Greenfield is a village in Highland and Ross counties, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,339. Greenfield is also home to the Greenfield Exempted Village School District.

History

Greenfield was named for its rural appearance, and was founded by General Duncan McArthur in 1799.

Most of Greenfield's early settlers moved to Ohio to work in anti-slavery efforts. In April 1833, the Abolition Society of Paint Valley was founded. Its main effort was to educate and do missionary work in the stance of ending slavery. The Abolition Society of Paint Valley was later disbanded but was quickly re-organized as the Greenfield Antislavery Society. Records become thin due to the large number of citizens helping African Americans to gain freedom. Other industries in Greenfield include Ruckers Quarry, which day and night quarried stone such as limestone on a large scale for the Cincinnati market. It was the first school in Ohio to have an indoor swimming pool, which is still there today, with minor construction revisions.

In 1988, the 29.5-mile railroad line connecting the city to the national rail network was scheduled to be decommissioned, but Greenfield bought it for $2.4 million and kept it operational in order to retain a transportation outlet for the local manufacturing industry. This also made the city the smallest in the U.S. to own its own rail line.

Historic sites

Much of Greenfield's early history concentrates on the Travellers' Rest Inn at the eastern end of Jefferson Street. Constructed in 1812, it was the village's first stone building. It also served as its first post office, and was the space for its first doctor's office. Now operated as a museum, the inn is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Samuel Smith House and Tannery is also listed on the National Register.

Geography

Greenfield is located almost entirely in Highland County.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.

Climate

Greenfield receives an annual average of 38 inches of rain, and averages 25 inches of snow. Both averages are very similar to those of the United States. Greenfield averages 173 sunny days and 128 rainy days. The average high temperature in July is 84 degrees and the average low in January is 20.6 degrees.

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, Greenfield had a population of 4,339. The median age was 39.9 years. 24.4% of residents were under the age of 18 and 19.2% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 87.7 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 87.3 males age 18 and over.

97.3% of residents lived in urban areas, while 2.7% lived in rural areas.

There were 1,784 households in Greenfield, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 31.4% were married-couple households, 21.4% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 34.4% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. of 2010, there were 4,639 people, 1,829 households, and 1,148 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 2,141 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% White, 1.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 1,829 households, of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.4% were married couples living together, 17.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.2% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.07.

The median age in the city was 37.1 years. 25.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 24.4% were from 45 to 64; and 15.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census

As of the census

Greenfield has a public library, a branch of the Highland County District Library.

Notable people

  • Samuel McChord Crothers, essayist and Unitarian divine
  • Otway Curry, poet and legislator
  • David T. Daniels, Director of the Ohio Department of Agriculture
  • Don Grate, professional baseball and basketball player
  • Noble Edward Irwin, United States Navy rear admiral
  • Wenona Marlin, suffragist
  • Brad Martin, country music artist
  • David Noggle, jurist
  • Charles Richard Patterson, African-American carriage manufacturer and civil rights activist.
  • Frederick Patterson, the first African-American automobile manufacturer
  • Johnny Paycheck, country singer

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File:GreenfieldOhio1.JPG|Greenfield corporation limit sign

File:Clock Tower Greenfield Ohio.jpg|Clock tower in central Greenfield

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References