thumb|Arms of Wentworth, Earls of Strafford (1st and 2nd Creations): Sable, a chevron between three leopard's faces or

thumb|[[Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford (of the first creation)]]

Earl of Strafford is a title that has been created three times in English and British history.

The first creation was in the Peerage of England in January 1640 for the 1st Viscount Wentworth, the close advisor of King Charles I. Lord Wentworth had already succeeded his father as second Baronet of Wentworth Woodhouse in 1614. The Wentworth Baronetcy, of Wentworth Woodhouse in the County of York, had been created in the Baronetage of England on 20 June 1611 for Lord Wentworth's father, William Wentworth. The then Sir Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baronet, was created Baron Wentworth, of Wentworth-Woodhouse, Baron of Newmarch and Oversley, in 1628, and Viscount Wentworth in 1629. He was made Baron Raby in 1640, at the same time he was given the earldom.

In 1641, Lord Strafford, as he then was, was attainted. His son, William, successfully had the attainder reversed in 1662, becoming the second earl, but died without heirs in 1695, when the barony of Wentworth, viscountcy and earldom became extinct. He was succeeded in the barony of Raby according to a special remainder by his first cousin once removed, Thomas Wentworth, who became the third Baron. He was the grandson of Sir William Wentworth, the younger brother of the first Earl of the 1640 creation. While gaining the barony, he did not receive the Woodhouse estate, which was inherited by Thomas Watson, thereafter a source of rivalry between the two men. He had already been created Baron Strafford, of Harmondsworth in the County of Middlesex, in 1833. John Byng was the second son of George Byng (c.1735-1789), son of the Hon. Robert Byng (1703–1740), third son of the 1st Viscount Torrington (1663–1733).

John Byng's mother was Anne Conolly, whose mother was Lady Anne Wentworth, a daughter of the 1st Earl of Strafford (1672–1739; of the second creation). John Byng was thus a great-grandson of the 1st Earl of Strafford (by the second creation). John Byng was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He was a Whig politician and held minor office under Lord Grey, Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell. Wrotham Park was named after the family's original estate in Wrotham, Kent, which they sold.

The traditional burial place of the Byng Earls of Strafford is the Byng Mausoleum at Wrotham Park, not to be confused with the Byng Mausoleum in Southill Church, Bedfordshire, built for the burial of the 1st Viscount Torrington, seated at Southill Park.

Wentworth Baronets, of Wentworth Woodhouse (1611)

  • Sir William Wentworth, 1st Baronet (d. 1614)
  • Sir Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baronet (1593–1641) (created Earl of Strafford in 1640)

Earls of Strafford, First Creation (1640)

  • Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford (1593–1641) (forfeit 1641)
  • William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford (1626–1695) (attainder reversed 1662)

Barons Raby (1640; Reverted)

  • Thomas Wentworth, 3rd Baron Raby (1672–1739) (created Earl of Strafford in 1711)

Earls of Strafford, Second Creation (1711)

  • Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford (1672–1739)
  • William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford (1722–1791)
  • Frederick Thomas Wentworth, 3rd Earl of Strafford (1732–1799)

Barons Strafford, <small>of Harmondsworth</small> (1835)

  • John Byng (created Earl of Strafford in 1847)

Earls of Strafford, Third Creation (1847)

  • John Byng, 1st Earl of Strafford (1772–1860)
  • George Stevens Byng, 2nd Earl of Strafford (1806–1886), son.
  • George Henry Charles Byng, 3rd Earl of Strafford (1830–1898), son.
  • Henry William John Byng, 4th Earl of Strafford (1831–1899), brother.
  • Francis Edmund Cecil Byng, 5th Earl of Strafford (1835–1918), brother.
  • Edmund Henry Byng, 6th Earl of Strafford (1861–1951), son.
  • Robert Cecil Byng, 7th Earl of Strafford (1904–1984), nephew, married Clara Evelyne Wadia, sister of Bombay Dyeing chairman Neville Wadia
  • Thomas Edmund Byng, 8th Earl of Strafford (1936–2016), father of Georgia Byng and Jamie Byng
  • William Robert Byng, 9th Earl of Strafford (b. 1964)

Present peer

William Robert Byng, 9th Earl of Strafford (born 10 May 1964) is the son of the 8th Earl and his wife Jennifer Mary Denise May, daughter of William Morrison May. Styled as Viscount Enfield between 1984 and 2016, he was educated at Winchester College and the University of Durham.