The Republic of Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the World Health Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe, CFE Treaty, the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund; and the World Bank.

List

List of countries which Azerbaijan maintains diplomatic relations with:

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Information on some of the countries with which Azerbaijan maintains formal relations

Multilateral

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Organization

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

|||

|See Azerbaijan in the Council of Europe

  • Azerbaijan joined the Council of Europe as a full member on 25 January 2001.
  • The Azerbaijani Permanent Mission to the Council of Europe is based in Strasbourg, France.
  • The Council of Europe maintains an office in Baku, Azerbaijan.

|--valign="top"

|||1996

|See Azerbaijan–European Union relations

  • Azerbaijan is not a member of the European Union.
  • The Mission of Azerbaijan to the European Union is located in Brussels, Belgium.
  • The Delegation of the European Union to Azerbaijan Office is located in Baku, Azerbaijan.

|--valign="top"

|||1992

| See Azerbaijan–NATO relations

  • Azerbaijan is not a member of NATO.
  • Azerbaijan joined the NATO Partnership for Peace on 4 May 1994.
  • The Azerbaijani Permanent Mission to NATO is based in Brussels, Belgium.

|--valign="top"

|||2009

| See Azerbaijan–Turkic Council relations

|}

Africa

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | Азербайджан установил дипломатические отношения с Буркина-Фасо, Руандой и Кенией "Рол" 31 мая 2004 г.

|See Azerbaijan–Burkina Faso relations

|-- valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–DR Congo relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Djibouti relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Cairo.
  • Egypt has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | Азербайджан открывает посольство в Эфиопии. 1news.az. 28 December 2012.

|See Azerbaijan–Ethiopia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Addis Ababa since 2013.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 11 November 1994

|See Azerbaijan–Gambia relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Kenya relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 16 March 1992

|See Azerbaijan–Libya relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Morocco relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rabat since 2005.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 14 March 1996

|See Azerbaijan–Senegal relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | Посол Азербайджана в ЮАР встретился с преподавателями и студентами Преторийского университета Vesti.Az 1 November 2012.

|See Azerbaijan–South Africa relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Pretoria.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 1 July 1998

|See Azerbaijan–Tunisia relations

|}

Americas

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Argentina–Azerbaijan relations

  • Argentina has an embassy in Baku.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Buenos Aires.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Brazil relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Brasília.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Canada relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ottawa.
  • Canada is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Colombia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bogotá.
  • Colombia has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Cuba relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Havana.
  • Cuba has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Ecuador relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Mexico relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Mexico City.
  • Mexico has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Nicaragua relations

  • Azerbaijan is represented in Nicaragua through its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
  • Nicaragua is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | Азербайджан установил дипотношения с Эритреей и Парагваем Day.Az 28 Апреля 2004

|See Azerbaijan–Paraguay relations

  • Azerbaijan is represented in Paraguay through its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • Paraguay is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Peru relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Lima.
  • Peru has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ,

|See Azerbaijan–United States relations

On 25 December 1991 President George H. W. Bush announced that the United States recognized the independence of all 12 former Soviet republics, including Azerbaijan.

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Washington, D.C., and a consulate-general in Los Angeles.
  • United States has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Uruguay relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Venezuela relations

  • Azerbaijan does not have an accreditation to Venezuela.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Baku.

|}

Asia

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 1918–1921

Armenia and Azerbaijan do not have formal relations since that time

|See Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Second Nagorno-Karabakh war

The neighboring nations of Armenia and Azerbaijan have had formal governmental relations between 1918 and 1921, when both countries were briefly independent. The two nations have fought three wars in the 1918–20 (Armenian–Azerbaijani War), the 1988–94 (Nagorno-Karabakh War), and the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, with the last two ending in ceasefire agreements - the Bishkek Protocol and the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement respectively. There are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries, because of the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and dispute. In 2008, Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev declared, "Nagorno Karabakh will never be independent; the position is backed by international mediators as well; Armenia has to accept the reality," and "in 1918, Yerevan was granted to the Armenians. It was a great mistake. The khanate of Iravan was the Azerbaijani territory, the Armenians were guests here."Azerbaijani president: Armenians are guests in Yerevan , REGNUM News Agency, 17 January 2008

During the Soviet period, many Armenians and Azerbaijanis lived side by side in peace. However, when Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika, the majority of Armenians from the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) of the Azerbaijan SSR began a movement to unify with the Armenian SSR. In 1988, the Armenians of Karabakh voted to secede and join Armenia. This, along with mutual massacres in Azerbaijan and Armenia resulted in the conflict that became known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The violence resulted in de facto Armenian control of former NKAO and seven surrounding Azerbaijani regions, which was effectively halted when both sides agrees to observe a cease-fire, which has since been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 both also agreed to mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group. The Minsk Group is currently co-chaired by the U.S., France, and Russia and comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and several Western European nations. Despite the cease fire, up to 40 clashes are reported along the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lines of control each year.

The two countries are still technically at war. Citizens of the Republic of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan.

If a person's passport shows any evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh, they are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan.Azerbaijan Country Page . NCSJ: Advocates on Behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia. Accessed 23 May 2010.

In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenia and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the two sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.

As of July 2020, the new round of military escalation along the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan continued, thus making it one of the most explosive regions in Eurasia.Expert Opinion: Neither Peace Nor War: Why Clashes on the Armenia-Azerbaijan Border Didn't Change the Status Quo, Valdai Club, 21 August 2020

On 27 September 2020, a new military conflict emerged between Azerbaijan and Armenia.New flare up of violence breaks out between Azerbaijan and Armenia, Euronews, 28 September 2020 The following day, on 28 September 2020, Azerbaijan's President Ilham Aliyev signed a decree declaring a partial military mobilisation following clashes with Armenian forces over the Nagorno-Karabakh region.Azerbaijan declares partial military mobilisation – president's decree , Reuters, 28 September 2020 An armistice agreement between the two countries was signed on 10 November 2020, returning control of the territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh to Azerbaijan.

On 8 August 2025, in a press conference at the White House, the leaders of Armenia and Azerbaijan agreed to a peace deal, ending the conflict after over three decades.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 30 December 1991

|See Azerbaijan–Bangladesh relations

  • On 30 December 1991, Bangladesh recognized the independence of Azerbaijan.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 26 February 1992.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Bangladesh from its embassy in New Delhi, India.
  • Bangladesh has a consulate in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–China relations

  • The PRC recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 27 December 1992.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beijing.
  • The People's Republic of China has an embassy in Baku.
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC: Relations with Azerbaijan

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan-India relations

  • India recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 26 December 1991.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 28 February 1992.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in New Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan-Indonesia relations

  • On 28 September 1991, the Republic of Indonesia recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
  • On 24 September 1992, diplomatic relations were established between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Indonesia.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Jakarta.
  • Indonesia has an embassy in Baku.

|- valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ,

|See Azerbaijan–Iran relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tehran. and a consulate general in Tabriz.
  • Iran has an embassy in Baku. and a consulate general in Nakhchivan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).
  • Iran recognized Azerbaijan on 4 January 1992, upgraded its consulate in Baku to establish full diplomatic relations.James P. Nichol. Diplomacy in the Former Soviet Republics, Praeger/Greenwood, 1995, , p. 150

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 2 January 1992

||See Azerbaijan–Iraq relations

  • On 2 January 1992, Iraq recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
  • On 30 March 1992, diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Iraq were established.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Baghdad.
  • Iraq has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Israel relations

  • Azerbaijan is one of the few majority Muslim countries to develop bilateral strategic and economic relations with Israel.
  • Israel was one of the first countries to recognize Azerbaijan on 25 December 1991.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Japan relations

  • Japan recognized Azerbaijan on 28 December 1991.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tokyo since 12 October 2005.
  • Japan has an embassy in Baku since 21 January 2000.
  • Azerbaijan is a full member of the Council of Europe (CoE) and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Japan is an observer member of the CoE and a partner for co-operation of the OSCE.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | AZERBAIJAN – JORDAN RELATIONS .

|See Azerbaijan–Jordan relations

  • On 28 December 1991, Jordan recognized the independence of Azerbaijan.
  • On 13 February 1993, a protocol on establishing diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was signed.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Amman.
  • Jordan has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Astana.
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Baku since 16 December 1994.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan-Kyrgyzstan relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bishkek.
  • Kyrgyzstan has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 22 May 1995

|See Azerbaijan–Laos relations

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Lebanon relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beirut.
  • Lebanon is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 31 December 1991

|See Azerbaijan–Malaysia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Baku
  • Malaysia recognizes the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 31 December 1991 and on 5 April 1993 diplomatic relations were established.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 14 September 1994

||See Azerbaijan–Qatar relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ||See Azerbaijan–Pakistan relations

  • Pakistan was the second country to recognize Azerbaijan after Turkey following the dissolution of the USSR.
  • Pakistan is among the first countries to open an embassy in Baku.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Islamabad.Embassy of Azerbaijan in Pakistan
  • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).
  • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Pakistan did not recognize Armenia as a state until 2025.Harut Sassounian. Armenia Finally Counters Pakistan's Anti-Armenian Policies. The Armenian Weekly. 29 November 2016
  • Azerbaijan has also expressed its support for Pakistan's stand on Kashmir.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Palestine relations

  • Palestine has an embassy in Baku since 2011.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 27 March 1992

||See Azerbaijan–Philippines relations

  • Azerbaijan has a consulate in Manila.
  • Philippines is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia discuss prospects of military cooperation. Azernews. 7 February 2018

|See Azerbaijan–Saudi Arabia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Riyadh since 1994.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Baku since 1999.
  • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Saudi Arabia refuses to establish diplomatic relations with Armenia.Lusine Musayelian. Armenia No Friend To Muslim States, Says Aliyev. Azatutyun. 13 December 2017.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–South Korea relations

  • Azerbaijani embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korean embassy in Baku.
  • Bilateral Trade agreement was signed in 2014
  • Exports US$269.5 million.
  • Imports US$0.54 million.

|-- valign="top"

| Syria|| style="text-align:center" | . Eurasia Diary. 28 March 2016

|See Azerbaijan–Syria relations

Syria is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 7 July 1992

|See Azerbaijan–Thailand relations

  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Thailand from its embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Thailand has a consulate in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 14 Jan. 1992||See Azerbaijan–Turkey relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ankara and Consulates General in Istanbul and Kars and Consular Mission in Iğdır.
  • Turkey has an embassy in Baku and Consulates General in Nakhchivan and Ganja.
  • Both countries are members of Asia Cooperation Dialogue, Council of Europe, Economic Cooperation Organization, International Organization of Turkic Culture, OIC, TAKM, Organization of Turkic States, TURKPA, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation and OSCE.
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$4.18 billion in 2019 (Azerbaijani exports/imports: 2.55/1.63 billion USD.
  • Azerbaijan-Turkey relations have been described as "one nation with two states" due to a common culture and the mutual intelligibility of Turkish and Azerbaijani.
  • Turkey became the first state to recognize the Republic of Azerbaijan in November 1991.
  • Yunus Emre Institute has a local headquarters in Baku.

|- valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 9 June 1992

|See Azerbaijan–Turkmenistan relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ashgabat.
  • Turkmenistan has an embassy in Baku.
  • The Azerbaijan-Turkmenistan inter-parliamentary friendship group functions in the Milli Majlis (Parliament) of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Turkmenistan-Azerbaijan inter-parliamentary friendship group works in the Majlis of Turkmenistan.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 2 October 1995

|See Azerbaijan–Uzbekistan relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tashkent.
  • Uzbekistan has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | 23 September 1992

||See Azerbaijan–Vietnam relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 25 February 1992

|See Azerbaijan–Yemen relations

  • Yemen is accredited to Azerbaijan via its embassy in Ankara.

|}

Europe

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"| ||See Albania–Azerbaijan relations

  • Both countries are members of Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and of Council of Europe.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

|See Austria–Azerbaijan relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Vienna.
  • Austria opened an embassy in Baku in 2010.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

| See Azerbaijan–Belarus relations

  • Before 1918, they were part of the Russian Empire and before 1991, they were part of the Soviet Union.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Minsk.
  • Belarus has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
  • Also Azerbaijan is a full member of the Council of Europe, Belarus is a candidate.
  • Belarus is a full member of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), Azerbaijan is an observer member.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

| See Azerbaijan–Belgium relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Brussels.
  • Belgium has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|19 February 1995

| See Azerbaijan–Bosnia and Herzegovina relations

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 9 February 1995. Diplomatic relations were established between the two countries on the same day.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan—Bulgaria relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Sofia.
  • Bulgaria has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).
  • Bulgaria recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 14 January 1992.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

| See Azerbaijan–Croatia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Zagreb
  • Croatia is represented in Azerbaijan through a non-resident ambassador based in Baku (in the Foreign Ministry).
  • Croatia is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara (Turkey).
  • Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Croatia
  • Croatian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration: list of bilateral treaties with Azerbaijan
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|--valign="top"

|||

|Azerbaijan formally recognizes the government of the Republic of Cyprus as the sole representative of the island, but has not yet established diplomatic relations with Cyprus. The parliament of Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic issued a resolution recognizing the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus as a sovereign state. While this recognition is not regarded by Azerbaijan and internationally as 'official state-to-state', Azerbaijan itself maintained cordial unofficial relations with the TRNC. In 2004, Azerbaijan threatened to formally recognize the TRNC if the Annan Plan was voted down by the Greek Cypriots (who rejected the plan in one of twin referendums held 24 April 2004 in both the Greek and Turkish zones simultaneously), but backed off the threat when it was pointed out by Cyprus that doing so would be hypocritical, as a portion of its territory just like that of Cyprus itself is under occupation and would probably result in negative impact on its ongoing dispute with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh.Turkey and Azerbaijan: The Honeymoon is Over by Fariz Ismailzade. Turkishpolicy.com

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Czech Republic relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Prague, opened on 15 August 2007.Embassy of Azerbaijan in the Czech Republic
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
  • The Czech Republic recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 8 January 1992.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

||See Azerbaijan-Denmark relations

  • The Kingdom of Denmark recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 31 December 1991.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 2 April 1992.
  • Denmark has a consulate in Baku.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in London.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

| See Azerbaijan-Estonia relations

  • Estonia recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 20 February 1992.
  • Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Estonia have been established since 20 April 1992.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tallinn.
  • Estonia has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

|

  • The Republic of Finland recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 30 December 1991.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 24 March 1992.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Stockholm.
  • Finland has a consulate in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

|See Azerbaijan—France relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Paris.
  • France has an embassy in Baku.French embassy in Baku
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ,

|See Azerbaijan–Georgia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tbilisi. and a general consulate in Batumi.
  • Georgia has an embassy in Baku. and a general consulate in Ganja.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).

|--valign="top"

|||

|See Azerbaijan–Germany relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Greece relations

  • Greece recognized Azerbaijan's independence on 31 December 1991.
  • The Greek embassy in Baku. was opened in the spring of 1993.
  • The embassy of Azerbaijan in Athens. was opened in August 2004.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).
  • Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Greece

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|23 May 1992

| See Azerbaijan–Holy See relations

  • Diplomatic relations with the Holy See were established on 23 May 1992.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to the Holy See through its embassy in Paris, France.
  • The Holy See is accredited to Azerbaijan through its nunciature in Ankara, Turkey.

|--valign="top"

| Hungary|| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Hungary relations

  • Hungary recognized Azerbaijan's independence on 26 December 1991.
  • Azerbaijan has en embassy in Budapest. since September 2004.
  • Hungary has an embassy in Baku. since 12 January 2009.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
  • Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center" | 27 February 1998

|See Azerbaijan–Iceland relations

  • Iceland recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 19 January 1992.
  • Diplomatic relations were established between the two countries on 27 February 1998.
  • Iceland is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in London.

|--valign="top"

| Ireland|| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Ireland relations

  • Azerbaijan is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London (United Kingdom).
  • Ireland is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara (Turkey).

|- valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

| See Azerbaijan–Italy relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rome.
  • Italy has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan—Latvia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Riga.
  • Latvia has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Both countries were former republics of the Soviet Union.
  • Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Latvia on 30 August 1991.
  • Latvia recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 8 January 1992.
  • Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Azerbaijan

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan—Lithuania relations

  • Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Lithuania on 10 September 1991.
  • Lithuania recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 20 December 1991.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Vilnius.
  • Lithuania has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
  • Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Cooperation with Azerbaijan
  • Foreign Minister of Lithuania to pay official visit to Azerbaijan

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|21 December 1991

| See Azerbaijan–Moldova relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Chișinău.
  • Moldova has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|-

|

|

|See Azerbaijan–Montenegro relations

Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Montenegro on 24 July 2006. On 24 April 2008, diplomatic relations between these two countries were established.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

| See Azerbaijan–Netherlands relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in The Hague.
  • The Netherlands has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

| See Azerbaijan—North Macedonia relations

  • North Macedonia has an economic office in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan-Poland relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Warsaw.
  • Poland has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|-

|

|5 June 1992

|See Azerbaijan–Portugal relations

  • Portugal recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 7 January 1992.
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 5 June 1992.
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Portugal from its embassy in Rabat, Morocco.
  • Portugal is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–Romania relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bucharest.
  • Romania has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

||See Azerbaijan–Russia relations

  • Russia has an embassy in Baku.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Moscow and consulate-general in Saint Petersburg. Azerbaijan also announced that it will open another consulate-general in Yekaterinburg.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

||See Azerbaijan–Serbia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Belgrade.
  • Serbia has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|23 November 1993

| See Azerbaijan–Slovakia relations

  • Azerbaijan has a consulate in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Baku.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|20 February 1996

| See Azerbaijan–Slovenia relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ljubljana.
  • Slovenia has a consulate in Baku.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|| See Azerbaijan–Spain relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy office in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

|See Azerbaijan–Sweden relations

  • The embassy of Sweden in Baku opened in 2014.
  • Azerbaijan opened an embassy in Stockholm
  • Currently, approximately 10 thousand Azerbaijanis live in Sweden, and in addition about 30 thousand Azerbaijanis from Iran.
  • In 2006, a diaspora organization called «Odlar yurdu» was established in Sweden.
  • In 2010, the Congress of Swedish Azerbaijanis was established.
  • Sweden has an honorary in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

|--valign="top"

|||style="text-align:center"|

|See Azerbaijan–Switzerland relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
  • Switzerland considers Azerbaijan an important country for economic development cooperation.State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO, Economic Cooperation and Development Azerbaijan

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ,

| See Azerbaijan–Ukraine relations

  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Kyiv.
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Baku.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" | ,

|See Azerbaijan – United Kingdom relations

Azerbaijan established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 11 March 1992.

  • Azerbaijan maintains an embassy in London.
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Azerbaijan through its embassy in Baku.

Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, and the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement, and an Investment Agreement.

|}

Oceania

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"

!width="15%"| Country

!width="12%"| Formal Relations Began

!Notes

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Australia–Azerbaijan relations

  • Australia is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Canberra.

|--valign="top"

||| style="text-align:center" |

|See Azerbaijan–New Zealand relations

  • Azerbaijan is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  • New Zealand is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.

|}

International organizations

  • AsDB
  • BSEC
  • CE
  • CIS
  • DAC (participant)
  • EAPC
  • EBRD
  • ECE
  • ECO
  • ESCAP
  • FAO
  • GUAM
  • IAEA
  • IBRD
  • ICAO
  • ICRM
  • IDA
  • IDB
  • IFAD
  • IFC
  • IFRCS
  • ILO
  • IMF
  • IMO
  • Interpol
  • IOC, IOM
  • ISO (correspondent)
  • ITU
  • ITUC
  • OAS (observer)
  • OIC
  • OPCW
  • OSCE
  • PFP (NATO)
  • UN
  • UNCTAD
  • UNESCO
  • UNIDO
  • UPU
  • WCO
  • WFTU
  • WHO
  • WIPO
  • WMO
  • WToO
  • WTO (observer)

Disputes

Nagorno-Karabakh

The frozen conflict over currently largely Armenian-populated region of Nagorno-Karabakh within the Republic of Azerbaijan began when in 1988 the Armenian majority of Nagorno-Karabakh demanded autonomy with demonstrations and persecutions against ethnic Azeris following in Armenia. This led to anti-Armenian rioting in Azerbaijan, with Azerbaijani militias beginning their effort to expel Armenians from the enclave. In 1992, a war broke out and pogroms of Armenians and Azeris forced both groups to flee their homes. In 1994, a Russian-brokered ceasefire ended the war but more than 1 million ethnic Armenians and Azeris are still not able to return. In 2023, an Azerbaijani offensive into Nagorno-Karabakh ended the conflict, with the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh conceding sovereignty to the government of Azerbaijan on January 1, 2024.

Caviar diplomacy

The European Stability Initiative (ESI) has revealed in a report from 2012 with the title "Caviar diplomacy: How Azerbaijan silenced the Council of Europe", that since Azerbaijan's entry into the Council of Europe, each year 30 to 40 deputies are invited to Azerbaijan and generously paid with expensive gifts, including caviar (worth up to 1,400 euro), silk carpets, gold, silver and large amounts of money.Aserbaidschan: Die Kaviar-Diplomatie (German). Der Tagesspiegel. Retrieved 3 August 2013 In return they become lobbyists for Azerbaijan. This practice has been widely referred to as "Caviar diplomacy".Europe's caviar diplomacy with Azerbaijan must end. EUobserver. Retrieved 6 April 2014

ESI also published a report on 2013 Presidential elections in Azerbaijan titled "Disgraced: Azerbaijan and the end of election monitoring as we know it". The report revealed the ties between Azerbaijani government and the members of certain observation missions who praised the elections. Azerbaijan's "Caviar diplomacy" at 2013 presidential elections sparked a major international scandal, as the reports of two authoritative organizations Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe/European Parliament and OSCE/ODIHR completely contradicted one another in their assessments of elections.European MPs' praise for Azerbaijan election sparks row BBC News, 17 October 2013Plush hotels and caviar diplomacy: how Azerbaijan's elite wooed MPs The Guardian 24 November 2013

Non-governmental anti-corruption organization Transparency International has regularly judged Azerbaijan to be one of the most corrupt countries in the world and has also criticized Azerbaijan for the "Caviar diplomacy".How Baku's 'caviar diplomacy' neutered Europe's rights standards . Democracy Digest. Retrieved 4 August 2013

At June 2016 the public prosecutor of Milan has accused the former leader of the (Christian) Union of the center and of the European People's Party of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Luca Volonte of accepting large bribes from representatives of the Azerbaijani government.Corruzione, "tangente da due milioni dall'Azerbaijan": indagato a Milano ex Udc Volontè // Corriere della Sera, 25 June 2016 Two people with high-level experience of the Council of Europe's parliamentary assembly (Pace) have told the Guardian they believe its members have been offered bribes for votes by Azerbaijan. Former Azerbaijani diplomat, Arif Mammadov, alleged that a member of Azerbaijan's delegation at the Council of Europe had €30m (£25m) to spend on lobbying its institutions, including the Council of Europe assembly.Fresh claims of Azerbaijan vote-rigging at European human rights body // The Guardian. 20 April 2017 PACE ratified the terms of reference of an independent external investigation body to carry out a detailed independent inquiry into the allegations of corruption at the council involving Azerbaijan.Corruption inquiry at Council of Europe over Azerbaijan // BBC, 30 May 2017

ESISC report

On 6 March 2017, ESISC (European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center) published a scandalous report called "The Armenian Connection" where it veraciously attacked human rights NGOs and research organisations criticising human rights violations and corruption in Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Russia.AN EXPLORATION INTO AZERBAIJAN'S SOPHISTICATED SYSTEM OF PROJECTING ITS INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE, BUYING WESTERN POLITICIANS AND CAPTURING INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS // Freedom Files Analytical Centre (Civic Solidarity Platform), March 2017

ESISC in that report asserted that "Caviar diplomacy" report elaborated by ESI aimed to create climate of suspicion based on slander to form a network of MPs that would engage in a political war against Azerbaijan. In the Second Chapter of the report called "The Armenian Connection: «Mr X», Nils Muižnieks, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights" that was published on 18 April 2017 ESISC asserted that the network composed of European PMs, Armenian officials and some NGOs: Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, "Human Rights House Foundation", "Open Dialog", European Stability Initiative, and Helsinki Committee for Human Rights, was financed by the Soros Foundation. According to ESISC the key figure of the network since 2012 has been Nils Muižnieks, Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe and the network has served to the interests of George Soros and the Republic of Armenia.

"The report is written in the worst traditions of authoritarian propaganda, makes absurd claims, and is clearly aimed at deflecting the wave of criticism against cover-up of unethical lobbying and corruption in PACE and demands for change in the Assembly", said Freedom Files Analytical Centre.

According Robert Coalson (Radio Free Europe), ESISC is a part of Baku's lobbying efforts to extend to the use of front think tanks to shift public opinion.Baku Smooths Over Its Rights Record With A Thick Layer Of Caviar // Radio Free Europe, 8 November 2013

European Stability Initiative said that "ESISC report is full of lies (such as claiming that German PACE member Strasser holds pro-Armenian views and citing as evidence that he went to Yerevan in 2015 to commemorate the Armenian genocide, when Strasser has never in his life been to independent Armenia)".Merchants of Doubt or investigating Corruption // ESI, 21 April 2017

See also

  • Azerbaijan–European Union relations
  • Azerbaijan–NATO relations
  • Azerbaijan and the International Monetary Fund
  • List of diplomatic missions in Azerbaijan
  • List of diplomatic missions of Azerbaijan
  • Visa requirements for Azerbaijani citizens

References

  • CIA World Factbook 2000 and the 2003 U.S. Department of State website

Further reading

  • Valiyev, Anar: "Azerbaijan and the North Caucasus: A Pragmatic Relationship" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 27
  • Hübner, Gerald: "Foreign Direct Investment in Azerbaijan—the Quality of Quantity" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 28
  • Abbasov, Shahin: "Azerbaijan's Eurovision Story: Great Chances to Improve, But No Political Will" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 32
  • Mazziotti, Marius; Sauerborn, Djan; Scianna, Bastian Matteo: "Multipolarity is key: Assessing Azerbaijan's foreign policy"
  • U.S. Embassy in Azerbaijan in Baku
  • Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in Washington
  • Tajikistan & Kyrgyzstan relations