Foreign relations of Peru

The foreign relations of Peru are managed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. is an important first-tier state in South America, Peru has been a member of the United Nations since 1945, and Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar served as UN Secretary General from 1981 to 1991. Former President Alberto Fujimori's tainted re-election to a third term in June 2000 strained Peru's relations with the United States and with many Latin American and European countries, but relations improved with the installation of an interim government in November 2000 and the inauguration of Alejandro Toledo in July 2001.

Peru is planning full integration into the Andean Free Trade Area. In addition, Peru is a standing member of APEC and the World Trade Organization, and is an active participant in negotiations toward a Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Peru maintains diplomatic relations with:

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Bilateral relations

Africa

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! Country

! Formal Relations Began

! Notes

|- valign="top"

|||10 March 1972||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 1972

Algeria has an embassy in Lima.
Angola is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.

Egypt has an embassy in Lima.
Ghana is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.

Kenya is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
Peru has an embassy in Nairobi.

|- valign="top"

|||28 April 1974||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1974.

Libya is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.

Morocco has an embassy in Lima.
Peru established relations with SWAPO, preceding Namibian independence.
Namibia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.
Nigeria is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.||
The SADR has an embassy in Lima.
Peru established formal relations with the SADR on 5 May 1987, under Alan García, but recognition existed since 16 August 1984. Said relations expired on 9 September 1996, with Peru taking a neutral part in the Western Sahara conflict.
On September 8, 2021, Peru and the SADR re-established their bilateral relations, but the former again severed them on August 16, 2022, renovating them one month later.

|- valign="top"

|||28 July 1993||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 July 1993

Peru has an embassy in Pretoria. A Consulate was also maintained in Cape Town which closed in 1985.
South Africa is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago.
Peru is accredited to Zambia from its embassy in Pretoria. It previously maintained an embassy in Lusaka until 1990.
Zambia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.
Both countries are full members of the Association of Spanish Language Academies, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States, Rio Group, and the Union of South American Nations.

|- valign="top"

|||24 June 1826||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1826

Bolivia has an embassy in Lima.
Brazil has an embassy in Lima.
Canada has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Ottawa and 3 consulates-general (in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver).
Both countries are full members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, of the Cairns Group and of the Organization of American States.
The Canadian government announced in February 2009 that it was adding Peru to its list of preferred countries to receive foreign aid. This list includes 18 countries and the West Bank and Caribbean.

|- valign="top"

|||8 October 1822

||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 October 1822

In November 1999, Peru and Chile signed three agreements which put to rest the remaining obstacles holding up implementation of the 1929 Treaty of Lima, which officially ended the 1879 War of the Pacific. In December 1999, President Alberto Fujimori made the first visit ever to Chile by a Peruvian head of state.

Relations between the two nations have since mostly recovered. In 2005, the Peruvian Congress unilaterally approved a law which increased the stated sea limit with Chile. This law superseded the Peruvian supreme decree 781 for same purpose from 1947, which had autolimited its maritime border to geographical parallels only. Peru's position was that the border has never been fully demarcated, but Chile disagreed reminding on treaties in 1952 and 1954 between the countries, which supposedly defined seaborder. The border problem has still not been solved. However, Chile's Michelle Bachelet and Peru's Alan García have established a positive diplomatic relationship, and it is very unlikely any hostilities will break out because of the dispute.

Nevertheless, in early April 2007, Peruvian nationalistic sectors, mainly represented by left wing ex-presidential candidate Ollanta Humala decided to congregate at 'hito uno' right at the border with Chile, in a symbolic attempt to claim sovereignty over a maritime area known in Peru as Mar de Grau (Grau's Sea) just west of the Chilean city of Arica. Peruvian police stopped a group of nearly 2,000 people just 10 km from the border, preventing them from reaching their intended destination. Despite these incidents, the presidents of both Chile and Peru have confirmed their intentions to improve the relationships between the two countries, mainly fueled by the huge amount of commercial exchange between both countries' private sectors.

Chile has an embassy in Lima.
Colombia has an embassy in Lima.
Costa Rica has an embassy in Lima.

Peru had relations with Cuba prior to 1972, but broke them off in the 1960s.
Cuba has an embassy in Lima.
The Dominican Republic has an embassy in Lima.

In October 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a peace accord which definitively resolved border differences which had, over the years, resulted in armed conflict. Peru and Ecuador are now jointly coordinating an internationally sponsored border integration project. The United States Government, as one of four guarantor states, was actively involved in facilitating the 1998 peace accord between Peru and Ecuador and remains committed to its implementation. The United States has pledged $40 million to the Peru-Ecuador border integration project and another $4 million to support Peruvian and Ecuadorian demining efforts along their common border.
In November 2009, Peru made an agreement with Ecuador in which Peru would export between 40 and 50 megawatts of electricity until April 2010 in order to help Ecuador with its energy crisis. Rafael Correa, Ecuador's president, expressed his gratitude to Peru for its generous aid during Ecuador's energy crisis.
Ecuador has an embassy in Lima.

El Salvador has an embassy in Lima.
Guatemala has an embassy in Lima.
Guyana is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.
Peru is accredited to Guyana from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
Both countries are full members of Organization of American States and Union of South American Nations.
Vice President Carl Barrington Greenidge visited Lima in 2018.

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|||1929||

Peru is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Santo Domingo, and has an honorary consulate in Port-au-Prince. Its embassy in the Haitian capital closed a few days prior to the 1991 Haitian coup d'état.
Haiti is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.
Jamaica has a consulate in Lima
Jamaica is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.

Peru and Mexico have historically had a unique relationship solidly based on that they share two of the most significant ancient cultures in the Americas. Both countries have expressed solidarity over the need to defend the recovery of cultural and archaeological heritage in the form of artifacts that have been illegally stolen from Peru and Mexico and which are to this date, illegally or legitimately kept in foreign locations.

Peru's President Alan García and Mexico's Felipe Calderón signed a joint declaration in April 2011 aimed at deepening the two countries' friendship, cooperation, integration, trade, investments and the permanent fight against poverty and organized crime. The two countries aim to achieve a new model of integration within Latin America, and to represent a positive, realistic, and active example of integration amongst two "brotherly" nations. On 3 November 2025, Peru break relations with mexico result after Betssy Chávez sought asylum inside the Mexican Embassy in Lima.

Mexico has an interests section in Lima.
Peru has a consular office in Mexico City.
Both nations are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and the Pacific Alliance.

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|||28 June 1850||

Nicaragua has an embassy in Lima.

Panama has an embassy in Lima.

Paraguay has an embassy in Lima.
Both countries are full members of the Rio Group, Latin Union, Association of Spanish Language Academies, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States and of the Union of South American Nations.

|- id="Suriname"

|||23 June 1978||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1978

Peru is accredited to Suriname from its embassy in Caracas.

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|||5 February 1968

|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1968

Peru has an embassy in Port of Spain.
Trinidad and Tobago is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
Uruguay has an embassy in Lima and an honorary consulate in Arequipa.

Both embassies were closed after ties were cut off in July 2024.

Asia

{| class="wikitable sortable"

! Country

! Formal Relations Began

! Notes

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| Afghanistan||27 September 2012||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2012.
Afghanistan is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Washington, D.C.
Peru is accredited to Afghanistan from its non-resident embassy in New Delhi.
Peru has not recognized nor established relations with the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.

|- valign="top"

|||9 September 1992

|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 September 1992.

Armenia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Azerbaijan has an embassy in Lima.
Bahrain is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.

|- valign="top"

|||28 February 1983||

Bangladesh is accredited to Peru from its embassy in New York City.

thumb|250px|Countries which signed cooperation documents related to the [[Belt and Road Initiative]]

China has an embassy in Lima.
Georgia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.
India has an embassy in Lima.
Indonesia has an embassy in Lima.
Iran is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Quito.

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|||11 October 1975 and 11 July 2012 renew diplomatic relations||

Peru and Iraq agreed to renew their bilateral ties in 2012.
Iraq is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Caracas.
Japan has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Tokyo and a consulate-general in Nagoya.

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|||6 February 1997||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 February 1997

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|||1 December 1975||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1975

Peru has an embassy in Kuwait City.
Kuwait is accredited to Peru from Santiago, Chile.
Malaysia has an embassy in Lima.
Mongolia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Havana.
Nepal is accredited to Peru from its embassy in New York City.
North Korea has an embassy in Lima.
Diplomatic relationships between both countries are suspended since 2017.

|- valign="top"

|||30 April 2011

Peru recognized Palestine on 24 January 2011.
Palestine has an embassy in Lima.
Peru is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy in Bangkok, Thailand.
Peru has an embassy in Doha.
Qatar has an embassy in Lima.
Singapore is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Singapore.

Peru has an embassy in Seoul.
South Korea has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Bangkok.
Thailand has an embassy in Lima.

|- valign="top"

|||1952||

Peru has an embassy in Ankara and a Consulate General in Istanbul.

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|||14 November 1994||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 1994

Peru has an embassy in Hanoi.
Vietnam is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
Peru and Albania established formal relations in 1971.
Albania is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília.

Andorra does not hold an embassy in Peru.
Peru is accredited to Andorra from its embassy in Madrid, Spain.

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|||2 November 1949||

Austria has an embassy in Lima, and honorary consulates in Cuzco, Trujillo, Iquitos, and Arequipa.

|- valign="top"

|||19 February 1997||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1997 In 1999, Foreign Minister Sergei Martynov visited Peru.

Belarus is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Peru is accredited to Bosnia and Herzegovina from its embassy in Budapest.

|- valign="top"

|||18 April 1969

||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 April 1969

Peru closed its embassy in Sofia for economic reasons in 2003.
Peru is accredited to Bulgaria from its embassy in Athens, Greece.
Bulgaria is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.

|- valign="top"

|||12 January 1993

|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1993

Croatia is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Santiago, Chile and maintains an honorary consulate in Lima. On October of the same year, relations were elevated to embassy level.
Cyprus is represented in Peru through its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
Peru is accredited to Cyprus from it missions in Italy.

|- valign="top"

|||11 July 1922, broken 4 October 1957, restored 27 December 1968 ( with Czech Republic from 2 January 1993)||

Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on 27 December 1968

Peru first established relations with Czechoslovakia in 1922. Relations were broken in 1957 and the Peruvian Ambassador was recalled under the government of Manuel A. Odría.
Czech Republic has an embassy in Lima.

|- id="Estonia"

|||27 July 1995||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1995

Estonia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Helsinki.

|- valign="top"

|||29 March 1963

|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 March 1963

Peru recognized Finland on June 23, 1919.
Peru has an embassy in Helsinki.
Finland has an embassy in Lima.||
The European Union has a consulate in Lima.

Peru has an embassy in Berlin and consulates-general in Hamburg, Munich and Offenbach.
Germany has an embassy in Lima, and honorary consulates in Arequipa, Piura, Bagua, and Trujillo.
Greece has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Budapest.
Hungary has an embassy in Lima.
Iceland is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Oslo.
Ireland is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Mexico City and maintains an honorary consulate in Lima.
Italy has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Rome and consulates-general in Florence, Genoa, Milan and Turin.

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|||23 July 1996||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 1996

Latvia is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Berlin.
Peru is accredited to Latvia through its embassy in Helsinki.

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|||5 July 1996||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1996

Liechtenstein does not have an embassy accredited to Peru.
Peru is accredited to Liechtenstein from its embassy in Bern.

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|||9 June 1997||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 June 1997

Peru is accredited to Lithuania from its embassy in Helsinki.

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|||14 June 1962||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 June 1962

Luxembourg is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Berlin.
Peru is accredited to Luxembourg from its embassy in Brussels.

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|||27 April 1977||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1977

Malta has two honorary consulates in Lima and Arequipa.
Peru has an honorary consulate in Valletta.

|- valign="top"

|||1 February 1826||

Netherlands has an embassy in Lima.
Peru has an embassy in Oslo.
Norway has a consulate-general in Lima and is accredited from its embassy in Santiago, Chile. Peru refused to recognize the Polish government in London on December 29, 1945. Peru and Poland re-established diplomatic relations on 14 April 1969.

Peru has an embassy in Warsaw.
Poland has an embassy in Lima.

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|||26 March 1853||

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1853

Peru has an embassy in Lisbon.
Portugal has an embassy in Lima.

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|||16 May 1874 to 1918<br />1 February 1969

Peru and Russia established formal relations in Saint Petersburg on 16 May 1874, which were then severed after the Russian Revolution in 1918. Relations between Peru and the Soviet Union were then established on 1 February 1969. During and after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Peru and Russia continued their relations.
Peru has an embassy in Moscow and an honorary consulate in Saint Petersburg.
Russia has an embassy in Lima and an honorary consulate in the San Isidro District.
San Marino is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Rome.
Peru is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Budapest.

|- valign="top"

|||1 January 1993||

Slovakia is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Buenos Aires.

Peru has an embassy in Madrid and consulates-general in Barcelona, Bilbao, Seville and Valencia.
Spain has an embassy in Lima.
Both countries are full members of the Association of Spanish Language Academies and the Organization of Ibero-American States

|- valign="top"

|||11 February 1938

|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 February 1938.

Peru has an embassy in Stockholm.
Sweden is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago, Chile.

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|||16 September 1884||

Peru has an embassy in Bern.
Switzerland has an embassy in Lima.
Peru was accredited to Ukraine from its embassy in Warsaw, Poland. It was formerly accredited from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
Ukraine has an embassy in Lima.

Both countries are members of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.

|- valign="top"

|||1 November 1852||

The Holy See has a nunciature in Lima.

Both countries have an expanding relationship in all areas. In February 2018 trade ministers from both Peru and Australia signed a free trade agreement. Until 2019, the Peruvian ambassador was also accredited to New Zealand.

Australia has an embassy in Lima.||
Fiji is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Wellington, New Zealand.
New Zealand is accredited to Peru from its embassy in Santiago, Chile and maintains an honorary consulate in Lima.
Peru is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its consulate-general in Sydney.

Transnational issues

Illicit drugs

Until recently the world's largest coca leaf producer, Peru has reduced the area of coca under cultivation from 115,300 ha to

38,700 ha, or 66%, between 1995 and 1999; most of cocaine base is shipped to neighboring Colombia, Bolivia, and Brazil for processing into cocaine for the international drug market, but exports of finished cocaine are increasing by maritime conveyance to Mexico, US, and Europe.

Foreign relations of Peru

Diplomatic relations

Bilateral relations

Africa

Asia

Transnational issues

Illicit drugs

See also

References