Demographic features of the population of Uzbekistan include population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The nationality of a person from Uzbekistan is Uzbekistani, while the ethnic Uzbek majority call themselves Uzbeks. Much of the data is estimated because the last census was carried out in Soviet times in 1989. Uzbekistan is preparing to conduct its first census since its independence in February 2026.
Overview
Uzbekistan is Central Asia's most populous country. Its 38.3 million people (as of February 2026)
The population of Uzbekistan is very young: 30.1% of its people are younger than 14. According to official sources, Uzbeks comprise a majority (84.4%) of the total population. Other ethnic groups, as of 1996 estimates, include Russians (2.1% of the population), Tajiks (4,8%), Kazakhs (3%), Karakalpaks (2.5%), and Tatars (1.5%).
Uzbekistan has an ethnic Korean population that was forcibly relocated to the region from the Soviet Far East in 1937–1938. There are also small groups of Armenians in Uzbekistan, mostly in Tashkent and Samarkand. The nation is 94% Muslim (mostly Sunni), 3% Eastern Orthodox and 3% other faiths (which include small communities of Korean Christians, other Christian denominations, Buddhists, Baha'is, and more). The Bukharan Jews have lived in Central Asia, mostly in Uzbekistan, for thousands of years. There were 94,900 Jews in Uzbekistan in 1989 (about 0.5% of the population according to the 1989 census), but now, since the collapse of the USSR, most Central Asian Jews left the region for the United States or Israel. More than 5,000 Jews remain in Uzbekistan.
Much of Uzbekistan's population was engaged in cotton farming in large-scale collective farms when the country was part of the Soviet Union. The population continues to be heavily rural and dependent on farming for its livelihood, although the farm structure in Uzbekistan has largely shifted from collective to individual since 1990.
Vital statistics
UN estimates
{| class ="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:80pt;"|Period
! style="width:80pt;"|Births per year
! style="width:80pt;"|Deaths per year
! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change per year
! style="width:80pt;"|CBR<sup>1</sup>
! style="width:80pt;"|CDR<sup>1</sup>
! style="width:80pt;"|NC<sup>1</sup>
! style="width:80pt;"|TFR<sup>1</sup>
! style="width:80pt;"|IMR<sup>1</sup>
|-
| 1990–1995
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 32.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.95
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 1995–2000
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.10
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2000–2005
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 14.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.51
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2005–2010
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.49
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2010–2015
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.43
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2015–2020
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.43
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2020–2025
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 12.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.31
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2025–2030
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.21
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2030–2035
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.12
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 2035–2040
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.05
| style="text-align:right;"|
|}
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs website > World Population Prospects: The 2019 revision.
Registered birth and deaths
{| class="wikitable sortable sort-under sticky-header-multi" style="text-align:right;"
|-
!
! style="width:80pt;"|Average population (Dec. 31)
! style="width:80pt;"|Live births
! style="width:80pt;"|Deaths
! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change
! style="width:80pt;"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|Crude migration rate (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|TFR
|-
| 1950
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,314,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 192,188
| style="text-align:right;"| 54,612
| style="text-align:right;"| 137,576
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.6
|
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.8
|
|-
| 1951
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,511,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 207,302
| style="text-align:right;"| 49,275
| style="text-align:right;"| 158,027
| style="text-align:right;"| 31.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.3
| 6.9
|
|-
| 1952
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,704,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 223,452
| style="text-align:right;"| 55,068
| style="text-align:right;"| 168,384
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.1
| 4.5
|
|-
| 1953
| style="text-align:right;"| 6,909,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 219,832
| style="text-align:right;"| 60,855
| style="text-align:right;"| 158,977
| style="text-align:right;"| 31.8
| style="color:red" | 8.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.0
| 7.6
|
|-
| 1954
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,085,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 237,470
| style="text-align:right;"| 58,345
| style="text-align:right;"| 179,125
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.3
| 0.2
|
|-
| 1955
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,256,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 248,545
| style="text-align:right;"| 59,370
| style="text-align:right;"| 189,175
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.1
| -2.0
|
|-
| 1956
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,466,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 267,187
| style="text-align:right;"| 46,210
| style="text-align:right;"| 220,977
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.6
| -0.7
|
|-
| 1957
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,720,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 276,668
| style="text-align:right;"| 47,568
| style="text-align:right;"| 229,100
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.7
| 4.3
|
|-
| 1958
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,979,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 300,646
| style="text-align:right;"| 48,433
| style="text-align:right;"| 252,213
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 31.6
| 1.9
|
|-
| 1959
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,252,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 305,082
| style="text-align:right;"| 50,254
| style="text-align:right;"| 254,828
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.9
| 3.3
|
|-
| 1960
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,558,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 340,618
| style="text-align:right;"| 51,758
| style="text-align:right;"| 288,860
| style="color:blue" | 39.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.0
| style="color:blue" | 33.8
| 3.3
|
|-
| 1961
| style="text-align:right;"| 8,895,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 339,952
| style="text-align:right;"| 53,591
| style="text-align:right;"| 286,361
| style="text-align:right;"| 38.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 32.2
| 7.2
|
|-
| 1962
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,237,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 341,352
| style="text-align:right;"| 56,178
| style="text-align:right;"| 285,174
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.9
| 7.5
|
|-
| 1963
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,574,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 342,659
| style="text-align:right;"| 54,502
| style="text-align:right;"| 288,157
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.1
| 6.4
|
|-
| 1964
| style="text-align:right;"| 9,905,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 346,847
| style="text-align:right;"| 53,315
| style="text-align:right;"| 293,532
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.6
| 5.0
|
|-
| 1965
| style="text-align:right;"| 10,233,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 355,135
| style="text-align:right;"| 60,056
| style="text-align:right;"| 295,079
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.8
| 4.3
|
|-
| 1966
| style="text-align:right;"| 10,557,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 360,336
| style="text-align:right;"| 60,115
| style="text-align:right;"| 300,221
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.4
| 3.3
|
|-
| 1967
| style="text-align:right;"| 10,886,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 359,623
| style="text-align:right;"| 64,627
| style="text-align:right;"| 294,996
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.1
| 4.1
|
|-
| 1968
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,259,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 385,687
| style="text-align:right;"| 64,762
| style="text-align:right;"| 320,925
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.5
| 5.8
|
|-
| 1969
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,625,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 380,729
| style="text-align:right;"| 69,147
| style="text-align:right;"| 311,582
| style="text-align:right;"| 32.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.8
| 5.7
|
|-
| 1970
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,973,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 401,613
| style="text-align:right;"| 66,189
| style="text-align:right;"| 335,424
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.1
| 1.8
|
|-
| 1971
| style="text-align:right;"| 12,354,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 425,646
| style="text-align:right;"| 67,162
| style="text-align:right;"| 358,484
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.0
| 2.8
|
|-
| 1972
| style="text-align:right;"| 12,756,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 421,458
| style="text-align:right;"| 77,942
| style="text-align:right;"| 343,516
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.9
| 5.6
|
|-
| 1973
| style="text-align:right;"| 13,155,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 441,237
| style="text-align:right;"| 83,170
| style="text-align:right;"| 358,067
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.2
| 4.1
|
|-
| 1974
| style="text-align:right;"| 13,569,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 462,062
| style="text-align:right;"| 86,864
| style="text-align:right;"| 375,198
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.7
| 3.8
|
|-
| 1975
| style="text-align:right;"| 13,981,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 478,604
| style="text-align:right;"| 100,213
| style="text-align:right;"| 378,391
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.0
| 3.4
|
|-
| 1976
| style="text-align:right;"| 14,389,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 503,514
| style="text-align:right;"| 101,544
| style="text-align:right;"| 401,970
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.9
| 1.3
|
|-
| 1977
| style="text-align:right;"| 14,786,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 493,329
| style="text-align:right;"| 104,297
| style="text-align:right;"| 389,032
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.3
| 1.3
|
|-
| 1978
| style="text-align:right;"| 15,184,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 514,030
| style="text-align:right;"| 105,204
| style="text-align:right;"| 408,826
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.0
| -0.1
|
|-
| 1979
| style="text-align:right;"| 15,578,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 535,928
| style="text-align:right;"| 109,459
| style="text-align:right;"| 426,469
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.4
| -1.5
|
|-
| 1980
| style="text-align:right;"| 15,952,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 540,047
| style="text-align:right;"| 118,886
| style="text-align:right;"| 421,161
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.4
| -2.4
|
|-
| 1981
| style="text-align:right;"| 16,376,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 572,197
| style="text-align:right;"| 117,793
| style="text-align:right;"| 454,404
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.7
| -1.1
|
|-
| 1982
| style="text-align:right;"| 16,813,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 589,283
| style="text-align:right;"| 124,137
| style="text-align:right;"| 465,146
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.7
| -1.0
|
|-
| 1983
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,261,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 609,400
| style="text-align:right;"| 128,779
| style="text-align:right;"| 480,621
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.8
| -1.2
|
|-
| 1984
| style="text-align:right;"| 17,716,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 641,398
| style="text-align:right;"| 132,042
| style="text-align:right;"| 509,356
| style="text-align:right;"| 36.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.8
| -2.4
| style="color:blue" | 4.60
|-
| 1985
| style="text-align:right;"| 18,174,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 679,057
| style="text-align:right;"| 131,686
| style="text-align:right;"| 547,371
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.1
| -4.2
| style="color:blue" | 4.68
|-
| 1986
| style="text-align:right;"| 18,634,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 708,658
| style="text-align:right;"| 132,213
| style="text-align:right;"| 576,445
| style="text-align:right;"| 38.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.9
| -5.6
| style="color:blue" | 4.69
|-
| 1987
| style="text-align:right;"| 19,095,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 714,454
| style="text-align:right;"| 133,781
| style="text-align:right;"| 580,673
| style="text-align:right;"| 37.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 30.4
| -5.7
| style="color:blue" | 4.57
|-
| 1988
| style="text-align:right;"| 19,561,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 694,144
| style="text-align:right;"| 134,688
| style="text-align:right;"| 559,456
| style="text-align:right;"| 35.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.6
| -4.2
| style="color:blue" | 4.28
|-
| 1989
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,108,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 668,807
| style="text-align:right;"| 126,862
| style="text-align:right;"| 541,945
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.0
| 1.0
| style="color:blue" | 4.02
|-
| 1990
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,465,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 691,636
| style="text-align:right;"| 124,553
| style="text-align:right;"| 567,083
| style="text-align:right;"| 33.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.7
| -9.9
| style="color:blue" | 4.20
|-
| 1991
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,857,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 723,420
| style="text-align:right;"| 130,294
| style="text-align:right;"| 593,126
| style="text-align:right;"| 34.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 28.4
| -9.2
| style="text-align:right;"|
|-
| 1992
| style="text-align:right;"| 21,354,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 680,459
| style="text-align:right;"| 140,092
| style="text-align:right;"| 540,367
| style="text-align:right;"| 31.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.3
| -1.5
|
|-
| 1993
| style="text-align:right;"| 21,847,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 692,324
| style="text-align:right;"| 145,294
| style="text-align:right;"| 547,030
| style="text-align:right;"| 31.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.0
| -1.9
|
|-
| 1994
| style="text-align:right;"| 22,277,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 657,725
| style="text-align:right;"| 148,423
| style="text-align:right;"| 509,302
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.9
| -3.2
|
|-
| 1995
| style="text-align:right;"| 22,684,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 677,999
| style="text-align:right;"| 145,439
| style="text-align:right;"| 532,560
| style="text-align:right;"| 29.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.5
| -5.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.60
|-
| 1996
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,128,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 634,842
| style="text-align:right;"| 144,829
| style="text-align:right;"| 490,013
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 6.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.2
| -1.6
|
|-
| 1997
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,560,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 602,694
| style="text-align:right;"| 137,331
| style="text-align:right;"| 465,363
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.8
| -1.1
|
|-
| 1998
| style="text-align:right;"| 23,954,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 553,745
| style="text-align:right;"| 140,526
| style="text-align:right;"| 413,219
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.3
| -0.6
|
|-
| 1999
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,312,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 544,788
| style="text-align:right;"| 130,529
| style="text-align:right;"| 414,259
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.0
| -2.1
|
|-
| 2000
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,650,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 527,580
| style="text-align:right;"| 135,598
| style="text-align:right;"| 391,982
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.9
| -2.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.59
|-
| 2001
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,965,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 512,950
| style="text-align:right;"| 132,542
| style="text-align:right;"| 380,408
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.2
| -2.4
|
|-
| 2002
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,272,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 532,511
| style="text-align:right;"| 137,028
| style="text-align:right;"| 395,483
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.6
| -3.3
|
|-
| 2003
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,568,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 508,457
| style="text-align:right;"| 135,933
| style="text-align:right;"| 372,524
| style="color:red" | 19.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.3
| style="color:red" |14.6
| -2.9
|
|-
| 2004
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,864,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 540,381
| style="text-align:right;"| 130,357
| style="text-align:right;"| 410,024
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.9
| -4.3
|
|-
| 2005
| style="text-align:right;"| 26,167,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 533,530
| style="text-align:right;"| 140,585
| style="text-align:right;"| 392,945
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.0
| -3.3
| style="color:blue" | 2.36
|-
| 2006
| style="text-align:right;"| 26,488,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 555,946
| style="text-align:right;"| 139,622
| style="text-align:right;"| 416,324
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 15.7
| -3.4
|
|-
| 2007
| style="text-align:right;"| 26,868,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 608,917
| style="text-align:right;"| 137,430
| style="text-align:right;"| 471,487
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.5
| -3.2
| style="color:blue" | 2.55
|-
| 2008
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,303,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 646,096
| style="text-align:right;"| 138,792
| style="text-align:right;"| 507,304
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.6
| -2.4
| style="color:blue" | 2.64
|-
| 2009
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,767,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 649,727
| style="text-align:right;"| 130,659
| style="text-align:right;"| 519,068
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.7
| -1.7
| style="color:blue" | 2.53
|-
| 2010
| style="text-align:right;"| 28,562,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 634,810
| style="text-align:right;"| 138,411
| style="text-align:right;"| 496,399
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.4
| 11.2
| style="color:blue" | 2.34
|-
| 2011
| style="text-align:right;"| 29,339,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 626,881
| style="text-align:right;"| 144,585
| style="text-align:right;"| 482,296
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.4
| 10.8
| style="color:blue" | 2.24
|-
| 2012
| style="text-align:right;"| 29,774,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 625,106
| style="text-align:right;"| 145,988
| style="text-align:right;"| 479,118
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 16.1
| -1.3
| style="color:blue" | 2.19
|-
| 2013
| style="text-align:right;"| 30,243,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 679,519
| style="text-align:right;"| 145,672
| style="text-align:right;"| 533,847
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.7
| -1.9
| style="color:blue" | 2.35
|-
| 2014
| style="text-align:right;"| 30,759,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 718,036
| style="text-align:right;"| 149,761
| style="text-align:right;"| 568,998
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.4
| -1.3
| style="color:blue" | 2.46
|-
| 2015
| style="text-align:right;"| 31,576,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 734,141
| style="text-align:right;"| 152,035
| style="text-align:right;"| 582,106
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.6
| 8.0
| style="color:blue" | 2.49
|-
| 2016
| style="text-align:right;"| 32,121,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 726,170
| style="text-align:right;"| 154,791
| style="text-align:right;"| 571,379
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.0
| -0.7
| style="color:blue" | 2.46
|-
| 2017
| style="text-align:right;"| 32,653,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 715,519
| style="text-align:right;"| 160,723
| style="text-align:right;"| 554,796
| style="text-align:right;"| 22.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 17.1
| -0.5
| style="color:blue" | 2.42
|-
| 2018
| style="text-align:right;"| 33,254,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 768,520
| style="text-align:right;"| 154,913
| style="text-align:right;"| 613,607
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.6
| -0.2
| style="color:blue" | 2.60
|-
| 2019
| style="text-align:right;"| 33,905,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 815,939
| style="text-align:right;"| 154,959
| style="text-align:right;"| 660,980
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.3
| style="color:blue" | 4.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.7
| -0.1
| style="color:blue" | 2.79
|-
| 2020
| style="text-align:right;"| 34,558,900
| style="text-align:right;"| 841,814
| style="color:red" | 175,637
| style="text-align:right;"| 666,177
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.5
| -0.2
| style="color:blue" | 2.90
|-
| 2021
| style="text-align:right;"| 35,271,300
| style="text-align:right;"| 905,211
| style="text-align:right;"| 174,541
| style="text-align:right;"| 730,670
| style="text-align:right;"| 25.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.9
| -0.3
| style="color:blue" | 3.17
|-
| 2022
| style="text-align:right;"| 36,024,900
| style="text-align:right;"| 932,192
| style="text-align:right;"| 172,075
| style="text-align:right;"| 760,117
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.4
| 0
| style="color:blue" | 3.31
|-
| 2023
| style="text-align:right;"| 36,799,800
| style="color:blue" | 961,962
| style="text-align:right;"| 172,772
| style="color:blue" |789,190
| style="text-align:right;"| 26.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 21.7
| -0.4
| style="color:blue" | 3.45
|-
| 2024
| style="text-align:right;"| 37,543,200
| style="text-align:right;"| 926,422
| style="text-align:right;"| 174,413
| style="text-align:right;"| 752,009
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 20.1
| -0.2
| style="color:blue" | 3.35
|-
| 2025
| style="text-align:right;"| 38,236,700
| style="text-align:right;"| 879,599
| style="text-align:right;"| 177,104
| style="text-align:right;"| 702,495
| style="text-align:right;"| 23.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 18.5
| -0.2
| style="color:blue" | 3.15
|}
Sources:
Current vital statistics
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
! January—April 2025
| 266,476
|
|
|-
! January—April 2026
| 254,081
|
|
|-
! Difference
| –12,395 (-4.7%)
|
|
|-
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;" | Source:
|}
Demographic and Health Surveys
Total fertility rate (TFR) and crude birth rate (CBR):
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2| Year
! colspan=2| Total
! colspan=2| Urban
! colspan=2| Rural
|-
! CBR !! TFR
! CBR !! TFR
! CBR !! TFR
|-
| 1996
| style="text-align:right;"| 27
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.34 (3.1)
| style="text-align:right;"| 23
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.71 (2.5)
| style="text-align:right;"| 29
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.74 (3.4)
|-
| 2002
| style="text-align:right;"| 24.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.92
| style="text-align:right;"| 19.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.48
| style="text-align:right;"| 27.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.21
|}
thumb|right|Uzbek youth
In 2002, the estimated TFR was 2.92; Uzbeks 2.99, Russians 1.35, Karakalpak 2.69, Tajik 3.19, Kazakh 2.95, Tatar 2.05, others 2.53; Tashkent City 1.96, Karakalpakstan 2.90, Fergana 2.73; Eastern region 2.71, East Central 2.96, Central 3.43, Western 3.05.
The high fertility rate during the Soviet Union and during its period of disintegration is partly due to the historical cultural preferences for large families, economic reliance upon agriculture, and the greater relative worth of Soviet child benefits in Uzbekistan. Abortion was the preferred method of birth control. Legalized in 1955, the number of abortions increased by 231% from 1956 to 1973. By 1991, the abortion ratio was 39 abortions per 1,000 women of reproductive age per year.
However, in the past few decades, fertility control methods have shifted considerably from abortion to modern contraceptive methods, especially IUDs. By the mid-1980s IUDS became the main method of contraception through government and organizational policies that aimed to introduce women to modern contraceptives. According to a UHES report from 2002, 73% of married Uzbek woman had used the IUD, 14% male condom, and 13% the pill.
The government supported the use of modern contraceptives to control fertility rates because of national economic difficulties that followed the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Thus the government has been influential in determining the popularity of the IUD. Despite family planning programs that educate women on different methods of contraception, the IUD has remained women's first choice of contraception. Word of mouth and social relations also account for the strong preference for the IUD. Nevertheless, factors such as class and level of education have been shown to give women more freedom in their choice of contraception methods.
The late President Islam Karimov had repressive birth control measures as part of state policy, including allegations of forced sterilization, which were loosened after his death in 2016 and which accounts for a baby boom that had started in 2018.
Regional differences
As of 2024, the regions of Surxondaryo and Qashqadaryo have the highest birth rate in Uzbekistan. On the other hand, the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Toshkent have the lowest birth rate in the country. The highest death rate is in the city of Toshkent, while the lowest in the region of Jizzax.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan=19 | Vital statistics by regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Ethnic groups
Ethnic composition according to the 1989 population census (latest available):<br />
Uzbek 71%, Russian 6%, Tajik 5% (believed to be much higher), Kazakh 4%, Tatar 3%, Karakalpak 2%, other 7%.
Estimates of ethnic composition in 1996 from CIA World Factbook:
Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.)
The table shows the ethnic composition of Uzbekistan's population (in percent) according to four population censuses between 1926 and 1989 (no population census was carried out in 1999, and the next census is now being planned for 2010). The increase in the percentage of Tajik from 3.9% of the population in 1979 to 4.7% in 1989 may be attributed, at least in part, to the change in census instructions: in the 1989 census for the first the nationality could be reported not according to the passport, but freely self-declared on the basis of the respondent's ethnic self-identification.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
Population of Uzbekistan according to ethnic group 1926–2021
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! rowspan="2" | Ethnic<br />group
! colspan="2" | census 1926<sup>1</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1939<sup>2</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1959<sup>3</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1970<sup>4</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1979<sup>5</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1989<sup>6</sup>
! colspan="2" | estimates 2017<sup>7</sup>
! colspan="2" | estimates 2021<sup>8</sup>
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
!Number
! %
|-
| Uzbeks
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,467,226
| style="text-align:right;"| 73.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 4,804,096
| style="text-align:right;"| 65.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 5,038,273
| style="text-align:right;"| 62.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,733,541
| style="text-align:right;"| 64.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 10,569,007
| style="text-align:right;"| 68.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 14,142,475
| style="text-align:right;"| 71.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 26,917,700
| style="text-align:right;"| 83.8
|29,194,071
|84.5
|-
| Tajiks
| style="text-align:right;"| 350,670
| style="text-align:right;"| 7.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 317,560
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 311,375
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 457,356
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 594,627
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 933,560
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,544,700
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.8
|1,657,336
|4.8
|-
| Kazakhs
| style="text-align:right;"| 191,126
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 305,416
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 335,267
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 549,312
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 620,136
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 808,227
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 803,400
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.5
|821,172
|2.4
|-
| Karakalpaks
| style="text-align:right;" | 142,688
| style="text-align:right;" | 3.0
| style="text-align:right;" | 181,420
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.9
| style="text-align:right;" | 168,274
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.1
| style="text-align:right;" | 230,273
| style="text-align:right;" | 1.9
| style="text-align:right;" | 297,788
| style="text-align:right;" | 1.9
| style="text-align:right;" | 411,878
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.1
| style="text-align:right;" | 708,800
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.2
|752,646
|2.2
|-
| Russians
| style="text-align:right;"| 245,807
| style="text-align:right;"| 5.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 727,331
| style="text-align:right;"| 11.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,090,728
| style="text-align:right;"| 13.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,495,556
| style="text-align:right;"| 12.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,665,658
| style="text-align:right;"| 10.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,653,478
| style="text-align:right;"| 8.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 750,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.3
|720,324
|2.1
|-
| Kyrgyz
| style="text-align:right;"| 79,610
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 89,044
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 92,725
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 110,864
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 142,182
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 174,907
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 274,400
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.9
|291,628
|0.8
|-
| Turkmens
| style="text-align:right;" | 31,492
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.7
| style="text-align:right;" | 46,543
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.7
| style="text-align:right;" | 54,804
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.7
| style="text-align:right;" | 71,066
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.6
| style="text-align:right;" | 92,285
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.6
| style="text-align:right;" | 121,578
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.6
| style="text-align:right;" | 192,000
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.6
|206,189
|0.6
|-
| Tatars
| style="text-align:right;"| 28,335
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 147,157
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 397,981
| style="text-align:right;"| 4.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 442,331
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 531,205
| style="text-align:right;"| 3.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 467,829
| style="text-align:right;"| 2.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 195,000
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.6
|187,330
|0.5
|-
| Koreans
| style="text-align:right;"| 30
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 72,944
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 138,453
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 151,058
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 163,062
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 183,140
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 176,900
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.6
|174,210
|0.5
|-
| Ukrainians
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,335
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 70,577
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 87,927
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 114,979
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 113,826
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 153,197
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 70,700
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
|67,869
|0.2
|-
| Crimean Tatars
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"| 46,829
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 135,426
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 117,559
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 188,772
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.0
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
|
|
|-
| Turks
| style="text-align:right;"| 371
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 474
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 21,269
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 46,398
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 48,726
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 106,302
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.5
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
|
|
|-
| Jews
| style="text-align:right;"| 37,621
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 50,676
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 94,303
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 102,843
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.9
| style="text-align:right;"| 99,836
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 94,689
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.5
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| 9,865
| 0.0
|-
| Armenians
| style="text-align:right;"| 14,862
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,394
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 27,370
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 34,470
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 42,374
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 50,537
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| 34,079
| 0.1
|-
| Azerbaijanis
| style="text-align:right;"| 20,764
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 3,645
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 40,511
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.5
| style="text-align:right;"| 40,431
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.3
| style="text-align:right;"| 59,779
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.4
| style="text-align:right;"| 44,410
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
| 41,182
| 0.1
|-
| Uyghurs
| style="text-align:right;"| 36,349
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 50,638
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.8
| style="text-align:right;"| 19,377
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 24,039
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 29,104
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 35,762
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
|
|
|-
| Bashkirs
| style="text-align:right;"| 624
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.0
| style="text-align:right;"| 7,516
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 13,500
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 21,069
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 25,879
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"| 34,771
| style="text-align:right;"| 0.2
| style="text-align:right;"|
| style="text-align:right;"|
|
|
|-
| Others
| style="text-align:right;"| 77,889
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 98,838
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 126,738
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.6
| style="text-align:right;"| 198,570
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.7
| style="text-align:right;"| 176,274
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.1
| style="text-align:right;"| 204,565
| style="text-align:right;"| 1.0
| style="text-align:right;"|486,900
| style="text-align:right;"|1.5
|412,855
|1.2
|- style="background:#e0e0e0;"
! style="text-align:left;"| Total
! colspan="2" | 4,750,175
! colspan="2" | 6,271,269
! colspan="2" | 8,105,704
! colspan="2" | 11,959,582
! colspan="2" | 15,389,307
! colspan="2" | 19,810,077
! colspan="2" | 32,120,500
! colspan="2" |34,558,891
|-
| colspan="17" | <small><sup>1</sup> Excluding the Tadzjik ASSR, but including the Kara-Kalpak Autonomous Oblast (in 1926 part of the Kazakh ASSR); source:. <sup>2</sup> Source:. <sup>3</sup> Source:. <sup>4</sup> Source:. <sup>5</sup> Source:. <sup>6</sup> Source:. <sup>7</sup> Source:. <sup>8</sup> Source:</small>.
|}