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Madagascar has diplomatic relations with many countries, both individual bilateral relations and by virtue of its membership of African and other regional blocs. International aid has been received from the IMF and the World Bank, and a national environmental plan supported by the World Bank and USAID began in 1990.
Regional relations
Madagascar historically has remained outside the mainstream of African affairs, although it is a member of the Indian Ocean Commission, the African Union, although its membership is suspended due to a coup, the Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA), and the Non-Aligned Movement. Madagascar was admitted to the Southern African Development Community in 2004.
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Madagascar maintains diplomatic relations with:
{| class=" wikitable sortable"
! colspan="3" |frameless|425x425px
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|1
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|2
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|3
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|5
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|9
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|10
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|11
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|12
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|14
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|15
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|14
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|16
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|17
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|18
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|19
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|20
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|21
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|22
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|23
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|24
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|—
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|25
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|26
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|27
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|28
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|29
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|30
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|31
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|32
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|33
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|34
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|35
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|36
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|37
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|38
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|39
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|40
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|41
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|42
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|43
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|44
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|45
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|46
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|47
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|48
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|49
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|50
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|51
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|52
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|53
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|54
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|55
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|56
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|57
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|61
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|62
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|64
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|65
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|66
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|67
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|68
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|69
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|71
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|72
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|73
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|74
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|75
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|76
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|77
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|78
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|81
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|82
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|85
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|87
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|88
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|94
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|95
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|96
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|98
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|101
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|102
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|103
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|105
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|106
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|107
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|108
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|109
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|110
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|113
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|114
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|115
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|116
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|120
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|121
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|127
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|128
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|129
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|130
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|131
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|132
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|133
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|134
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|135
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|Unknown
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|136
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|Unknown
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|137
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|Unknown
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|138
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|Unknown
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|139
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|Unknown
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Bilateral relations
International agencies being present in the country allows to react quickly to emergencies such as a food crisis.
Africa
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|||27 August 1968||See Madagascar–Mauritius relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 August 1968
- Madagascar has an embassy in Port Louis.
- Mauritius has an embassy in Antananarivo.
|- valign="top"
|||27 January 1994||See Madagascar–South Africa relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 January 1994.
South Africa and Madagascar share maritime borders with each other.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Pretoria and a consulate-general in Cape Town.
- South Africa has an embassy in Antananarivo.
|- valign="top"
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- Madagascar maintained diplomatic relations with the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic from 29 January 1978 to 6 April 2005.
|}
Americas
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|||7 January 1965||See Canada–Madagascar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965
- Canada is accredited to Madagascar from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Ottawa.
|- valign="top"
|||<!--Date started-->26 December 1975||
- Madagascar is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains an honorary consulate in Mexico City.
- Mexico is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Antananarivo.
|- valign="top"
|||26 June 1960||See Madagascar–United States relations
Relations between the United States and Madagascar date to the middle 19th century. The two countries concluded a commercial convention in 1867 and a treaty of peace, friendship, and commerce in 1881. Traditionally warm relations suffered considerably during the 1970s, when Madagascar expelled the U.S. ambassador, the USA closed a NASA tracking station, allied with the USSR, and nationalized two U.S. oil companies. In 1980, relations at the ambassadorial level were restored.
Throughout the troubled period, commercial and cultural relations remained active. In 1990, Madagascar was designated as a priority aid recipient, and assistance increased from $15 million in 1989 to $40 million in 1993. Recent U.S. assistance has contributed to a population census and family planning programs; conservation of Madagascar's remarkable biodiversity, private sector development, agriculture, democracy and governance initiatives; and media training. Madagascar became the first country with a Millennium Challenge Account compact when it signed an agreement worth $110 million in April 2006. The Ravalomanana government is especially positive about ties with the United States.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Washington, DC.
- United States has an embassy in Antananarivo.
|}
Asia
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|||<!--Date started-->6 November 1972||See China-Madagascar relations
China and Madagascar established diplomatic relations on November 6, 1972.
- China has an embassy in Antananarivo and a consulate-general in Toamasina.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Beijing.
|- valign="top"
|||27 June 1960||See India–Madagascar relations
India has had maritime links with Madagascar for several centuries. India opened a consulate general in Antananarivo in 1954. Upon Madagascar gaining independence in 1960, it was upgraded to an embassy.
- India has an embassy in Antananarivo.
- Madagascar has an embassy in New Delhi.
|- valign="top"
|||13 December 1974||See Indonesia–Madagascar relations
- Indonesia has an embassy in Antananarivo.
- Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Indonesia.
|- valign="top"
|||30 January 1963||See Madagascar–Turkey relations
- Madagascar is accredited to Turkey from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
- Turkey has an embassy in Antananarivo. and an honorary consulate in Antananarivo.
- Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Cyprus.
|-
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- Denmark have a consulate in Antananarivo.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Paris and consulates-general in Marseille and Saint-Denis.
|- valign="top"
|||26 June 1960||See Germany–Madagascar relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 June 1960
- Germany has an embassy in Antananarivo.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Berlin.
|- valign="top"
||| 1962||Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962
- Greece is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
- Madagascar is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
During the 2009 Malagasy political crisis, Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov stated that Russia is "concerned by the increased frequency of attempts on the African continent to resort to non-constitutional methods of solving internal political problems." He went on to say that, in addition to increasing economic and social problems, the use of force is of concern and runs counter to democratic principles, whilst affirming Russia's support of the African Union's position.
- Madagascar has an embassy in Moscow.
- Russia has an embassy in Antananarivo.
|- valign="top"
|||9 December 1969||
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1969.
- A number of bilateral agreements have been concluded and are in force between the two countries.
- Madagascar is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
- Serbia is accredited to Madagascar from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, United States.
|- valign="top"
|||||See Madagascar–United Kingdom relations
thumb|right|[[President of Madagascar|Malagasy President Hery Rajaonarimampianina with British Foreign Office Minister James Duddridge in London, November 2015.]]
The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 27 June 1960.
- The United Kingdom is accredited to Madagascar through its embassy in Antananarivo.
The UK administered Madagascar from 1942 to 1943, when Madagascar was transferred to France.
Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Eastern and Southern Africa–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.
Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.
|}
See also
- List of diplomatic missions in Madagascar
- List of diplomatic missions of Madagascar
- Visa policy of Madagascar
References
External links
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Madagascar (French)
https://www.visahq.com/philippines/embassy/madagascar/#:~:text=Summarized%20Diplomatic%20Presence,being%20of%20Filipino%20nationals%20abroad.