Firozabad - WikiHQ

Firozabad () is a city near Agra in Firozabad district in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is the centre of India's glassmaking industry and is known for the quality of the bangles and glassware produced here.

During the reign of Akbar, revenue was brought through the city, which was looted by the Afghans. Akbar sent his army led by the Mansab Dar, Firoz Shah, to make the city a cantonment to collect taxes and the city of Chandrawar was renamed as Firozabad after him. The tomb of Firoz Shah is located in the city. From early times, it had glass and bangle works, and small scale industry. The landowners of Firozabad hail from the Siddiqui, Sayed, Manihar, Pathan and the Hindu Rajput castes. Firozabad is located in north central India, in Uttar Pradesh, from Agra, from Shikohabad, from Etawah and around from New Delhi via Yamuna Expressway at the northern edge of the Deccan Plateau, at . It is located above sea level.

The boundaries of Firozabad district touch Etah district in north and Mainpuri and Etawah districts in the east. The Yamuna river makes its southern boundary.

History

The city lies in the cultural region of Braj and was a part of the Surasena Mahajanapada during the Vedic Age. It was subsequently ruled by the bigger kingdoms including the Mauryas, Guptas, Indo-Scythians, Kushans, Indo-Greeks, Harsha before falling into the hands of Brahmin Peshwa, Rajput rulers.

Before the foundation of modern Firozabad, the main city in the area was at Chandwar, on the left bank of the Yamuna a short distance southwest of Firozabad. Chandwar, a stronghold of the Chauhan Rajputs from an early date, was founded by a ruler named Chandrasen according to tradition. Chandwar was conquered several times by the Delhi Sultanate, but its Chauhan rulers seem to have repeatedly asserted their independence over a period of several centuries. One tradition holds that the final defeat of the king Jayachandra by Muhammad of Ghor took place here, at the Battle of Chandwar. According to family traditions of the Bhadaurias, another conquest of Chandwar happened in 1246AD, which may be corroborated by the records kept by the Sultanate, which mention the capture of an unnamed Hindu stronghold in that same year. Shortly after his ascension in 1351, Delhi Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq ordered the construction of a fort in the Chandwar region which he named after himself however the fort soon fell into decay after his death and was subsequently abandoned. Then, after the Delhi Sultan Khizr Khan came to power in 1414, his general Taj ul-Mulk received submission from "the infidels of Chandwar" and then, in 1420, he sacked and looted Chandwar as punishment of some sort. In 1452, Chandwar was the site of a major battle between the Delhi and Jaunpur Sultanates, which led to a three-year truce between the two empires.

The modern city of Firozabad was founded c. 1566, when Raja Todar Mal was returning from a pilgrimage to Gaya and stopped at the village of Asafabad (just southeast of modern Firozabad). The villagers insulted him, and when the emperor Akbar heard of this, he sent the eunuch Firoz Khwaja to demolish the town and build a new one. The city was built on lands belonging to several neighboring villages, including Akbarabad, Sukhmalpur, Muhammadpur-Gajmalpur, Rasulpur, and Pempur-Raipur, and it was named Firozabad in honor of its founder. Firoz Khwaja's tomb, built of white marble, is by the road to Agra. The Yamuna river flows past Firozabad a few kilometers to the south in a heavily meandering course.

The main line of the Northern Railway passes through Firozabad on the south side. A stretch of the old NH 2 runs through Firozabad, going northwest toward Delhi and southeast toward Kolkata. Several large country roads also fan out from the north side of town, including one going northwest to Jalesar and another going northeast to Kotla. The Firozabad Distributary canal goes along the northern and eastern outskirts of the city, and a major city road follows its course from near Kakrau in the northwest to Asafabad at the southeast corner of the built-up area. cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'

Demographics

India census, Firozabad City had a population of 603,797. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Firozabad has an average literacy rate of 75.01% higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 85.32%, and female literacy is 63%. In Firozabad, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 16.55% and 0.39% of the population respectively.

The city lies in the cultural region of Braj and the local language is Brajbhasha.

Economy

Municipal finance

As per the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, the Firozabad Municipal Corporation reported a revenue of ₹123 crore (US$15 million) and an expenditure of ₹127 crore (US$15 million) in 2022–23. Taxes contributed to 7.3% of the revenue, while the corporation received ₹107 crore in grants during the year.

Glass industry

Firozabad is the largest glass manufacturing centre in India, accounting for about 70% of the total glass production in the unorganised sector in India. It is estimated that over 50% of the city's population is employed "directly or indirectly" in the glass industry,