350px|alt=|thumb|upright=1.4|New Caledonia [[population pyramid in 2020]]
Demographic features of the population of New Caledonia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Population
Structure of the population
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 140 000
| align="right" | 138 495
| align="right" | 278 495
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 10 481
| align="right" | 10 106
| align="right" | 20 587
| align="right" | 7.39
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 11 009
| align="right" | 10 286
| align="right" | 21 295
| align="right" | 7.65
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 10 922
| align="right" | 10 583
| align="right" | 21 505
| align="right" | 7.72
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 11 621
| align="right" | 11 342
| align="right" | 22 963
| align="right" | 8.25
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 10 329
| align="right" | 9 608
| align="right" | 19 937
| align="right" | 7.16
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 10 338
| align="right" | 10 400
| align="right" | 20 738
| align="right" | 7.45
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 10 760
| align="right" | 10 727
| align="right" | 21 487
| align="right" | 7.72
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 10 255
| align="right" | 10 462
| align="right" | 20 717
| align="right" | 7.44
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 10 853
| align="right" | 10 702
| align="right" | 21 555
| align="right" | 7.74
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 9 795
| align="right" | 9 949
| align="right" | 19 744
| align="right" | 7.09
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 8 939
| align="right" | 8 780
| align="right" | 17 719
| align="right" | 6.36
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 7 010
| align="right" | 6 945
| align="right" | 13 955
| align="right" | 5.01
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 5 722
| align="right" | 5 508
| align="right" | 11 230
| align="right" | 4.03
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 4 516
| align="right" | 4 361
| align="right" | 8 877
| align="right" | 3.19
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 3 339
| align="right" | 3 311
| align="right" | 6 650
| align="right" | 2.39
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 2 157
| align="right" | 2 485
| align="right" | 4 642
| align="right" | 1.67
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 1 198
| align="right" | 1 595
| align="right" | 2 793
| align="right" | 1.00
|-
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 607
| align="right" | 931
| align="right" | 1 538
| align="right" | 0.55
|-
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 119
| align="right" | 317
| align="right" | 436
| align="right" | 0.16
|-
| align="right" | 95+
| align="right" | 30
| align="right" | 97
| align="right" | 127
| align="right" | 0.05
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 32 412
| align="right" | 30 975
| align="right" | 63 387
| align="right" | 22.76
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 95 622
| align="right" | 94 423
| align="right" | 190 045
| align="right" | 68.24
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 11 966
| align="right" | 13 097
| align="right" | 25 063
| align="right" | 9.00
|-
|}
Vital statistics
Births and deaths
{| class="wikitable sortable sort-under sticky-header-multi" style="text-align:right;"
|-
! width="70"|Year
! width="70"|Population
! width="70"|Live births
! width="70"|Deaths
! width="70"|Natural increase
! width="70"|Crude birth rate
! width="70"|Crude death rate
! width="70"|Rate of natural increase
! width="70"|TFR
|-
| align="right" | 1981
| align="right" | 140,050
| align="right" | 3,668
| align="right" | 914
| align="right" | 2,754
| align="right" | 27.7
| align="right" | 6.4
| align="right" | 21.3
| align="right" | 3.64
|-
| align="right" | 1982
| align="right" | 145,700
| align="right" | 3,830
| align="right" | 914
| align="right" | 2,916
| align="right" | 26.3
| align="right" | 6.3
| align="right" | 20.0
| align="right" | 3.41
|-
| align="right" | 1983
| align="right" | 148,700
| align="right" | 3,832
| align="right" | 848
| align="right" | 2,984
| align="right" | 25.8
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 20.1
| align="right" | 3.33
|-
| align="right" | 1984
| align="right" | 151,650
| align="right" | 3,763
| align="right" | 905
| align="right" | 2,858
| align="right" | 24.8
| align="right" | 6.0
| align="right" | 18.8
| align="right" | 3.17
|-
| align="right" | 1985
| align="right" | 154,450
| align="right" | 3,619
| align="right" | 891
| align="right" | 2,728
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 5.8
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 3.00
|-
| align="right" | 1986
| align="right" | 157,350
| align="right" | 3,921
| align="right" | 904
| align="right" | 3,017
| align="right" | 24.9
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 19.2
| align="right" | 3.17
|-
| align="right" | 1987
| align="right" | 160,500
| align="right" | 4,122
| align="right" | 913
| align="right" | 3,209
| align="right" | 25.7
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 20.0
| align="right" | 3.25
|-
| align="right" | 1988
| align="right" | 163,650
| align="right" | 4,035
| align="right" | 962
| align="right" | 3,073
| align="right" | 24.7
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 18.8
| align="right" | 3.10
|-
| align="right" | 1989
| align="right" | 166,898
| align="right" | 3,944
| align="right" | 990
| align="right" | 2,954
| align="right" | 23.6
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 2.97
|-
| align="right" | 1990
| align="right" | 170,899
| align="right" | 4,378
| align="right" | 928
| align="right" | 3,450
| align="right" | 25.6
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 20.2
| align="right" | 3.19
|-
| align="right" | 1991
| align="right" | 175,362
| align="right" | 4,501
| align="right" | 978
| align="right" | 3,523
| align="right" | 25.7
| align="right" | 5.6
| align="right" | 20.1
| align="right" | 3.15
|-
| align="right" | 1992
| align="right" | 179,799
| align="right" | 4,405
| align="right" | 931
| align="right" | 3,474
| align="right" | 24.5
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 19.3
| align="right" | 2.99
|-
| align="right" | 1993
| align="right" | 184,496
| align="right" | 4,337
| align="right" | 954
| align="right" | 3,383
| align="right" | 23.5
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 18.3
| align="right" | 2.86
|-
| align="right" | 1994
| align="right" | 189,482
| align="right" | 4,267
| align="right" | 1,060
| align="right" | 3,207
| align="right" | 22.5
| align="right" | 5.6
| align="right" | 16.9
| align="right" | 2.70
|-
| align="right" | 1995
| align="right" | 193,816
| align="right" | 4,242
| align="right" | 1,020
| align="right" | 3,222
| align="right" | 21.9
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 16.6
| align="right" | 2.59
|-
| align="right" | 1996
| align="right" | 197,564
| align="right" | 4,401
| align="right" | 1,020
| align="right" | 3,381
| align="right" | 22.3
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 17.1
| align="right" | 2.65
|-
| align="right" | 1997
| align="right" | 201,418
| align="right" | 4,490
| align="right" | 1,016
| align="right" | 3,474
| align="right" | 22.3
| align="right" | 5.0
| align="right" | 17.2
| align="right" | 2.67
|-
| align="right" | 1998
| align="right" | 205,279
| align="right" | 4,352
| align="right" | 982
| align="right" | 3,370
| align="right" | 21.2
| align="right" | 4.8
| align="right" | 16.4
| align="right" | 2.55
|-
| align="right" | 1999
| align="right" | 209,214
| align="right" | 4,316
| align="right" | 1,095
| align="right" | 3,221
| align="right" | 20.6
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 15.4
| align="right" | 2.48
|-
| align="right" | 2000
| align="right" | 213,230
| align="right" | 4,566
| align="right" | 1,077
| align="right" | 3,489
| align="right" | 21.4
| align="right" | 5.1
| align="right" | 16.4
| align="right" | 2.59
|-
| align="right" | 2001
| align="right" | 217,324
| align="right" | 4,326
| align="right" | 1,131
| align="right" | 3,195
| align="right" | 19.9
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 14.7
| align="right" | 2.43
|-
| align="right" | 2002
| align="right" | 221,490
| align="right" | 4,194
| align="right" | 1,121
| align="right" | 3,073
| align="right" | 18.9
| align="right" | 5.1
| align="right" | 13.9
| align="right" | 2.33
|-
| align="right" | 2003
| align="right" | 225,296
| align="right" | 4,102
| align="right" | 1,121
| align="right" | 2,981
| align="right" | 18.2
| align="right" | 5.0
| align="right" | 13.2
| align="right" | 2.27
|-
| align="right" | 2004
| align="right" | 228,750
| align="right" | 3,978
| align="right" | 1,116
| align="right" | 2,862
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 4.9
| align="right" | 12.5
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2005
| align="right" | 232,250
| align="right" | 4,051
| align="right" | 1,142
| align="right" | 2,909
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 4.9
| align="right" | 12.5
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2006
| align="right" | 235,750
| align="right" | 4,224
| align="right" | 1,113
| align="right" | 3,111
| align="right" | 17.9
| align="right" | 4.7
| align="right" | 13.2
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2007
| align="right" | 239,250
| align="right" | 4,093
| align="right" | 1,207
| align="right" | 2,886
| align="right" | 17.1
| align="right" | 5.0
| align="right" | 12.1
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2008
| align="right" | 242,750
| align="right" | 4,015
| align="right" | 1,169
| align="right" | 2,846
| align="right" | 16.5
| align="right" | 4.8
| align="right" | 11.7
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2009
| align="right" | 245,950
| align="right" | 4,103
| align="right" | 1,261
| align="right" | 2,842
| align="right" | 16.7
| align="right" | 5.1
| align="right" | 11.6
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2010
| align="right" | 249,750
| align="right" | 4,178
| align="right" | 1,191
| align="right" | 2,987
| align="right" | 16.7
| align="right" | 4.8
| align="right" | 12.0
| align="right" | 2.20
|-
| align="right" | 2011
| align="right" | 254,350
| align="right" | 4,119
| align="right" | 1,320
| align="right" | 2,799
| align="right" | 16.2
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 11.0
| align="right" | 2.15
|-
| align="right" | 2012
| align="right" | 259,000
| align="right" | 4,389
| align="right" | 1,322
| align="right" | 3,067
| align="right" | 16.9
| align="right" | 5.1
| align="right" | 11.8
| align="right" | 2.28
|-
| align="right" | 2013
| align="right" | 263,650
| align="right" | 4,373
| align="right" | 1,374
| align="right" | 2,999
| align="right" | 16.6
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 11.4
| align="right" | 2.19
|-
| align="right" | 2014
| align="right" | 268,050
| align="right" | 4,370
| align="right" | 1,406
| align="right" | 2,964
| align="right" | 16.3
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 11.1
| align="right" | 2.17
|-
| align="right" | 2015
| align="right" | 269,460
| align="right" | 4,191
| align="right" | 1,465
| align="right" | 2,726
| align="right" | 15.6
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 2.08
|-
| align="right" | 2016
| align="right" | 270,220
| align="right" | 4,271
| align="right" | 1,569
| align="right" | 2,702
| align="right" | 15.8
| align="right" | 5.8
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 2.13
|-
| align="right" | 2017
| align="right" | 270,810
| align="right" | 4,067
| align="right" | 1,531
| align="right" | 2,536
| align="right" | 15.0
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 2.04
|-
| align="right" | 2018
| align="right" | 271,240
| align="right" | 4,076
| align="right" | 1,556
| align="right" | 2,520
| align="right" | 15.0
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 2.06
|-
| align="right" | 2019
| align="right" | 271,228
| align="right" | 4,110
| align="right" | 1,627
| align="right" | 2,483
| align="right" | 15.2
| align="right" | 6.0
| align="right" | 9.2
| align="right" | 2.10
|-
| align="right" | 2020
| align="right" | 271,080
| align="right" | 3,991
| align="right" | 1,540
| align="right" | 2,451
| align="right" | 14.6
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 8.9
| align="right" | 2.05
|-
| align="right" | 2021
| align="right" | 270,390
| align="right" | 3,931
| align="right" | 1,983
| align="right" | 1,948
| align="right" | 14.3
| align="right" | 7.3
| align="right" | 7.0
| align="right" | 2.05
|-
| align="right" | 2022
| align="right" | 269,215
| align="right" | 3,805
| align="right" | 1,902
| align="right" | 1,903
| align="right" | 14.1
| align="right" | 7.1
| align="right" | 7.0
| align="right" | 2.02
|-
| align="right" | 2023
| align="right" |
| align="right" | 3,688
| align="right" | 1,864
| align="right" | 1,824
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2024
| align="right" |
| align="right" | 3,552
| align="right" | 1,799
| align="right" | 1,753
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
|-
| align="right" | 2025
| align="right" |
| align="right" | 3,237
| align="right" | 1,833
| align="right" | 1,404
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
| align="right" |
|-
|}
ISEE - Démographie
Ethnic groups
Ethnic Melanesians known as Kanak constituted 41.2% of the population in 2019, followed by Europeans (Caldoche and Zoreille) with 24.1%. The Europeans are the largest ethnic group in the South Province, where they make up a plurality, while Kanak are the majority in the two other provinces. The remainder of the population are Wallis and Futunan (8.3%), Tahitian (2.0%), Indonesians (1.4%), Ni-Vanuatu (0.9%), Vietnamese, other Asian (0.4%), Mixed (11.3%), and belong to other ethnic groups (9.5%).
An estimated 15,000 Caledonians were of Algerian descent.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|+
Population of New Caledonia according to ethnic group 1963-2019
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! rowspan="2" | Ethnic<br />group
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1963
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1969
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1976
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1983
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1989
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 1996
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 2009
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 2014
! colspan="2" | census<br /> 2019
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
|-
| align="left" | Kanak
|41,190||47.6||46,200||45.9||55,598||41.7||61,870||42.6||73,598||44.8||86,788||44.1||99,078||40.3||104,958||39.1||111,856||41.2
|-
| align="left" |Europeans
|33,355||38.6||41,268||41.0||50,757||38.1||53,974||37.1||55,085||33.6||67,151||34.1||71,721||29.2||73,199||27.2||65,488||24.1
|-
| align="left" |Wallisians and Futunians
| rowspan="6"| 11,974||rowspan="6"| 13.8||rowspan="6"| 13,111||rowspan="6"| 13.0||9,571||7.2||12,174||8.4||14,186||8.6||17,763||9.0||21,262||8.7||21,926||8.2||22,520||8.3
|-
| align="left" |Tahitians
| 6,391||4.8||5,570||3.8||4,750||2.9||5,871||2.6||4,985||2.0||5,608||2.1||5,366||2.0
|-
|align="left" | Ni-Vanuatu
|1,050||0.8||1,212||0.8||1,683||1.0||2,244||1.1||2,327||0.9||2,568||1.0||2,313||0.9
|-
| align="left" |Indonesians
|5,111||3.8||5,319||3.7||5,191||3.2||5,003||2.5||3,767||1.6||3,859||1.4||3,786||1.4
|-
| align="left" |Vietnamese
|1,943||1.5||2,381||1.6||2,461||1.5||2,822||1.4||2,357||1.0||2,506||0.9||2,230||0.8
|-
|align="left" | Others
| 2,812||2.1||2,868||2.0||7,219||4.4||9,894||5.0||39,865||16.2||54,143||20.1||57,848||21.3
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! align="left" | Total
! colspan="2" | 86,519
! colspan="2" | 100,579
! colspan="2" | 133,233
! colspan="2" | 145,368
! colspan="2" | 164,173
! colspan="2" | 196,836
! colspan="2" | 245,580
! colspan="2" | 268,767
! colspan="2" | 271,407
|}
Languages
- French (official)
- 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Religion
See also
- New Caledonia
- Europeans in Oceania
- Demographics of France