by religion

! Census !! Total !! Calvinist !! Roman Catholic !! Eastern Orthodox !! Unitarian !! Greek Catholic !! Other or unknown

|-

! 1880

| 125,277 || 54,548 (43.54%) || 41,468 (33.10%) || 21,338 (17.03%) || 5,029 (4.01%) || 1,962 (1.57%) || 932 (0.74%)

|-

! 1890

| 130,008 || 55,869 (42.97%) || 43,224 (33.25%) || 22,529 (17.33%) || 4,985 (3.83%) || 2,404 (1.85%) || 997 (0.77%)

|-

! 1900

| 137,261 || 57,861 (42.15%) || 45,681 (33.28%) || 24,761 (18.04%) || 5,102 (3.72%) || 2,465 (1.80%) || 1,391 (1.01%)

|-

! 1910

| 148,080 || 60,030 (40.54%) || 49,654 (33.53%) || 28,077 (18.96%) || 5,228 (3.53%) || 3,052 (2.06%) || 2,039 (1.38%)

|-

|}

Subdivisions

right|400px

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Háromszék county were:

{| class="wikitable"

!colspan=2|Districts (járás)

|-

! District!! Capital

|-

| Kézdi||Kézdivásárhely (now Târgu Secuiesc)

|-

| Miklósvár||Nagyajta (now Aita Mare)

|-

| Orbai||Kovászna (now Covasna)

|-

| Sepsi||Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe)

|-

!colspan=2| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)

|-

|colspan=2|Kézdivásárhely (now Târgu Secuiesc)

|-

|colspan=2|Sepsiszentgyörgy (now Sfântu Gheorghe)

|-

|}

Notes

References

  • Map of the county
  • Kézdivásárhely Info Centrum