Dysuria is a painful or otherwise uncomfortable sensation in the urethra associated with urination. It can be caused by various conditions, such as urinary tract infections.
It is one of a constellation of irritative bladder symptoms (also sometimes referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms), which includes nocturia and urinary frequency.
Diagnosis
The clinician should also look for physical findings of fever, rash, direct tenderness over the bladder area, and joint pain. Physical findings of increased temperature, increased pulse, low blood pressure in the presence of dysuria can indicate systemic infection. Urological obstruction due to stone or tumor can result in findings of hematuria, decreased urination, and bladder spasms. All these physical findings should be looked for carefully while obtaining history. History regarding recent sexual activity is crucial.
- Chlamydia
- Cystitis
- Hemorrhagic cystitis
- Kidney stones
- Malignancy, i.e., bladder cancer, prostatic cancer, or urethral cancer
- Prostatic enlargement, i.e., benign prostatic hyperplasia (male), prostatic cancer
- Prostatitis (male)
- Pyelonephritis
- Sexually transmitted disease
- Trichomoniasis
- Urethral stricture
- Urethritis
- Urinary schistosomiasis
- Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacterial infection
Other
- Diverticulitis
- Hypotension
- Mass in the abdomen
- Reactive arthritis
- Acute intermittent porphyria
- Hereditary coproporphyria
- Variegate porphyria