The Ernest Legouve Reef is a phantom reef supposed to be located in the South Pacific, south of the French Tuamotu Islands and east of New Zealand. Krauth reports that it is situated at .
According to a statement of the International Hydrographic Bureau (February 9, 1957), it "was reported in 1902 by the captain of the French ship the Ernest‑Legouvé. The reef was about 100 meters long and another reef was sighted near it." It was recorded the same year in the "Paris Notice to Mariners 164/1122/1902." While it is absent from the 1859 Admiralty Chart, it is unclear if the 1902 sighting is the very first one by the Ernest‑Legouvé or another ship bearing that name.
It was searched for in 1982 and 1983 but not found, leading to it being considered a phantom island. Nevertheless, it is marked in the 2015 edition of the National Geographic Atlas of the World.
Other nearby historically reported reefs which appear to not exist include Wachusett Reef, Jupiter Reef and Maria Theresa Reef (also known as Tabor Island, appearing in Jules Verne's In Search of the Castaways and The Mysterious Island).
Jules Verne's The Mysterious Island
In its location and description, the Ernest Legouve Reef could be considered the real-life approximation of the remains of the fictional "Lincoln Island" of Jules Verne's The Mysterious Island. The novel places the island, before its explosion, very close by, at . After its explosion, it is described – in the Sidney Kravitz translation – as "An isolated rock, thirty feet long, fifteen wide, emerging barely ten feet above the water." The formation is referred to as a "reef" four times after its explosion.
Interestingly, the character, Cyrus Harding, says with surprise after his fellow colonists and he are rescued, "This island isn't even marked on the maps!" But, since their rescue, "this reef [will] henceforth figure on the maps of the Pacific." If Verne is referring to real maps or current sightings, these would be as of 1873–1874.
The reef may also resemble the islet that the castaways first land on, about a half mile off of the coast of Lincoln Island. Verne describes it as "a tiny islet that did not measure more than two miles in length and much less in width." The islet "occupied a narrow strip of the sea and, although larger in scale, resembled the body of an enormous whale. Its width even at its greatest point was not more than a quarter of a mile." And since it was only separated from Lincoln Island by a narrow channel, it could easily be conflated for Lincoln Island itself in its coordinates.
In Verne's 1870 novel, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas, the main characters spend a couple of days on a so-called "Gueboroar Island" (possibly Gabba Island, or Golboa), which contains many similarities with the fictional Mysterious Island.
Further association between fact and fiction comes from Vernian scholar, William Butcher. He explains that the real-life man, Ernest Legouvé (1807–1903), "was a friend of Verne's who promised to help satisfy his cherished ambition of joining the Académie française" and so "there may be a hidden connection somewhere" (xxiv).
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