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right|300px|thumb|Dust storm over Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea to the west, Iran and Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the north-east, and Kazakhstan to the north-west. It is the southernmost republic of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the loose federation created at the end of 1991 by most of the post-Soviet states.
The geographic coordinates are between 35°08' and 42°48' north latitude, 52°27' and 66°41' east longitude. Its longest border is with the Caspian Sea (). and its lowest point being the Akjagaýa Depression in Sarygamysh Lake, close to below sea level (the actual water level in Sarygamysh Lake fluctuates widely from –110 m at its shallowest to –60 m (). Mount Arlan rises sharply above sea level in the Great Balkan Range in western Turkmenistan (Balkan Province), and has a topographical prominence only slightly shorter than its height.
Examples
Hydrological conditions
Almost 80% of the territory of Turkmenistan lacks a constant source of surface water flow.
Area and boundaries
;Area:
:*total:
:**country rank in the world: 52nd
:*land:
:*water:
;Area — comparative:
:* slightly larger than Cameroon
:* Australia comparative: slightly less than half the size of South Australia
:* Canada comparative: slightly larger than the Yukon
:* United Kingdom comparative: approximately twice the size of the United Kingdom
:* United States comparative: slightly less than twice the size of Wyoming
:* EU comparative: slightly smaller than Spain
;Land boundaries:
:*total:
:**border countries: Afghanistan , Iran , Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan
;Coastline:
:*0 km
:**Note: Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea. Its coastline with the Caspian Sea is .
;Maritime claims:
: Border disputes with Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Iran
Resources
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt
Land use:
<br>arable land: 3.89%
<br>permanent crops: 0.12%
<br>other: 95.98% (2011)
Irrigated land: (2006)
Total renewable water resources: (2011)