Foreign relations of Uzbekistan

thumb|[[Embassy of Uzbekistan in Washington, D.C.]]

Uzbekistan joined the Commonwealth of Independent States in December 1991. However, it is opposed to reintegration and withdrew from the CIS collective security arrangement in 1999. Since that time, Uzbekistan has participated in the CIS peacekeeping force in Tajikistan and in United Nations-organized groups to help solve the Tajik and Afghan conflicts, both of which it sees as posing threats to its own stability. Uzbekistan is an active supporter of U.S. efforts against worldwide terrorism and joined the coalitions which have dealt with both Afghanistan and Iraq (although, in 2005, relations with the U.S. were strained after the May 2005 unrest and Uzbekistan demanded that the U.S. leave Karshi-Khanabad). It is a member of the United Nations, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Partnership for Peace, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). It belongs to the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the Economic Cooperation Organization, which comprises 7 Central Asian countries: Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. It is a founding member of and remains involved in the Central Asian Union, formed with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, joined in March 1998 by Tajikistan.

In 1999, Uzbekistan joined the GUAM alliance (Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova), which was formed in 1997 (temporarily making it GUUAM until Uzbekistan withdrew in 2005). Uzbekistan is also a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and hosts the SCO's Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent. Uzbekistan is also candidate state of the new Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Uzbekistan maintains diplomatic relations with:

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Egypt has an embassy in Tashkent since 1993.

|- valign="top"

|||20 September 2025||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 September 2025.
Kenya is accredited to Uzbekistan from its embassy in Tehran.

|- valign="top"

|||12 August 1992||

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.
South Africa is accredited to Uzbekistan from its embassy in Ankara.

|- valign="top"

|||No formal diplomatic relations||

In 2024, the aviation authorities of Tanzania and Uzbekistan signed an air services agreement to enhance bilateral relations between the two countries.
on 27 April 2026, the two countries' ambassadors to Qatar held a meeting to discuss strengthening diplomatic ties and promoting strategic cooperation in priority sectors.

Americas

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal relations began

!Notes

|- valign="top"

|||2006

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 2006.
Cuba is accredited to Uzbekistan from its embassy in Baku.
Uzbekistan is accredited to Cuba from its embassy in Washington, D.C..
In May 1963, Fidel Castro visited the Uzbek SSR on an official visit, being bosted by the Uzbek Communist First Secretary Sharof Rashidov.
In 2016, Cuba became the only country in the world (other than Uzbekistan itself) that declared an official period of mourning in connection with the death of President Islam Karimov, with many speculating that this was because of Castro's reported liking towards the late Uzbek leader.

|- valign="top"

|||14 January 1992||

Mexico is accredited to Uzbekistan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
Uzbekistan is accredited to Mexico from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, United States.

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||| 1992

|See United States–Uzbekistan relations

The United States recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on 25 December 1991, and opened an embassy in Tashkent in March 1992.
The United States has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and a consulate–general in New York City.

Asia

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal relations began

!Notes

See Afghanistan–Uzbekistan relations

|-- valign="top"

|||1995

|See Armenia–Uzbekistan relations

The countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1995 by protocol.
Uzbekistan is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Independent States and Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area.

|1995

|See Azerbaijan–Uzbekistan relations

The countries established diplomatic relations on 2 October 1995 by protocol.
Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tashkent.||See China–Uzbekistan relations
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Beijing and two consulate-generals in Guangzhou and Shanghai.
China has an embassy in Tashkent.

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|||18 March 1992||See India–Uzbekistan relations

India has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in New Delhi.

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|||23 June 1992||See Indonesia–Uzbekistan relations

On 28 December 1991, Indonesia has recognized the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan from the dissolved Soviet Union.
Uzbekistan realized the strategic importance of Indonesia, home to the world's biggest Muslim population and Southeast Asia's biggest economy.
Indonesia recognizes Uzbekistan's strategic importance as the gate to Central Asia, a growing economy and a potential market.
Indonesia has an embassy in Tashkent that is also accredited to Kyrgyzstan.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Jakarta.

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||| 1991

|See Iran–Uzbekistan relations

The two countries have deep cultural and historical ties, and Uzbekistan is considered as a part of Greater Iran. Iran has been especially active in pursuing economic projects and social, cultural, and diplomatic initiatives in Uzbekistan. The two nations have also worked on overland links and other joint ventures. The countries' conflicting political set-ups (Iran's Islamic theocracy versus Uzbekistan's secular republic) does not appear to have deterred efforts to improve relations.

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|||

|See Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations

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|||

|See Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan relations

Uzbekistan dominates southern Kyrgyzstan both economically and politically, based on the large Uzbek population in that region of Kyrgyzstan and on economic and geographic conditions.

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|||1992

|See Malaysia–Uzbekistan relations

Malaysia has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.

|- valign="top"

|||22 April 1992||

On 31 March 2009, Uzbekistan and Oman agreed upon a legal framework to protect Omani investments in Central Asia and guarantee trade from both nations was free from double taxation. Oman's government had been pursuing economic diversification and privatisation policies for nearly a decade after signing similar agreements with thirty other trading partners.

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|||

|See Pakistan–Uzbekistan relations

Relations between the two states were established when the republic of Uzbekistan became independent following the collapse of the USSR, the relations between the two countries were initially strained by the situation in Afghanistan which both countries border as they supported different Afghan factions.
However relations improved after the fall of the Taliban, both countries seeking to improve relations for the sake of trade, Pakistan wishing to gain access to Central Asian markets and landlocked Uzbekistan to access ports on the Indian Ocean.

|See South Korea–Uzbekistan relations

Number of ethnic Koreans living in Uzbekistan: About 180,000 (Largest number among the CIS nations).
Both countries are full members of the Eurasian Economic Community, the Collective Security Treaty Organisation, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

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|||March 4, 1992||See Turkey–Uzbekistan relations

Uzbekistan has an embassy in Ankara and a Consulate General in Istanbul
Turkey has an embassy in Tashkent and a Consulate General in Samarkand since 7 March 2021
Both countries are members of Asia Cooperation Dialogue, Economic Cooperation Organization, International Organization of Turkic Culture, OIC, TAKM, Turkic Council, TURKPA, OSCE and WTO.
Trade volume between the two countries was US$2.3 billion in 2019 (Uzbek exports/imports: 1.14/1.23 billion USD.
Turkey was the first country that recognized Uzbekistan's independence in 1991.

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|||

Europe

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal relations began

!Notes

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||| 1992

|See Belarus–Uzbekistan relations

Belarus has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Minsk.
Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Independent States

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||| 1992-09-12

|See Bulgaria–Uzbekistan relations

Bulgaria has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan is represented in Bulgaria through a non resident ambassador based in Tashkent (in the Foreign Ministry.)

|- valign="top"

|||26 February 1992||

In 2006, Antti Turunen, head of the Finnish Foreign Ministry's Eastern European and Central Asian department, led a European Union fact-finding mission to Tashkent. The Uzbek deputy foreign minister had indicated that the Uzbek government was interested in talks with the EU during a visit to Helsinki in June 2006, just before Finland assumed the EU presidency. Radio Free Europe journalists spoke to Turunen on September 1. Turunen's visit to Uzbekistan was the first EU visit since October, when sanctions were imposed after the Uzbek government refused to allow an international investigation into the Andijan massacre.

Turunen said that the visit went smoothly and that Uzbek Foreign Minister Vladimir Norov offered a warm reception. The EU delegation met with officials from the Justice Ministry, the Attorney General's office, and Uzbek parliament members. He stressed that the real issue for the EU was the Uzbek government's response to the Andijan massacre and human rights abuses.

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||| 1992-03-19

|See Poland–Uzbekistan relations

Poland has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Warsaw and an honorary consulate in Poznań.

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||| 1995-10-06

|See Romania–Uzbekistan relations

Romania recognized Uzbekistan's independence on December 20, 1991.
Romania has an embassy in Tashkent, although Uzbekistan does not have any representation in Romania.
Romania sees Uzbekistan as a potentially important partner in Central Asia, where it is trying to increase its standing, while Uzbekistan hopes to receive increased access to technology and European markets via Romania.

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||| 1992

Uzbekistan has an embassy in Moscow
Russia has an embassy in Tashkent.
Uzbekistan was once a former Soviet Socialist republic. It still has strong ties to Russia and the West.
In the aftermath of the May 2005 unrest, Uzbekistan demanded that the United States leave the base at Karshi-Khanabad.
In November 2005, both presidents Islam Karimov and Vladimir Putin had signed a mutual cooperation agreement in Moscow.

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|||||See Spain–Uzbekistan relations

Spain is accredited to Uzbekistan from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
Uzbekistan has an embassy in Madrid.

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||| 1992

|- valign="top"

|||||See United Kingdom–Uzbekistan relations

Uzbekistan established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 18 February 1992.

Uzbekistan maintains an embassy in London.
The United Kingdom is accredited to Uzbekistan through its embassy in Tashkent.

Both countries share common membership of the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.

References

External links

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan To Boost Cooperation With Malaysia
EU Delegation Visits Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan closes border with Uzbekistan

Diplomatic relations

Americas

Asia

Europe

See also

References

External links