thumb|A Perudo set
Dudo (Spanish for I doubt), also known as cacho, pico, perudo, liar's dice, Peruvian liar dice, cachito, or dadinho is a popular dice game played in South America. It is a more specific version of a family of games collectively called liar's dice, which has many forms and variants. This game can be played by two or more players and consists of guessing how many dice, placed under cups, there are on the table showing a certain number. The player who loses a round loses one of their dice. The last player to still have dice is the winner.
Game play
thumb|Each player has five dice and a dice cup
Each player starts having five dice and a cup, which is used for shaking the dice and concealing the dice from the other players.
To decide order of play (who starts and who goes next), players roll a single die. Highest roll goes first, then next lowest and so on. In the event of a tie between 2 players, they simply re-roll until one gains a higher score.
Each game round begins with the players shaking the dice in their cups, then slamming upside down cup on table so that shaken dice remain concealed fully inside the cup. Players carefully lift the cups to look at their own dice while keeping them concealed from other players. The first player then makes a bid about how many dice of a certain value are showing among all players, at a minimum. Aces (ones) are wild, meaning that they count as any other number. For example: a bid of "five threes" is a claim that there are at least five dice showing a three or a one, when you tally up all the dice across all players in the table. The player challenges the next player (moving clockwise) to raise the bid or call dudo to end the round.
;Raise: also known as "bid" in most versions, a player can increase the quantity of dice (e.g. from "five threes" to "six threes") or the die number (e.g. "five threes" to "five sixes") or both. If a player increases the quantity, they can choose any number e.g. a bid may increase from "five threes" to "six twos".
;Bidding aces: a player who wishes to bid aces can halve the quantity of dice, rounding upwards. For instance, if the current bid is "five threes" then the next player would have to bid at least three aces. If the current bid is aces, the next player can call dudo or increase the quantity (e.g. "four aces") or bid a different number, in which case the lower bound on the quantity is one more than double the previous quantity—for instance, from "three aces", a player wishing to bid fours would have to bid "seven fours" or higher. Players are not allowed to begin a round betting on aces unless they have only one die left.
;Call: also known as dudo, if the player calls, it means that they do not believe the previous bid was correct. All dice are then shown and, if the guess is not correct, the previous player (the player who made the bid) loses a die. If it is correct, the player who called loses a die. A player with no dice remaining is eliminated from the game. After calling, a new round starts with the player that lost a die making the first bid, or (if that player was eliminated) the player to that player's left.