Emmanuel de Grouchy, marquis de Grouchy (; 23 October 176629 May 1847) was a French military leader who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was the last Marshal of the Empire to be created by Napoleon, and is best known for his actions during the Waterloo campaign.
Early life
Grouchy was born in Paris on 23 October 1766 into a family of the noblesse d'épée, the son of François-Jacques de Grouchy, 1st Marquis de Grouchy (born 1715) and Gilberte Fréteau de Pény (died 1793). He was raised at the Château de Villette (known as "the little Versailles"), his family's estate in Condécourt, northwest of Paris.
Destined to a military career from birth, Grouchy attended the Artillery School of Strasbourg from 1780 to 1781, graduating as lieutenant in the La Fère Regiment.
thumb|Heraldic achievement of Emmanuel de Grouchy as comte d'Empire
At the time of the War of the Fifth Coalition in 1809, Grouchy commanded the cavalry of the Army of Italy in Viceroy Eugène de Beauharnais's advance to Vienna, and contributed to the victories at the battles of Raab and Wagram. He was amnestied by King Louis XVIII in November 1819 and departed for France in May 1820. He was buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.
- Ernestine (1787–1866)
- Alphonse (1789–1864)
- Aimee-Clementine (1791–1826)
- Victor (1796–1864)
He married secondly, in 1827, Joséphine-Fanny Hua (1802–1889) and had 1 daughter: