Doctor Who missing episodes

thumb|300px|right|Material from missing Doctor Who [[Serial (radio and television)|serials has been released in books and in audio form on CD, and several episodes have been animated for DVD release. DVDs have also been released of surviving episodes from otherwise-missing serials, and tele-snaps exist of many missing episodes. |alt=covers of DVD and CD cases]]

Several portions of the long-running British science-fiction television programme Doctor Who are no longer held by the BBC. Between 1967 and 1978, the BBC routinely deleted archive programmes for various practical reasons—lack of space, scarcity of materials, and a lack of rebroadcast rights. As a result, 95 of 253 episodes from the programme's first six years are currently missing, primarily from seasons 3, 4 and 5, leaving 26 serials incomplete. Many more were considered lost until recovered from various sources, mostly overseas broadcasters and private collectors.

Doctor Who is not unique in its losses, as many broadcasters routinely cleared their archives in this manner. Until the BBC changed its archiving policy in 1978, thousands of hours of programming in all genres were deleted. Other affected BBC series include Hancock's Half Hour, Dad's Army, Z-Cars, The Likely Lads, The Wednesday Play, Till Death Us Do Part, Steptoe and Son, Dixon of Dock Green and Not Only... But Also. ITV regional franchisees, such as Rediffusion Television and Associated Television, also deleted many programmes, including early videotaped episodes of The Avengers.

Doctor Who is unusual in that each of its 95 missing episodes survives in audio form, recorded off-air by fans at home. Most episodes are also represented by production stills, tele-snaps, or short video clips. Furthermore, after careful restoration, all but one of the 1970s episodes are available in full colour.

Efforts to locate the missing episodes have continued, both by the BBC and by fans of the series. The recovered episodes have been extensively restored for release on VHS and DVD; surviving soundtracks have been released on cassette and compact disc. Many missing episodes have had their visuals reconstructed, either through specially commissioned animation or use of surviving footage and photographs.

Background

Between approximately 1967 and 1978, large quantities of videotape and film stored in the BBC's Engineering department and film libraries were wiped or destroyed to make way for newer programmes.

thumb|250px|Film can containing a 16 mm film telerecording print of [[The Evil of the Daleks, Episode 2.]]

Most Doctor Who episodes were made on two-inch videotape for initial broadcast and then telerecorded onto 16 mm film by BBC Enterprises for further commercial use. The BBC had no central archive at the time; the Film Library kept programmes that had been made on film, while the Engineering Department was responsible for storing videotapes. The first Doctor Who master videotapes to be wiped were those for the serial The Highlanders, which were erased on 9 March 1967, a mere two months after Episode 4's original transmission. From around 1972 to 1978, BBC Enterprises also disposed of much of their older material, including many episodes of Doctor Who. The final 1960s telerecordings to be junked were those for the 1966 serial The War Machines, in early 1978, shortly before the junking of material was halted by the intervention of fan Ian Levine.

The BBC Film Library, meanwhile, had no responsibility for storing programmes that had not originated on film, and there were conflicting views between the Film Library and BBC Enterprises over which party held the responsibility for archiving programmes.

Following the purges and subsequent recoveries, gaps in the Doctor Who archive were spread unevenly through its first 11 seasons. Major losses mostly affected First and Second Doctor serials; although three stories are missing just one episode each (Mission to the Unknown, The Tenth Planet Episode 4, and The Web of Fear Episode 3), other stories are lost altogether. Patrick Troughton's era as the Second Doctor is particularly affected; of the 14 stories comprising his first two seasons, only The Tomb of the Cybermen and The Enemy of the World are complete, and these only exist due to telerecordings later returned from Hong Kong

All stories starring Jon Pertwee as the Third Doctor are complete, though many episodes no longer survive on their original videotapes and were only available from black-and-white overseas prints upon recovery; these episodes have subsequently been restored to colour using a variety of methods. In order of original transmissions, the very last Doctor Who master videotapes to be wiped were the first episodes of the 1974 serials Invasion of the Dinosaurs and Death to the Daleks. The latter was recovered from overseas, initially from a tape in the NTSC format, and later in the original PAL format on a tape returned from Dubai.

For four years, Episode 1 of Invasion of the Dinosaurs was the only Pertwee episode to be entirely missing from the archives, until a black-and-white 16 mm copy was returned to the BBC in June 1983. With the exception of the final shot of episode 3 of The Deadly Assassin (1976) and the credits of Parts One and Two of Ghost Light (1989), archival holdings from Death to the Daleks Episode 2 onwards are complete on the original broadcast videotapes.

Unrelated to the regular archive purges, the final shot of The Deadly Assassin Episode 3 (1976) has been excised from the master copy. The shot was removed after its initial UK transmission, following complaints from Mary Whitehouse of the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association. Subsequent repeats and commercial releases have restored the shot from off-air video copies.

Among the most sought-after lost episodes is Episode 4 of the final William Hartnell serial, The Tenth Planet, which ends with the First Doctor's regeneration into the Second. The only portion of the episode still in existence, bar a few poor-quality silent 8mm clips, is the final 27 seconds, comprising the regeneration itself and a few seconds leading up to it. The sequence had been shown in a 1973 episode of Blue Peter and was retained in that show's archive.

Even after the end of the purge, other archive issues persist. Serials from Seasons 22–26 were shown in Germany, with soundtracks dubbed into the German language; some of these episodes no longer exist in German television archives.

Continuing search

On 20 April 2006, it was announced on Blue Peter that a life-sized Dalek would be given to anyone who found and returned one of the missing episodes.

In January 2007, ITV began a campaign called "Raiders of the Lost Archive" and although the campaign was run by ITV, they were also looking to find Doctor Who episodes and other BBC shows. One episode of the Raiders of the Lost Archive show aired in January 2007 and a further two episodes in July 2009.

In December 2012, the Radio Times listings magazine announced it was launching the hunt for more Doctor Who episodes, to tie-in with the show's 50th anniversary. The Radio Times issued its own list of missing episodes. The magazine has also set up an email address specifically for Doctor Who missing episodes that the public can use to contact it if they have any information. In August 2020, he described how a copy of The Daleks' Master Plan may have survived in Australia. He reiterated in March 2021 that missing Doctor Who episodes do exist out there.

In April 2020, Philip Morris repeated that the remaining missing episode of The Web of Fear was stolen, and claimed that "at least six" missing episodes are currently in the hands of private collectors, but they are uncertain how they would be treated if they returned the episodes to the BBC. Morris later tweeted that a blog claiming he was negotiating with these collectors was "completely false and fake".

In November 2023, film collector John Franklin repeated Vanezis' claims to The Observer, However, Franklin later responded to the Observer article by saying it was "a misrepresentation of the conversation between myself and the journalist, and most unhelpful".

In October 2025, Franklin, on behalf of Film is Fabulous! (FIF), a charitable trust dedicated to preserving film collections across the UK, mentioned a private collector that possessed important film materials, including a missing episode of Doctor Who. The collector agreed to have his collection catalogued and scanned, but fell ill and died shortly before it could happen. As a result, Film is Fabulous! asked the courts to have the estate executor allow the previous agreement to go through. Franklin also mentioned that "We are aware of several collectors – plural – with several episodes of Doctor Who that are missing from the archive – plural – that are in private collections and with former industry professionals. We are aware of those and we are actively discussing their whole collections." On 13 March 2026, it was announced that FIF had recovered two missing episodes, Episodes 1 and 3 of The Daleks' Master Plan, from a private collection, marking the first discovery since 2013. According to Justin Smith of FIF: "We know that other episodes are in existence. We don't know where they are or who's got them – otherwise we'd be knocking on doors. But, yeah, I think there are more. The only question is when and where they will come to light."

Compared with other series

Compared with other BBC series broadcast in the 1960s, Doctor Who is well-represented in surviving episodes. Of the 253 episodes broadcast during the 1960s, 158 are known to have survived – mainly due to copies produced for overseas sales. For example, Seasons 1 and 2, the most widely sold abroad of the 1960s era, are missing only nine and two episodes, respectively. By contrast, the less well-sold Season 4 has no complete serials, while Season 5 has only two complete serials (The Tomb of the Cybermen and The Enemy of the World). Doctor Whos high profile and large cult following has also helped to ensure the return of episodes which, for other less well-remembered and obscure programmes, might never have occurred.

Of all ongoing BBC series from the 1960s, only Steptoe and Son and Maigret have a similar survival record, with all episodes from both series existing in some form. Doctor Who is also comparatively rare amongst contemporaries in that it is one of the few BBC series (along with Dad's Army and The Morecambe and Wise Show) to have all of its 1970s episodes exist as masters or telerecordings, while other series such as Z-Cars and Dixon of Dock Green are missing episodes from as late as 1975.

Missing episodes

List of missing episodes

, there are 95 episodes unaccounted for. The missing episodes span 26 serials, including 10 full serials. Most of the gaps are from seasons 3, 4 and 5, which currently lack a total of 77 episodes across 21 (out of 26) serials. By contrast, seasons 1, 2, and 6 are missing just 18 episodes, across 5 (out of 26) serials. Of these missing stories, all but three – Marco Polo, "Mission to the Unknown", and The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve – have surviving clips. All episodes also have full surviving audio tracks.

Many of these missing serials have been officially "completed" by using animation and/or telesnap reconstruction, and then subsequently released commercially by BBC Worldwide.

While the Patrick Troughton era is missing more episodes (53 as compared to 42 for William Hartnell), there are more Hartnell stories completely missing (6 as compared to 4). Serials highlighted in are missing all episodes. Serials highlighted in are missing more than half of their episodes. All others listed are missing at least one, but at most half, of their episodes.

{|class="wikitable sortable"

! rowspan=2 | Doctor (missing)

! rowspan=2 | Season

! rowspan=2 | Missing (total)

! rowspan=2 | Story

! rowspan=2 | Serial

! rowspan=2 | Missing / total

! rowspan=2 | Episode(s) missing

| align=center | 2

| align=center | 2 (out of 39)

| align=center | 014

| The Crusade

| align=center | 2 / 4

| 2, 4

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2022

| rowspan=7 align=center | 3

| rowspan=7 align=center | 26 (out of 45)

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 3 / 4

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 1–2, 4

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2021

|style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2021

| align=center | 020

| The Myth Makers

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4 / 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| align=center | 021

| The Daleks' Master Plan

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 7 / 12

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 4, 6–9, 11–12

| align=center | 022

| The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4 / 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| align=center | 024

| The Celestial Toymaker

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 3 / 4

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 1–3

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2024

| align=center | 026

| The Savages

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4 / 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2025

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2000

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2005

| align=center | 031

| The Highlanders

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4 / 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 2 / 4

| 1, 4

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2023

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2015

| align=center | 033

| The Moonbase

| align=center | 2 / 4

| 1, 3

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2014

| align=center | 034

| The Macra Terror

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4 / 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2019

| align=center | 035

| The Faceless Ones

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 4 / 6

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 2, 4–6

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2020

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2021

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2022

| align=center | 041

| The Web of Fear

| align=center | 1 / 6

| 3

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2021

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2013

| align=center | 042

| Fury from the Deep

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 6 / 6

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | All

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2020

| align=center | 043

| The Wheel in Space

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 4 / 6

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 1–2, 4–5

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2017

| rowspan=2 align=center | 6

| rowspan=2 align=center | 7 (out of 44)

| align=center | 046

| The Invasion

| align=center | 2 / 8

| 1, 4

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 2006

| align=center | 049

| The Space Pirates

| style="background:#fcffb8;" align=center | 5 / 6

| style="background:#fcffb8;" | 1, 3–6

! colspan=3 |

! colspan=2 align=center | 26 incomplete serials

! colspan=2 align=center | 95 missing episodes

! 53 episodes

! 1 episode

! 47 episodes

Orphaned episodes

Serials that are over 50% complete (e.g., The Reign of Terror, The Tenth Planet) have been issued as standalone releases, with the missing episodes bridged using animation, visual reconstructions, or narration to the camera. Surviving episodes which form 50% or less of a complete story – referred to as "orphaned" episodes – have been released by the BBC in compilations (e.g., Lost in Time), or as extras on releases of complete serials. A few four-episode serials of which 50% remain (e.g., The Underwater Menace, The Moonbase) have also been issued as standalone releases.

In 2023, all Doctor Who episodes in the BBC archive – with the exception of An Unearthly Child due to licensing issues – were added to the iPlayer service. Depending on the circumstances, the animated reconstructions were also added to iPlayer.

Cells highlighted in indicate releases where the orphaned episode has been combined with animated episodes to provide a complete serial. Cells highlighted in indicate releases where the orphaned episode was also animated.

{| class="wikitable"

! Doctor

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! VHS

! DVD

! Blu-ray

! iPlayer

| rowspan=9 align=center | First

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 008

| The Reign of Terror

| Ep 1–3, 6: The Reign of Terror box set

| rowspan=2 align=center | 2

| rowspan=2 align=center | 014

| rowspan=2 | The Crusade

| Ep 3: The Hartnell Years

| rowspan=2 | Ep 1, 3: Lost in Time

| rowspan=2 | Ep 1, 3: The Collection: Season 2

| rowspan=2 | Ep 1, 3

| Ep 1, 3: The Crusade box set

| rowspan=5 align=center | 3

| rowspan=2 align=center | 018

| rowspan=2 | Galaxy 4

| rowspan=2

| Ep 3: The Aztecs: Special Edition DVD

| rowspan=2

| align=center | 021

| The Daleks' Master Plan

| Ep 5, 10: Daleks – The Early Years

| Ep 2, 5, 10: Lost in Time This first version of the episode was never retained, except for one small portion of it which was used as part of the reprise at the beginning of Episode 2.

Planet of Giants is another unusual example. It was originally recorded as four episodes, with Episodes 1–3 directed by Mervyn Pinfield, and Episode 4 by Douglas Camfield. To create a faster-paced climax, Episodes 3 and 4 were combined and reduced to form a single episode, with Camfield credited as director. This decision, made by then-Head of Drama Sydney Newman, resulted in a gap at the end of the second production block, which led to the creation of "Mission to the Unknown".

While the master videotapes for Episodes 1 to 3 of Planet of Giants were wiped in January 1969, the fate of Episode 4's original studio recording tape is not known, though it is generally believed that all material not used in the combined final episode was junked.

{|class="wikitable"

! Doctor

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! Lost Episodes

! Details

| rowspan=2 | First

| 1

| 002

| The Daleks

| 1

| Episode remounted. The reprise at the beginning of Episode 2 contains footage from the original version, which is otherwise missing.

| 2

| 009

| Planet of Giants

| 3, 4

| Edited together into a single episode before the original broadcast, airing as Episode 3. There is no official 4th episode for this serial. The unaired versions are missing.

Recovery

Episodes

When the BBC's complete holdings (both the BBC Film & Videotape Library and the BBC Enterprises) were first audited in 1978, the following episodes were absent from their collective archives, but have subsequently been returned to the Corporation through various methods. The 16 stories have all episodes existing as a result. Except where indicated, all episodes were returned as 16 mm telerecording negatives or prints.

Note: Except for Invasion of the Dinosaurs and Death to the Daleks, all Third Doctor episodes already have 16 mm telerecordings existing in the BBC archives.

{|class="wikitable"

! rowspan=2 | Doctor

! rowspan=2 | Season

! rowspan=2 | Story no.

! rowspan=2 | Serial

! rowspan=2 | Total Eps

! rowspan=2 | In archive

! rowspan=2 | # Returned (Eps No.)

! colspan=3 | Recovered from

! Source

! Country/Territory

! Year

| rowspan=11 | First

| rowspan=2 align=center | 1

| rowspan=2 align=center | 008

| rowspan=2 | The Reign of Terror

| rowspan=2 align=center | 6

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4 (1–3, 6)

| CyBC (ep. 1–3)

| align=center | Cyprus

| align=center | 1984

| Private collector (ep. 6)

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 1982

| rowspan=2 align=center | 2

| align=center | 014

| The Crusade

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2

| align=center | 1 (1)

| Private collector

| align=center | New Zealand

| align=center | 1999

|- style="background:#E1FFd1;"

| align=center | 017

| The Time Meddler

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1, 3–4)

| NTV

| align=center | Nigeria

| align=center | 1985

| rowspan=7 align=center | 3

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 1 (3)

| Private collector

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 2011

| rowspan=3 align=center | 021

| rowspan=3 | The Daleks' Master Plan

| rowspan=3 align=center | 12

| rowspan=3 align=center | 5

| rowspan=3 align=center | 5 (1–3, 5, 10)

| Private collector (ep. 1 & 3)

| rowspan=3 align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 2026

| Private collector (ep. 2)

| align=center | 2004

| LDS Church (ep. 5 & 10)

| align=center | 1983

| align=center | 024

| The Celestial Toymaker

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 1 (4)

| ABC

| align=center | Australia

| align=center | 1984

|- style="background:#E1FFd1;"

| rowspan=2 align=center | 027

| rowspan=2 | The War Machines

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4 (1–4)

| NTV (ep. 1, 3, 4)

| align=center | Nigeria

| align=center | 1985

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" | Private collector (ep. 2 unedited)

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | Australia

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 1978

! colspan=3 | First Doctor totals

! colspan=3 | 7 serials

! colspan=5 | 19 episodes

| rowspan=12 | Second

| rowspan=3 align=center | 4

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2

| align=center | 1 (2)

| Private collector

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 2011

| rowspan=1 align=center | 035

| rowspan=1 | The Faceless Ones

| rowspan=1 align=center | 6

| rowspan=1 align=center | 2

| rowspan=1 align=center | 1 (3)

| Private collector

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 1987

| align=center | 036

| The Evil of the Daleks

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 1 (2)

| Private collector

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 1987

| rowspan=7 align=center | 5

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 037

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" | The Tomb of the Cybermen

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 4

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 4 (1–4)

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" | ATV

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | Hong Kong

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 1992

| align=center | 038

| The Abominable Snowmen

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 1 (2)

| Private collector

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 1982

| align=center | 039

| The Ice Warriors

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 4 (1, 4–6)

| BBC

| align=center | United Kingdom

| align=center | 1988

|- style="background:#E1FFd1;"

| align=center | 040

| The Enemy of the World

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 5 (1–2, 4–6)

| NTV (as NTSC)

| align=center | Canada

| align=center | 1981

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" | Dubai 33 (as PAL)

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | United Arab Emirates

| style="background:#E1FFd1;" align=center | 1991

! colspan=3 | Third Doctor totals

! colspan=3 | 10 serials

! colspan=5 | 36 episodes

! colspan=3 | Totals

! colspan=3 | 28 serials

! colspan=5 | 85 episodes

Sources of recovered episodes

In the years since the BBC archive was first audited in 1978, a number of episodes then absent have been returned from various sources.

BBC holdings

Film Library oddities

When the BBC audited its Film Library in 1977, only 47 episodes were found to exist. These Film Library copies were a random sampling of viewing prints for various episodes, along with seven of the nine episodes that had originally been telerecorded onto film for editing and/or transmission, rather than recorded to videotape. These film-originated masters were stored in the Film Library, rather than in the Engineering Department with the videotapes. Of the 50 episodes recovered since the original BBC audit of its holdings, 24 have been returned from overseas broadcasters:

{|class="wikitable sortable"

! Country !! TV network(s) !! 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Doctor episodes purchased !! Episodes recovered

| || Aden TV || 53 || 0

| || ABC TV || 338 || 5

| || CBC-TV || 117 || 0

| || ZFB-TV || 26 || 0

| || CBC TV (1965), CKVU (1976–1982), and TVO (1976–1993) || 99 || 31

| || CyBC TV || 36 || 3

| || ETV || 77 || 0

| || ZDF || 1–6 || 0

| || GBC TV || 26 || 0

| || GTV || 161 || 0

| || RTV || 166 || 4

| || NITV || 53 || 0

| || JBC TV || 81 || 0

| || VOK TV || 53 || 0

| || MTV || 71 || 0

| || MBC TV || 75 || 0

| || NZBC TV || 179 || 1

| || RKTV || 118 || 15

| || RTV || 53 || 0

| || SLTV || 129 || 0

| || Channel 5 || 318 || 0

| || HSA-TV || 53 || 0

| || TTT || 53 || 0

| || UTV || 75 || 0

| || Dubai 33 || 48 || 1

| || ZTV || 205 || 0

Note that on occasion some broadcasters purchased Doctor Who telerecordings (usually 16 mm) but subsequently cancelled the order.

Nigerian television has been a particularly fruitful source for episode recovery; a total of 15 out of the 50 episodes recovered since 1978 have been reclaimed from Nigeria, leading to the completion of three full serials (The Time Meddler, The War Machines, and The Enemy of the World) and the near completion of a fourth (The Web of Fear).

The Time Meddler and The War Machines

In October 1984, Ian Levine found various episodes in the RKTV archive in Nigeria. These included former New Zealand copies of "The Watcher", "A Battle of Wits", and "Checkmate", along with a redundant copy of "The Meddling Monk" and the former New Zealand copies of Episodes 1, 3 & 4 of The War Machines, along with another copy of Episode 2 (which was already found in 1978) in the RKTV archive in Nigeria, meaning that "The Time Meddler" and "The War Machines" were finally complete.

The Reign of Terror

In October 1984, copies of "A Land of Fear", "Guests of Madame Guillotine", and "A Change of Identity", along with another copy of "Prisoners of Conciergerie" (which was already found in 1982), were found in Cyprus. They were duly returned in early 1985 and the recovery was formally announced in July of that year. Cyprus did not screen The Reign of Terror (broadcasts ended with the showing of episode 6 of The Sensorites on 25 November 1966). As a result of these episode recoveries, only two episodes (parts 4 and 5, "The Tyrant of France" and "A Bargain of Necessity") remain missing; although copies of these episodes had also been held in Cyprus, they were destroyed during the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus. For the 2013 DVD release, episodes 4 and 5 were animated by Planet 55 Studios and Big Finish Productions.

The Celestial Toymaker

In 1985, during the routine examination of its film archive, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation discovered a 16mm film print copy of "The Final Test" in Australia, but the reel had actually originated from Singapore. When the film copy was returned to the BBC, it was discovered that the 'Next Episode' caption had been removed.

The Tomb of the Cybermen

The Tomb of the Cybermen was prepared for release in early 1992 on audio cassette as part of the "Missing Stories" collection, with narration by Jon Pertwee. Then in late 1991, telerecordings of all four episodes were returned to the BBC from the Hong Kong-based Rediffusion company. In May 1992, the serial was released on VHS with a special introduction from director Morris Barry.

Between 1991 and 2013, the serial was the only complete story from Season 5 (and the only complete serial to feature Deborah Watling as Victoria Waterfield).

The Enemy of the World and The Web of Fear

Following months of rumours that around 90 missing episodes were discovered in an African archive (dubbed the "Omnirumour"), in October 2013 the BBC announced the return of 9 missing episodes from a television relay station in Jos, Nigeria. In the course of his work abroad, Philip Morris of Television International Enterprises Archives had discovered episodes 1–6 of The Enemy of the World and episodes 1–6 of The Web of Fear and returned 11 of these to the BBC. Episode 3 of The Web Of Fear was part of the find, but the episode disappeared "en route" to the UK, with Morris presuming it was sold to a private collector. The return of the nine missing episodes was the single largest recovery of Doctor Who episodes in 25 years, resulting in the second full serial from Troughton's first two seasons to exist in the BBC's archives.

Both serials were promptly released on iTunes, with DVD releases following over the next few months. On both the iTunes and the DVD release, episode 3 of The Web of Fear was represented by a tele-snap reconstruction.

In a 2025 interview, Philip Morris blamed Ian Levine for spreading the omnirumour.

Private collectors

Several episodes have been returned by private film collectors, who at some point acquired 16 mm film prints intended for sale to foreign broadcasters.

The Abominable Snowmen and Invasion of the Dinosaurs

In 1975, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation returned all six broadcast prints of The Abominable Snowmen and telerecordings of the first three episodes of Invasion of the Dinosaurs to the BBC to be disposed of.

Roger Stevens was working for the BBC as a film editor in the 1980s, and one morning, as he was travelling to work by train, he bumped into a BBC colleague and they began to talk about Doctor Who episodes. The BBC projectionist mentioned that he had nine episodes of Doctor Who that Stevens could buy for £25.

The Reign of Terror

In 1974, the Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation returned all six broadcast prints of The Reign of Terror to the BBC to be disposed of. Episode 6 was recovered by Bruce Campbell when he attended a film fair in the 1980s and began chatting to a stall holder who informed him that one of his regular customers had in their possession The Reign of Terror episode 6. Campbell got in contact with the customer, bought the missing episode for £50, and then, in May 1982, donated it to the BBC through Ian Levine.

The Wheel in Space

In 1984 Doctor Who Magazine (issue #87) ran a story about a rumour of a missing Doctor Who episode that was in Portsmouth; this led to episode 3 of The Wheel in Space being loaned to the BBC in April 1984 by David Stead to allow for a copy to be made. It was released on VHS in 1992, with poor results.

The Crusade

Although the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation received copies of The Crusade, it never broadcast the story due to a prohibitive rating from censors. NZBC never returned its film prints to the BBC and junked them in 1974, along with other episodes of Doctor Who. In 1998, film collector Bruce Grenville purchased a 16 mm copy of The Crusade episode 1 from a stall at a New Zealand film fair, containing various material previously rescued from a Wellington rubbish tip. Through a series of chance meetings, the episode eventually was loaned to the BBC in January 1999 where a copy was made using D3 videotape. The original print was returned to Grenville, who sold it on eBay in January 2000.

Galaxy 4 and The Underwater Menace

In 1975, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation returned all eight broadcast prints of Galaxy 4 and The Underwater Menace to the BBC for disposal.

Other sources

The Daleks' Master Plan

The Daleks' Master Plan was never sold abroad; only Australia requested viewing copies (excepting Episode 7, "The Feast of Steven"), and eventually declined to purchase the serial. This viewing copy was archived at ABC's Gore Hill studio, which was sold in 2003. The episodes may have been returned to the BBC in 1975, but according to Paul Vanezis they may also still be in Australia. Episode 2 was returned in 2004 by former BBC engineer Francis Watson. He had come across the film in the 1970s, while clearing a projector testing room at the BBC's Ealing Studios. Instead of disposing of the film as instructed, he brought it home – eventually to return it to the BBC when he realised its value. In March 2026, the BBC announced that Film is Fabulous! had recovered episodes 1 and 3 from a private collection. The episodes were found in a deceased collector's cardboard box with other prints in 2026. To protect the identity of the deceased private collector, the circumstances of how the episodes were acquired by the collector have been withheld from the public. Four other Hartnell-era episodes, all of which already existed in the archives, were located in the same collection.

The Ice Warriors

In August 1988, BBC Enterprises was in the process of moving out of Villiers House in Ealing. During the clearing out, an employee found several film cans pushed to the back of a storage cupboard. The cans found were labelled The Ice Warriors episodes 2, 4, 5, 6. On inspection of the prints, the can labelled Ice Warriors 2 actually contained episode 1 (the label had all the correct details for episode 1 except for the installment number). Episodes 4, 5 & 6 were present in their respective cans, thus only leaving episodes 2 and 3 missing.

Additionally, a can labelled Fury from the Deep episode 6 was also found alongside the other cans, but the print contained a different program.

Incomplete recovered episodes

Of the 50 recovered episodes, several are missing short segments – due either to overseas censorship or to damage to the surviving film print. The following table shows all affected episodes, and the total duration of missing material.

{|class="wikitable"

! Doctor

! Story no.

! Serial

! Eps

! Incomplete episode

! Missing (mm:ss)

! Reason missing

| rowspan=7 | First

| rowspan=2 align=center | 005

| rowspan=2 | The Keys of Marinus

| rowspan=2 align=center | 6

| align=center | Episode 2

| align=center | 00:07

| Film damage

| align=center | Episode 4

| align=center | 00:10

| Film damage

| align=center | 017

| The Time Meddler

| align=center | 4

| align=center | Episode 4

| align=center | 00:12

| Overseas censorship

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| align=center | 4

| align=center | Episode 3

| align=center | 00:27

| Film damage

| align=center | 024

| The Celestial Toymaker

| align=center | 4

| align=center | Episode 4

| align=center | 00:05

| Cut from film

| rowspan=2 align=center | 027

| rowspan=2 | The War Machines

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| align=center | Episode 3

| align=center | 01:00

| Overseas censorship

| align=center | Episode 4

| align=center | 00:08

| Overseas censorship

! colspan=2 | First Doctor totals

! 5 serials

! colspan=2 | 7 episodes

! colspan=5 | 2 minutes 9 seconds

| rowspan=2 | Second

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4

| align=center | Episode 2

| align=center | 00:02

| Film damage

| align=center | 035

| The Faceless Ones

| align=center | 6

| align=center | Episode 3

| align=center | 00:20

| Film damage

! colspan=2 | Second Doctor totals

! 2 serials

! colspan=2 | 2 episodes

! colspan=5 | 0 minutes 22 seconds

! colspan=2 | Totals

! 7 serials

! colspan=2 | 9 episodes

! colspan=5 | 2 minutes 31 seconds

Clips

Of the 95 missing episodes, 36 are represented by short "orphan" clips, recovered from various sources. These clips span 17 of the 26 serials affected by missing episodes, seven of which are otherwise completely missing. The only serials lacking any footage whatsoever are Marco Polo, "Mission to the Unknown", and The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve. The following table shows all recovered excerpts, together with pertinent episodes, format of the clips, and the source of recovery. Otherwise-missing serials are in red.

{|class="wikitable"

! rowspan=2 | Doctor

! rowspan=2 | Season

! rowspan=2 | Story no.

! rowspan=2 | Serial

! rowspan=2 | No. Eps

! colspan=6 | Recovered from

! From Ep.

! Recovered (mm:ss)

! Format

! Source

! Country/ Territory

! Total (mm:ss)

| rowspan=18 | First

| align=center rowspan=2 | 1

| align=center rowspan=2 | 008

| rowspan=2 | The Reign of Terror

| align=center rowspan=2 | 6

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:10

| rowspan=2 | 8mm cine

| rowspan=2 | Private individual

| rowspan=2 | Australia

| align=center rowspan=2 | 00:21

| align=center | Ep. 5

| align=center | 00:11

| align=center rowspan=11 | 3

| rowspan=3 align=center | 018

| rowspan=3 | Galaxy 4

| rowspan=3 align=center | 4

| rowspan=3 align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:10

| 8mm cine

| Private individual

| Australia

| rowspan=3 align=center | 06:03

| align=center | 05:23

| rowspan=2 | 16 mm telerecording

| Private collector

| rowspan=2 | United Kingdom

| align=center | 00:30

| BBC

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=5 align=center | 020

| rowspan=5 | The Myth Makers

| rowspan=5 align=center | 4

| align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:21

| rowspan=4 | 8mm cine

| rowspan=4 | Private individual

| rowspan=4 | Australia

| rowspan=5 align=center | 00:56+

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 2

| align=center | 00:15

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 3

| align=center | 00:05

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:15

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:0?

| 35 mm film

| BBC

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 021

| The Daleks' Master Plan

| align=center | 12

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:58

| 16 mm telerecording

| BBC

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 00:58

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=2 align=center | 026

| rowspan=2 | The Savages

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| align=center | Ep. 3

| align=center | 00:03

| rowspan=2 | 8mm cine

| rowspan=2 | Private individual

| rowspan=2 | Australia

| rowspan=2 align=center | 00:44

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:41

| align=center rowspan=5 | 4

| rowspan=3 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 028

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=3 | The Smugglers

| rowspan=3 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 4

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | Ep. 1

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 00:23

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=3 | 16 mm telerecording

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=3 | National Archives

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=3 | Australia

| rowspan=3 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 00:50

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 3

| align=center | 00:24

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:03

| rowspan=2 align=center | 029

| rowspan=2 | The Tenth Planet

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:51

| 8mm cine

| Private individual

| Australia

| rowspan=2 align=center | 01:18

| align=center | 00:27

| 16 mm telerecording

| BBC

| United Kingdom

! colspan=3 | First Doctor totals

! 7 serials

! colspan=2 | 14 episodes

! colspan=5 | 11 minutes 7+ seconds

| rowspan=28 | Second

| align=center rowspan=18 | 4

| rowspan=9 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 030

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=9 | The Power of the Daleks

| rowspan=9 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 6

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 1

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 00:35

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | 8mm cine

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | Private individual

| style="background:#FFE1F1;" | Australia

| rowspan=9 style="background:#FFE1F1;" align=center | 02:58

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:19

| 16 mm telerecording

| BBC

| United Kingdom

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 2

| align=center | 00:24

| 8mm cine

| Private individual

| rowspan=2 | Australia

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=3 align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:10

| 16 mm telerecording

| ABC

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:21

| 16 mm film insert

| BBC

| rowspan=2 | United Kingdom

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:05

| 35 mm film

| Private individual

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 5

| align=center | 00:18

| 16 mm telerecording

| ABC

| Australia

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:40

| rowspan=2 | 16 mm film

| rowspan=2 | BBC

| rowspan=2 | United Kingdom

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 6

| align=center | 00:06

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 031

| The Highlanders

| align=center | 4

| align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:13

| 16 mm telerecording

| National Archives

| Australia

| align=center | 00:13

| rowspan=2 align=center | 032

| rowspan=2 | The Underwater Menace

| rowspan=2 align=center | 4

| align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:14

| rowspan=2 | 16 mm telerecording

| rowspan=2 | National Archives

| rowspan=2 | Australia

| rowspan=2 align=center | 00:17

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:03

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=3 align=center | 034

| rowspan=3 | The Macra Terror

| rowspan=3 align=center | 4

| align=center | Ep. 2

| align=center | 00:26

| rowspan=2 | 16 mm telerecording

| rowspan=2 | National Archives

| rowspan=3 | Australia

| rowspan=3 align=center | 01:20

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 3

| align=center | 00:02

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | 00:52

| 8mm cine

| Private individual

| rowspan=2 align=center | 035

| rowspan=2 | The Faceless Ones

| rowspan=2 align=center | 6

| align=center | Ep. 2

| align=center | 00:03

| 8mm cine

| Private individual

| Australia

| rowspan=2 align=center | 00:23

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:20

| 16 mm film

| BFI

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 036

| The Evil of the Daleks

| align=center | 7

| align=center | Ep. 7

| align=center | 00:03

| 16 mm film

| Private collector

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 00:03

| align=center rowspan=9 | 5

| align=center | 038

| The Abominable Snowmen

| align=center | 6

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:08

| 16 mm film

| BBC

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 00:08

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| rowspan=4 align=center | 042

| rowspan=4 | Fury from the Deep

| rowspan=4 align=center | 6

| align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:19

| rowspan=4 | 16 mm telerecording

| BBC

| United Kingdom

| rowspan=4 align=center | 02:15

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 2

| align=center | 00:54

| rowspan=3 | National Archives

| rowspan=3 | Australia

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:31

|- style="background:#FFE1F1;"

| align=center | Ep. 5

| align=center | 00:31

| rowspan=4 align=center | 043

| rowspan=4 | The Wheel in Space

| rowspan=4 align=center | 6

| rowspan=2 align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 00:??

| 35 mm film

| rowspan=2 | BBC

| rowspan=2 | United Kingdom

| rowspan=4 align=center | 00:13+

| align=center | 00:04

| rowspan=3 | 16 mm telerecording

| align=center | Ep. 4

| align=center | 00:03

| National Archives

| Australia

| align=center | Ep. 5

| align=center | 00:06

| Private collector

| New Zealand

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 049

| The Space Pirates

| align=center | 6

| align=center | Ep. 1

| align=center | 01:05

| 35 mm film insert

| BBC

| United Kingdom

| align=center | 01:05

! colspan=3 | Second Doctor totals

! 10 serials

! colspan=2 | 22 episodes

! colspan=5 | 8 minutes 55+ seconds

! colspan=3 | Totals

! 17 serials

! colspan=2 | 36 episodes

! colspan=5 | 20 minutes 2+ seconds

Excised clips

thumb|Bill Burridge as Mr. Quill, in a scene excised by the Australian Film Censorship Board from the missing serial [[Fury from the Deep]]

Some overseas viewing prints were physically edited for content by local censor boards before transmission, for reasons such as excessive violence, fright-inducing material, and, in some cases, the conservative personal views of the censors. Additionally, episodes might occasionally receive minor edits for timing reasons as well, in order to fill their allocated broadcast slot along with advertising. Hence, episodes recovered from these sources (Australia, New Zealand) are missing these segments.

Later discoveries turned up a large number of excised clips, held by interested parties as proof of the edits. In October 1996, Australian Doctor Who fans Damian Shanahan and Ellen Parry discovered a collection in the records of the National Archives of Australia, The clips from The Underwater Menace, episode 2 were later found to precisely match the edits to the print discovered in late 2011, suggesting that the recovered episode was exactly the same print that had been censored decades before.

In an interview for the fanzine The Disused Yeti, Shanahan stated that although he and Parry had found paper records relating to the censoring of early to mid William Hartnell stories, the excised portions for all stories from An Unearthly Child to The Gunfighters had been destroyed some time before Shanahan and Parry's investigation.

In 2002, New Zealand fan Graham Howard uncovered excised clips from episodes 2, 4 & 5 of The Web of Fear and episode 5 of The Wheel in Space.

From other Doctor Who episodes

Due to the show's habit of repeating cliffhanger footage, sometimes missing episode material can be found in surviving neighbour episodes. Episode 2 of The Daleks uses a prefilmed reprise from the original recording of Episode 1, which later had to be remounted; the original version of Episode 1 is presumed to have been destroyed.

A brief clip from Episode 4 of The Crusade exists at the very start of The Space Museum. Episode 1 of the latter serial begins with the characters in period costume, briefly frozen in place. An off-camera cough heard on both soundtracks shows that the clip was a filmed insert from the previous (and currently missing) episode.

In its lead-in to an upcoming repeat, The Wheel in Space episode 6 contains a short three-frame clip from The Evil of the Daleks episode 1, alongside a reprise from the existing episode 2 of that serial.

Other episodes contain straight excerpts from earlier serials, such as episode 10 of The War Games, which employs model shots from the first episodes of Fury from the Deep, The Web of Fear and The Wheel in Space.

From other television programmes

thumb|250px|A short film sequence from [[The Power of the Daleks, Episode 5. It survived through a 1968 edition of Whicker's World which featured an interview with Dalek creator Terry Nation.]]

Clips from some missing episodes also survive due to their use in other surviving programmes. For example, excerpts from Episode 4 of The Daleks' Master Plan were used in a 1973 edition of Blue Peter, and scenes from The Power of the Daleks in an Australian programme called Perspective: C for Computer. After being alerted to the footage, Paul Vanezis of the Doctor Who Restoration Team tracked down the uncut version of the clip. At a total of 5m 53s, this clip is the longest piece of surviving footage from an otherwise missing episode, accounting for a quarter of the total running time.

Rare behind the scenes clips

Apart from actual episode footage, rare behind-the-scenes material also was discovered for The Smugglers, The Evil of the Daleks, The Abominable Snowmen, and Fury from the Deep. Also from the latter serial exists some raw footage from the filming of Episode 6, featuring some alternative camera angles from what was eventually broadcast.

Audio soundtracks

Although numerous episodes are still missing, full-length audio soundtracks for all missing episodes are held by the BBC. While the quality of these off-air recordings varies greatly, multiple fan recordings exist for every episode.

In November 1991, Jon Pertwee recorded link narration for a planned spring 1992 cassette release of the then-missing serial The Tomb of the Cybermen. However, all four episodes of The Tomb of the Cybermen were found in Hong Kong in December 1991, and returned to the BBC archive in January 1992. With the serial no longer being lost, the cassette release of the soundtrack was then delayed for a year until mid-1993, and then released due to contractual obligations. In 1992, Colin Baker recorded link narration for a cassette release of The Macra Terror, while Tom Baker recorded link narration for a cassette release of The Evil of the Daleks. The two coffee bar scenes from Episode 1 of The Evil of the Daleks had to be removed due to songs by the Seekers and the Beatles playing in the background. The following year in the summer of 1993, Tom Baker did first person link narration (as the Fourth Doctor recalling earlier adventures) for the cassette releases of The Power of the Daleks and Fury from the Deep, a style which he also did when narrating the never-recorded bits on the 1992 VHS release of Shada. This first person style of link narration was in complete contrast to his previous narration on The Evil of the Daleks cassette release, which had been done in the third person as Tom Baker.

Beginning in 1999, the BBC started releasing all the serials with missing episodes on CD audiobook, with linking narration provided by former actors on the serials, such as William Russell, Peter Purves, Frazer Hines, Anneke Wills, Wendy Padbury and Carole Ann Ford, although Colin Baker's 1992 cassette link narration was reused for the 2000 CD release of The Macra Terror, which left much more to the listener's imagination compared to all other CD releases of Doctor Who TV soundtrack audiobooks from 1999 to 2012. In 2012, The Macra Terror was re-released as part of the Collections 4 boxset, and included new more detailed linking narration by Anneke Wills. By February 2006, the soundtracks for all of the then 108 missing episodes had been released, albeit with a copyright-uncleared music replacement of Paperback Writer by the Beatles with Hold Tight by Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich in the second coffee bar scene during Episode 1 of The Evil of the Daleks. On the CDs, there are also some slight pauses and slightly rejigged sequences for reasons of clarity, and with overdubbed linking narration.

From 2006 to 2009, BBC Audiobooks released many wholly existing stories on CD audiobook, such as The Tomb of the Cybermen and The Ark. These releases ceased in 2009 with The Ambassadors of Death due to declining sales, before four serials from Tom Baker's era were released in late 2012 under BBC Audiobooks' successor, AudioGo. After the release of the City of Death audiobook in December 2012, there was a gap of over seven years before the next audiobook release of a TV soundtrack story, with The Web Planet in 2020.

Between 2010 and 2013, BBC Audiobooks collected the individual narrated soundtracks in a series of five CD box sets, entitled "Doctor Who: The Lost TV Episodes". For the sets, some serials (such as The Evil of the Daleks) were re-released with improved audio restoration. In addition to the soundtracks, the sets include special features such as the Archive on 4 documentary, "Doctor Who – The Lost Episodes" and high-quality scans of the original camera/rehearsal scripts in PDF format.

Restoration

For the first 11 seasons of Doctor Who, often the surviving materials are in a very different format or condition from their original broadcast masters. Surviving 1960s material is recorded on film stock of varying quality, while early 1970s material is available in a patchwork of professional and consumer formats. To present the material in a form approximating its original broadcast masters requires extensive technical work, and a certain amount of invention.

Motion restoration

In its original form, the videotape used to record Doctor Who captures images at 50 interlaced fields per second, resulting in a smooth, "live" feel to motion. To transfer the episodes to film, the film camera is timed to combine two video fields in each frame, converting 50 fields to 25 frames per second; on playback, the omission of in-between images results in a choppier "film" style motion. To recreate the original "live" video feel, early telerecorded episodes are processed through a digital tool known as VidFIRE, which approximates the missing motion between film frames.

In addition to the telerecorded material, some early 1970s material survives only, or in colour only, on NTSC videotapes produced for North American transmission (e.g., TV Ontario and CKVU in Vancouver). NTSC runs at a different frame rate from PAL video, and has a different number of scan lines. The conversion process used in the 1970s was primitive by modern standards, resulting in a noticeable amount of picture and motion loss. Some of them survive only in off-air consumer recordings of the NTSC videotapes, thus at a second generation removed from the original PAL.

Converting the NTSC tapes back to PAL (Double Conversion) introduces more artefacts, creating a blurry picture and juddering motion. To rectify the problem, in 2005 a new Reverse Standards Conversion process, which attempts to unpick the original video conversion, was introduced for the DVD release of The Claws of Axos.

{| class="wikitable"

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! Total episodes

! NTSC episodes

! Episode source

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 054

| Inferno

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 1–7

| CKVU (Vancouver)

| align=center rowspan=2 | 8

| align=center | 057

| The Claws of Axos

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2–3

| TV Ontario (TVO)

| align=center | 058

| Colony in Space

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–6

| CKVU (Vancouver)

| align=center rowspan=4 | 9

| align=center | 061

| The Curse of Peladon

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 1–4

| TV Ontario (TVO)

| align=center | 062

| The Sea Devils

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–3

| CKVU (Vancouver)

| align=center | 063

| The Mutants

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–2

| TV Ontario (TVO)

| align=center | 064

| The Time Monster

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–6

| TV Ontario (TVO)

Colour restoration

Several early 1970s colour serials, starring Jon Pertwee, were retained only as black-and-white film prints. In addition to the motion issue shared by all telerecorded episodes, for years the loss of colour presented a major challenge for restoration.

{| class="wikitable"

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! Total episodes

! B&W episodes

! Colour source

| align=center rowspan=2 | 7

| align=center | 052

| Doctor Who and the Silurians

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 1–7

| Off-air colour NTSC

| align=center | 053

| The Ambassadors of Death

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 2–7

| Chroma dot colour recovery & off-air colour NTSC

| align=center rowspan=3 | 8

| align=center | 055

| Terror of the Autons

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 1–4

| Off-air colour NTSC

| align=center | 056

| The Mind of Evil

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–6

| Chroma dot colour recovery & Manual colourisation

| align=center | 059

| The Dæmons

| align=center | 5

| align=center | 1–3, 5

| Off-air colour NTSC

| align=center | 9

| align=center | 064

| The Time Monster

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1–6

| 525-line colour NTSC

| align=center | 10

| align=center | 068

| Planet of the Daleks

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 3

| Chroma dot colour recovery & Manual colourisation

| align=center | 11

| align=center | 071

| Invasion of the Dinosaurs

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1

| Chroma dot colour recovery & Manual colourisation

Some of the telerecorded Pertwee episodes also survive on NTSC colour Betamax videotapes, recorded over-air on consumer hardware. In the early 1990s, an early form of the Doctor Who Restoration Team attempted to pair the low-resolution colour signal from these sources with the high-resolution black-and-white signal from the black-and-white film recordings. In this way, several Jon Pertwee stories were returned to a rough form of colour: Doctor Who and the Silurians, Terror of the Autons, and The Dæmons. Off-air NTSC colour tapes of The Mind of Evil were unfortunately recorded over before its value was realised, and only a small portion of Episode 6 remained in colour.

Colour recovery

In 2007, BBC archive specialist James Insell established the Colour Recovery Working Group, an online project to find new ways of restoring black-and-white telerecordings to colour. In 2008, Reverse Standards Conversion inventor Richard Russell developed a technique involving the use of chroma dots embedded in the black-and-white signal to recreate the missing colour. This technique was initially used as part of the recolouring process on episode 3 of Planet of the Daleks; the chroma dot process was used alongside a computer-based colourisation process to match together the differing qualities of colour recovery. The process was then used on an entire episode of Dad's Army, showing that it was possible to use it on entire recordings.

Subsequently, chroma dots were used to restore the colour to Episodes 2–4, 6, and 7 of The Ambassadors of Death and episodes 2–6 of The Mind of Evil. Episode 1 of Invasion of the Dinosaurs presented a unique challenge, in that the chroma dots only contained red and green colour filter information, requiring that the blue filter to be added manually. Given the rough result, the DVD includes the black-and-white version as the default viewing option, with the reconstructed colour version as an extra.

Episode 1 of The Mind of Evil contains no colour information. In principle, BBC engineers were supposed to filter out the chroma dots upon telerecording, to create a cleaner picture. In most cases they failed to do so properly, allowing the colour recovery process to work. For this one episode, the filter had been correctly applied – so there was no colour to recover. To complete the serial for DVD, the episode was manually colourised by Stuart Humphryes and Peter Crocker – thereby returning the final Pertwee episode to its original colour presentation.

Reconstruction

Tele-snap reconstructions

thumb|right|250px|An example of a Loose Cannon reconstruction from [[The Invasion (Doctor Who)|The Invasion, with rolling subtitles to indicate action not obvious from the audio track.]]

In addition to short video clips and audio soundtracks, for many episodes off-screen photographs − known as "tele-snaps" − exist, taken by photographer John Cura. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Cura was hired by various interested parties to document the transmission of many television programmes, including Doctor Who.

Since the late 1990s, fan groups such as Loose Cannon Productions have reconstructed the missing episodes, using original camera scripts to match Cura's tele-snaps and other visual material to the surviving audio tracks. Although technically infringing copyright, these "recons" have generally been tolerated by the BBC, provided that they are not sold for profit. Galaxy 4 (a reconstruction of the three missing episodes to accompany the recently recovered episode 3, "Air Lock", presented on The Aztecs Special Edition DVD); and The Web of Fear digital and DVD releases (containing a reconstruction of Episode 3, alongside the rest of the newly rediscovered serial).

{| class="wikitable"

! Doctor

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! Total episodes

! Reconstructed

! Cut down

! Editor

! Released

! Release format(s)

| rowspan=7 align=center | First

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 004

| Marco Polo

| align=center | 7

| align=center | Yes

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2006

| align=center | DVD

| align=center | 2

| align=center | 018

| The Crusade

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2 (2, 4)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2022

| align=center | Blu-ray

| rowspan=4 align=center | 3

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–2, 4)

| align=center | Yes

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2013

| align=center | DVD

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–2, 4)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2021

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 018

| The Celestial Toymaker

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–3)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2024

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| rowspan=8 align=center | 4

| align=center | 029

| The Tenth Planet

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 1 (4)

| align=center | No

| Ralph Montagu

| align=center | 2000

| align=center | VHS, DVD

| rowspan=13 align=center | Second

| align=center | 030

| The Power of the Daleks

| align=center | 6

| align=center | No

| James Goss

| align=center | 2005

| align=center | MP3 CD

| align=center | 030

| The Power of the Daleks

| align=center | 6

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2020

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2 (1, 4)

| align=center | No

| John Kelly

| align=center | 2015

| align=center | DVD

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2 (1, 4)

| align=center | No

| John Kelly

| align=center | 2023

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 034

| The Macra Terror

| align=center | 4

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2019

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 035

| The Faceless Ones

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 4 (2, 4–6)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2020

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 036

| The Evil of the Daleks

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 6 (1, 3–7)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2021

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| rowspan=6 align=center | 5

| align=center | 038

| The Abominable Snowmen

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 5 (1, 3–6)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2022

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 039

| The Ice Warriors

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 2 (2–3)

| align=center | Yes

| Ralph Montagu

| align=center | 1998

| align=center | VHS, DVD

| align=center | 041

| The Web of Fear

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1 (3)

| align=center | No

| John Kelly

| align=center | 2013

| align=center | Digital, DVD

| align=center | 041

|The Web of Fear

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 1 (3)

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2021

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 042

| Fury from the Deep

| align=center | 6

| align=center | No

| Derek Handley

| align=center | 2020

| align=center | DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 043

| The Wheel in Space

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 4 (1–2, 4–5)

| align=center | No

| John Kelly

| align=center | 2017

| align=center | Streaming

Animated episodes

In several cases, producers of the Doctor Who DVD range have commissioned original animation, synced to the programme's original audio tracks. Early commissions served to "complete" serials with only one or two missing episodes, allowing the full serials to be sold as a commercial product. Later, BBC Worldwide and BBC America commissioned a full animation of The Power of the Daleks for broadcast and commercial release.

{| class="wikitable"

! rowspan=2 | Doctor

! rowspan=2 | Season

! rowspan=2 | Story

! rowspan=2 | Serial

! rowspan=2 | No. episodes in serial

! rowspan=2 | No. of animated episodes

! rowspan=2 | Animator

! colspan=3 | DVD release

! Region 2

! Region 1

! Region 4

| rowspan=5 align=center | First

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 008

| The Reign of Terror

| align=center | 6 (4 and 5 missing)

| align=center | 2 (4 and 5)

| Planet 55 (with Big Finish)

| 28 January 2013

| 12 February 2013

| 6 February 2013

| rowspan=3 align=center | 3

| align=center | 018

| Galaxy 4

| align=center | 4 (1, 2 and 4 missing)

| align=center | 4 (all)

| Big Finish Creative

| align=center | 15 November 2021

| 12 January 2022

| align=center | 024

| The Celestial Toymaker

| align=center | 4 (1, 2 and 3 missing)

| align=center | 4 (all)

| Big Finish Creative/Shapeshifter Studios

| 10 June 2024

| 11 June 2024

| align=center | 026

| The Savages

| align=center | 4 (all missing)

| align=center | 4 (all)

| BBC Studios

| 24 March 2025

| 20 May 2025

| rowspan=7 align=center | 4

| align=center | 029

| The Tenth Planet

| align=center | 4 (4 missing)

| align=center | 1 (4)

| Planet 55

| 14 October 2013

| 19 November 2013

| 30 October 2013

| rowspan=11 align=center | Second

| align=center | 030

| The Power of the Daleks

| align=center | 6 (all missing)

| align=center | 6 (all)

| BBC Studios

| 21 November 2016

| 24 January 2017

| 14 December 2016

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4 (1 and 4 missing)

| align=center | 4 (all)

| BBC Studios

| 13 November 2023

| 9 January 2024

| align=center | 033

| The Moonbase

| align=center | 4 (1 and 3 missing)

| align=center | 2 (1 and 3)

| Planet 55

| 20 January 2014

| 22 January 2014

| 11 February 2014

| align=center | 034

| The Macra Terror

| align=center | 4 (all missing)

| align=center | 4 (all)

| Sun & Moon Studios (with BBC Studios)

| 25 March 2019

| 12 November 2019

| 17 April 2019

| align=center | 035

| The Faceless Ones

| align=center | 6 (2, 4, 5, 6 missing)

| align=center | 6 (all)

| BBC Studios

| 16 March 2020

| 20 October 2020

| 8 April 2020

| align=center | 036

| The Evil of the Daleks

| align=center | 7 (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 missing)

| align=center | 7 (all)

| BBC Studios

| 27 September 2021

| 16 November 2021

| 10 November 2021

| rowspan=4 align=center | 5

| align=center | 038

| The Abominable Snowmen

| align=center | 6 (1, 3, 4, 5, 6 missing)

| align=center | 6 (all)

| BBC Studios/Big Finish Creative

| 5 September 2022

| 6 December 2022

| 2 November 2022

| align=center | 039

| The Ice Warriors

| align=center | 6 (2 and 3 missing)

| align=center | 2 (2 and 3)

| Qurios Entertainment

| 26 August 2013

| 17 September 2013

| 28 August 2013

| align=center | 041

| The Web of Fear

| align=center | 6 (3 missing)

| align=center | 1 (3)

| Big Finish Creative/Shapeshifter Studios

| 22 September 2021

| align=center | 042

| Fury from the Deep

| align=center | 6 (all missing)

| align=center | 6 (all)

| Big Finish Creative

| 14 September 2020

| 16 March 2021

| 11 November 2020

| rowspan=1 align=center | 6

| align=center | 046

| The Invasion

| align=center | 8 (1 and 4 missing)

| align=center | 2 (1 and 4)

| Cosgrove Hall Films

| 6 November 2006

| 6 March 2007

| 3 January 2007

thumb|Screenshot from the animated Episode 1 of The Invasion

The first such effort, Cosgrove Hall's animation of The Invasion episodes 1 and 4, was released to DVD alongside the surviving episodes in November 2006. Eventually other animation studios were commissioned to continue the reconstruction. In June 2011, 2 Entertain announced that the missing episodes 4 and 5 of The Reign of Terror would be animated by Planet 55 Studios, using the "Thetamation" process. The serial was released on DVD in January 2013. Planet 55 would later go on to animate Episode 4 of The Tenth Planet (November 2013), and episodes 1 and 3 of The Moonbase (January 2014).

In August 2013, BBC Worldwide announced that episodes 2 and 3 of The Ice Warriors would be animated by Qurios Entertainment for a DVD release later that month.

In December 2013, 2 Entertain commissioning editor Dan Hall mentioned that Planet 55 had again been commissioned to complete The Underwater Menace, for what he hoped would be an early 2014 release. However, in September 2015 Doctor Who Magazine confirmed that the much-delayed DVD, now scheduled for 26 October, was instead to contain tele-snap reconstructions of the missing episodes 1 and 4.

In September 2016 it was announced that the completely missing serial The Power of the Daleks would be animated and released via the BBC Store on 5 November 2016, the 50th anniversary of the serial's first broadcast, before it was released on DVD (21 November) and Blu-ray (6 February 2017). This was the first wholly missing serial to be completely reconstructed using animation.

Unreleased and unofficial animations

In 2008, after future collaboration with Cosgrove Hall had been rejected due to expense, 2 Entertain was approached by David Busch of US animation studio Titmouse, Inc., who offered to do the work more cheaply as a result of the favourable exchange rate between the UK and the US, and put together a test trailer of scenes animated from various missing serials, including The Power of the Daleks, The Moonbase, The Macra Terror, The Web of Fear, and Fury from the Deep. While 2 Entertain decided not to commission anything from Titmouse, the trailer was eventually seen by Ian Levine, who offered to try and raise the money for a full episode reconstruction to serve as a prototype. The episode chosen was "Mission to the Unknown", as it was a self-contained episode featuring the Daleks with a limited number of characters and sets, thus keeping the budget down.

With the advent of ever-more-powerful home computers and more specialist programs for them, many fans are also working on unofficial animations of the missing episodes, with many clips being shown online.

Unofficial AI recreations

In 2025, Ian Levine completed a project to recreate the then 97 missing episodes using artificial intelligence. Levine used audio from the off-air recordings, and images from the tele-snaps and other production photographs for visual reference. He told the New York Post that he spent £70,000 of his own money on the project, and other fans contributed £30,000. The project was not authorised by the BBC, and the recreated episodes are not publicly available.

The Lost TV Episodes

From 2010 to 2012, five audio box sets were released by BBC Audiobooks. The sets collected the full, unaltered soundtracks to the Doctor Who stories which did not exist in video form up to that point. These episodes included linking narration, and all of the five sets contained exclusive interviews with former cast members. The first collection was released on 5 August 2010 and the fifth was released on 1 August 2012. BBC Audiobooks—which later became AudioGo—went into administration in 2013 and ceased production officially in 2014.

Narrated links

In some cases missing episodes are bridged by narration to the camera – often by a surviving actor from the serial, occasionally in-character. For their VHS releases, The Reign of Terror and The Crusade were presented by actors Carole Ann Ford and William Russell – while Episodes 1 and 4 of The Invasion were bridged by Nicholas Courtney.

{| class="wikitable"

! Doctor

! Season

! Story

! Serial

! Total episodes

! Bridged episodes

! Narrator

! Released

! Format

| rowspan=5 align=center | First

| align=center | 1

| align=center | 008

| The Reign of Terror

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 2 (4, 5)

| Carole Ann Ford

| align=center | 2003

| VHS

| rowspan=2 align=center | 2

| align=center | 014

| The Crusade

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–2, 4)

| Sylvester McCoy

| align=center | 1991

| VHS, Blu-ray

| align=center | 014

| The Crusade

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2 (2, 4)

| William Russell

| align=center | 1999

| VHS, DVD, Blu-ray

| rowspan=2 align=center | 3

| align=center | 021

| The Daleks' Master Plan

| align=center | 12

| align=center | 10 (1–4, 6–9, 11–12)

| Peter Davison

| align=center | 1992

| VHS, DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 024

| The Celestial Toymaker

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–3)

| Sylvester McCoy

| align=center | 1991

| VHS, DVD, Blu-ray

| rowspan=8 align=center | Second

| rowspan=3 align=center | 4

| align=center | 032

| The Underwater Menace

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 3 (1–2, 4)

| Frazer Hines

| align=center | 1998

| VHS, DVD, Blu-ray

| align=center | 033

| The Moonbase

| align=center | 4

| align=center | 2 (1, 3)

| Colin Baker

| align=center | 1992

| VHS

| align=center | 036

| The Evil of the Daleks

| align=center | 7

| align=center | 6 (1, 3–7)

| Peter Davison

| align=center | 1992

| VHS, DVD, Blu-ray

| rowspan=3 align=center | 5

| align=center | 038

| The Abominable Snowmen

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 5 (1, 3–6)

| Jon Pertwee

| align=center | 1991

| VHS

| align=center | 040

| The Enemy of the World

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 5 (1–2, 4–6)

| Jon Pertwee

| align=center | 1991

| VHS, DVD

| align=center | 043

| The Wheel in Space

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 4 (1–2, 4–5)

| Colin Baker

| align=center | 1992

| VHS

| rowspan=2 align=center | 6

| align=center | 046

| The Invasion

| align=center | 8

| align=center | 2 (1, 4)

| Nicholas Courtney

| align=center | 1993

| VHS, DVD

| align=center | 049

| The Space Pirates

| align=center | 6

| align=center | 5 (1, 3–6)

| Jon Pertwee

| align=center | 1991

| VHS

Recreations

In 2012, a reimagined version of The Power of the Daleks, written by, directed by, and starring Nick Scovell, was released on YouTube in three parts before it was shown complete at the Power:Reimagined convention in September 2012.

In addition, the BBC has invested in the reconstruction of episodes using animation and the recreation of parts of various serials, including the completely missing Marco Polo, in the docudrama An Adventure in Space and Time produced for the 50th anniversary in 2013.

In 2019, the BBC released a recreation of Mission to the Unknown, which was produced by a team of students, graduates and staff of the University of Central Lancashire.

Further research

Books and periodicals

Between 1973 and 1994, each missing Doctor Who serial was novelised and published by Target Books.

Richard Molesworth's Wiped! Doctor Who's Missing Episodes (Telos Publishing, 2010) explores in detail the paper trail and recovery efforts surrounding the hunt for missing episodes. A revised edition was published in March 2013.

Nothing at the End of the Lane

Issue #1 of "Nothing at the End of the Lane" (July 1999) includes articles about fan-made reconstructions of the missing episodes, audio of missing episodes, and the archive status of footage from Seasons 1–3.
Issue #2 (June 2005) includes articles about John Cura (the photographer behind Doctor Who's tele-snaps), recent discoveries of missing episodes, Junking of videotapes in the 1960s and '70s, a look at telerecordings, and the archive status of footage from Seasons 4–6.
Issue #466 (October 2013) focuses on the rediscovery of "The Enemy of the World" and "The Web of Fear" by Philip Morris.
Three special editions of Doctor Who Magazine (#34–36), titled "The Missing Episodes – The First Doctor", "The Missing Episodes – The Second Doctor Volume 1", and "The Missing Episodes – The Second Doctor Volume 2", were released between March–December 2013; each issue features a 100+ page guide to the missing episodes which exist in tele-snap form, with details of how they came to be wiped.

Documentaries

Doctor Who – Missing in Action (1993) – a documentary about the missing episodes, featuring Ian Levine.
The Missing Years (1998) – a documentary about the lost Doctor Who episodes and recovery attempts, available on Doctor Who: The Missing Years VHS and (in an updated form) on the Lost In Time DVD box set.
The National Lottery: Amazing Luck Stories (1999) – a short segment about the recovery of a Doctor Who episode from New Zealand.
Time Shift – Missing Believed Wiped (2003) – a general documentary about archive television, featuring some clips and discussions about Doctor Who.
WOTAN Assembly (2008) – a short DVD featurette about restoring The War Machines, which shows how the Doctor Who Restoration Team manages to create a near-complete version of this serial using clips from various sources around the world. Narrated by Anneke Wills.
Colour Silurian Overlay (2008) – a DVD featurette about restoring Doctor Who and the Silurians, using the surviving 16 mm telerecordings and an off-air NTSC Betamax recording as a colour source.
Multi-Colourisation (2009) – a DVD featurette about how chroma dots were used to restore Planet of the Daleks episode three back to full colour.
Doctor Who – The Lost Episodes (2009) – a 60-minute BBC Radio 4 audio documentary explaining what happened to the 108 missing episodes that aired in the 1960s. Interview with Graham Strong who made audio recordings of all the classic episodes.
The One Show (2013) – the edition of 11 October of the show featured a short documentary about how Doctor Who episodes became lost, the recovery of audio from episodes, and the finding of episodes from The Enemy of the World and The Web of Fear.
Restoring Doctor Who (2014) – a four-minute documentary by Paul Vanezis of the Doctor Who Restoration Team, which shows the process of cleaning and restoring the nine episodes recovered in 2013.
Preserving Doctor Who Episodes (2026) – a ten-minute documentary by Christopher Ball of Film is Fabulous!, which shows the process of cleaning and restoring the two episodes of The Daleks' Master Plan that were recovered in 2026.

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links

BBC Doctor Who Missing Episodes List
BBC Doctor Who Photonovels, which includes most extant tele-snaps.
Lost Doctor Who – a forum dedicated to locating missing episodes of Doctor Who, including interviews with Sue Malden (the Corporation's first archive selector) and Bruce Grenville (the New Zealand film collector who returned The Lion in 1999), newspaper clippings with foreign broadcasts, details of currently missing episodes, and more.
The Doctor Who Clips List by Steve Phillips
The Doctor Who Restoration Team Website
Loose Cannon Productions
Guardian article about fan attempts to animate missing episodes
Guardian article about chroma dot recovery process
BroaDWcast – foreign broadcasts of Doctor Who

Background

Continuing search

Compared with other series

Missing episodes

List of missing episodes

Orphaned episodes

Recovery

Episodes

Sources of recovered episodes

BBC holdings

Film Library oddities

The Time Meddler and The War Machines

The Reign of Terror

The Celestial Toymaker

The Tomb of the Cybermen

The Enemy of the World and The Web of Fear

Private collectors

The Abominable Snowmen and Invasion of the Dinosaurs

The Reign of Terror

The Wheel in Space

The Crusade

Galaxy 4 and The Underwater Menace

Other sources

The Daleks' Master Plan

The Ice Warriors

Incomplete recovered episodes

Clips

Excised clips

From other Doctor Who episodes

From other television programmes

Rare behind the scenes clips

Audio soundtracks

Restoration

Motion restoration

Colour restoration

Colour recovery

Reconstruction

Tele-snap reconstructions

Animated episodes

Unreleased and unofficial animations

Unofficial AI recreations

The Lost TV Episodes

Narrated links

Recreations

Further research

Books and periodicals

Nothing at the End of the Lane

Documentaries

See also

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links