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The demographics of the Marshall Islands include data such as population density, ethnicity, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Historical population figures for the Marshall Islands are unknown. In 1862, the population of the islands was estimated at 10,000. In 1960, the population of the Islands was approximately 15,000. The 2021 census counted 42,418 residents, 23,156 of whom (approximately 54.6%) lived on Majuro. 77.7% of the population lived in an urban setting on Majuro or Ebeye, the country's secondary urban center. The Marshallese census figures exclude Marshall Islanders who have relocated elsewhere; the Compact of Free Association allows them to freely relocate to the United States and obtain work there. Approximately 4,300 Marshall Islands natives relocated to Springdale, Arkansas in the United States; this figure represents the largest population concentration of Marshall Islands natives outside their island home.
Most residents of the Marshall Islands are Marshallese. Marshallese people are of Micronesian origin and are believed to have migrated from Asia to the Marshall Islands several thousand years ago. A minority of the Marshallese have Asian and European ancestry such as Japanese and German. A majority have Polynesian and Melanesian ancestry. About one-half of the nation's population lives in Majuro and Ebeye Atolls.
The official languages of the Marshall Islands are English and Marshallese. Both languages are widely spoken.
Population
thumb|300px|center|Demographics of the Marshall Islands, Data of [[FAO, year 2005; Number of inhabitants in thousands.]]
- 77,917 (July 2020 est.)
Source:
Structure of the population
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 03.IV.2011):
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 27 243
| align="right" | 25 915
| align="right" | 53 158
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 4 031
| align="right" | 3 712
| align="right" | 7 743
| align="right" | 14.57
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 3 622
| align="right" | 3 395
| align="right" | 7 017
| align="right" | 13.20
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 3 385
| align="right" | 3 108
| align="right" | 6 493
| align="right" | 12.21
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 2 417
| align="right" | 2 314
| align="right" | 4 731
| align="right" | 8.90
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 2 614
| align="right" | 2 480
| align="right" | 5 094
| align="right" | 9.58
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 2 159
| align="right" | 2 245
| align="right" | 4 404
| align="right" | 8.28
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 1 876
| align="right" | 1 913
| align="right" | 3 789
| align="right" | 7.13
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 1 587
| align="right" | 1 549
| align="right" | 3 136
| align="right" | 5.90
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 1 419
| align="right" | 1 366
| align="right" | 2 785
| align="right" | 5.24
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 1 189
| align="right" | 1 155
| align="right" | 2 344
| align="right" | 4.41
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 1 016
| align="right" | 914
| align="right" | 1 930
| align="right" | 3.63
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 815
| align="right" | 761
| align="right" | 1 576
| align="right" | 2.96
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 583
| align="right" | 469
| align="right" | 1 052
| align="right" | 1.98
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 284
| align="right" | 283
| align="right" | 522
| align="right" | 0.98
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 131
| align="right" | 119
| align="right" | 250
| align="right" | 0.47
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 62
| align="right" | 90
| align="right" | 152
| align="right" | 0.29
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 31
| align="right" | 61
| align="right" | 92
| align="right" | 0.17
|-
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 21
| align="right" | 15
| align="right" | 36
| align="right" | 0.07
|-
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 1
| align="right" | 11
| align="right" | 12
| align="right" | 0.02
|-
| align="right" | 95+
| align="right" | 0
| align="right" | 0
| align="right" | 0
| align="right" | 0
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 11 038
| align="right" | 10 215
| align="right" | 21 253
| align="right" | 39.98
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 15 675
| align="right" | 15 121
| align="right" | 30 796
| align="right" | 57.93
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 530
| align="right" | 579
| align="right" | 1 109
| align="right" | 2.09
|-
|}
Vital statistics
Registrered births and deaths
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="70"|Year
| align="right" | 42,418
| align="right" | 704
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" | 3.4
|-
|}
Ethnic groups
- Marshallese: 92.1%
- Mixed Marshallese: 5.9%
- Other: 2% (2006)
Languages
- Marshallese (official): 98.2%
- other languages 1.8%
Religion
Major religious groups in the Republic of the Marshall Islands include the United Church of Christ – Congregational in the Marshall Islands, with 51.5% of the population; the Assemblies of God, 24.2%; the Roman Catholic Church, 8.4%; and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), 8.3%.