Demographic history of Vojvodina reflects its rich history and its former location at the border of the Ottoman and Habsburg empires and at the confluence of various peoples, making it a hotbed of invasion, colonization, and assimilation processes.
Historical preview
The area of present-day Vojvodina had been inhabited since the Paleolithic period. Indo-European peoples moved into this area during three migration waves, which are dated in 4200 BC, 3300 BC, and 2800 BC, respectively. Before the Roman conquest in the 1st century BC, Indo-European peoples of Illyrian, Thracian, and Celtic origin inhabited the region.
During the Roman administration (which extended to Syrmia and Banat), the original inhabitants were heavily romanized, and would later be known as Vlachs. The region of Bačka, which did not belong to the Roman Empire, was populated by Iranian Sarmatians (Iazyges). After the end of Roman rule, the romanized inhabitants of the area escaped to the Balkan Mountains (where they mixed with South Slavs) as well as the Romanian Carpathians (later known as Romanians).
The terriotroy of present-day Vojvodina was invaded by the Turanic nomads such as the Huns and Avars, as well as by the Germanic Goths, Gepids, and Lombards, but after their military defeat, they were quickly absorbed by the local (Slavic) population, without leaving much ethnic traces in the region's population.
During the early medieval migrations, Slavs (Severans, Abodrites, Braničevci, Timočani, and Serbs) settled in the territory of present-day Vojvodina in the 6th and 7th centuries. Until the Hungarian conquest in the 10th century, the region had a dominant Slavic population.
<gallery>
Image:Indo Europeans Vojvodina map.png|Indo-Europeans in Vojvodina, antiquity
Image:Slavs Vojvodina01 map.png|Slavs in Vojvodina, 6th century
Image:Slav-7-8-obrez.png|Slavs in Vojvodina, 7th–8th century
Image:Slavs Vojvodina02 map.png|Slavs in Vojvodina, 9th century
</gallery>
The region was conquered by the Principality of Hungary in the 10th century, and Hungarians started to settle in the area. Hungarians mainly settled in the northern part of the region, where they lived mixed with Slavs. Until the late 12th and early 13th century, the region was mainly populated by Slavs, after which the proportions changed in favor of Hungarians. The larger number of Hungarians began settling in the region from the 13th century. The presence of Slavs in the area increased again in the 14th century with the arrival of Serbs from the south. During the Hungarian administration, much of the native local Slavs were Magyarization. Initially, the Hungarian language was spoken only by the knights and nobility of the Kingdom of Hungary, but it was later adopted also by the rest of the population.
Although Serbs were part of the aboriginal Slavic population in the territory of present-day Vojvodina, especially in Syrmia, an increasing number of Serbsbegan settling from the 14th century onwards. Because of the presence of the large Serb population, many historical records and maps from the 15th to the 18th century refer to the territory of present-day Vojvodina as Raška.
The Ottoman Empire took control of Vojvodina in the 16th century, and this caused a massive depopulation of the region. Most of the Hungarians and many local Slavs fled from the region and escaped to the north. The majority of those who left in the region were Serbs, mainly now engaging either in farming or in Ottoman military service.
Under Ottoman policy, many Serbs were newly settled in the region. During the Ottoman administration, Serbs comprised an absolute majority of region's population. Villages were populated exclusively by Serbs, while towns were populated by various ethnic and religious groups, including mainly Muslims, but also some Serbs, Cincars, Greeks, Jews, and Roma.
The Habsburg monarchy took control of Vojvodina by the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) and Treaty of Passarowitz (1718). Following the establishment of the Habsburg administration, the Muslim population fled from the region. Some of these Muslim refugees were resettled in Bosnia and Herzegovina. During the Habsburg administration, many new Serb settlers from the Ottoman Empire immigrated to the region. In 1687, the northern parts of the region were settled by ethnic Bunjevci.
Many other non-Serb settlers were also settled in the territory of present-day Vojvodina during the 18th and 19th century. These settlers were mainly Germans and Hungarians, but also included Rusyns, Slovaks, Romanians, and others. Because of this immigration, Serbs were no longer the absolute ethnic majority in the region, and Vojvodina became one of the most ethnically diverse regions of Europe. Nevertheless, Serbs remained the largest ethnic group in the region. According to the 1910 census, Serbs comprised 33.8% of the population in the territory of present-day Vojvodina. After Serbs, the most numerous ethnic groups were Hungarians (comprising 28.1%) and Germans (comprising 21.4%).
In 1918, Vojvodina became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and new Serb settlers came to the region. As a consequence of the World War II, most Vojvodina Germans (about 200,000) left Vojvodina together with the defeated German Army. Those who remained in the region were confined to prison camps until 1948, when the camps were dissolved and Yugoslav citizenship was returned to the Germans. Despite this, the remaining German population would leave Yugoslavia for economic reasons, moving to Germany, other European countries, or the United States. In their place, new South Slavic (Serb, Montenegrin, Macedonian, Croat, etc.) colonists would settle in the region. Serbs regained the absolute majority in Vojvodina with 51% of the population in 1948, rising to 68% nowadays.
<gallery>
Image:Backa ethnic map 1715.png|Ethnic map of Bačka, 1715
Image:Backa ethnic map 1720.png|Ethnic map of Bačka, 1720
Image:Banatul la 1743.jpg|Ethnic map of Banat, 1743
Image:Banatul la 1774.jpg|Ethnic map of Banat, 1774
</gallery>
Principality of Hungary/Kingdom of Hungary
9th century
When Hungarians arrived to Central Europe (in 896), this region was populated exclusively by Slavs.
15th century
In the 15th century, according to opinion of various researchers, South Slavic (Serbian and Croatian) population was dominant in Syrmia and southern Banat, while Hungarian population was dominant in Bačka and northern Banat. Some 194,000 inhabitants might have been living on the present-day territory of Vojvodina in 1495. That number was calculated is based on data of the tax inventory. Some 52 townships (civitas, oppidium) and 801 villages could be found in the area, in which Hungarians are likely to have constituted the majority of population. According to this view, the population of the area included 148,000 Hungarians (76.1% of population), 39,000 Serbs (20%), and 7,500 Croats (3,9%).
However, calculation of demographic data from this time period can be described as vague and of a rather varied nature, In this time, almost entire population of the region was composed of Serbs, also including some Šokci.
1715
According to the Austrian census in Bačka from 1715, Serbs, Bunjevci, and Šokci comprised 97.6% of population.
1718–1720
After the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, the first Habsburg census in Banat recorded about 20,000 inhabitants, mostly Serbs. The 1720 census in Bačka recorded 72% Serbs and 22% Bunjevci and Šokci.
1787
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 281,690
| align="right" | 59.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 58,866
| align="right" | 12.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 50,316
| align="right" | 10.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 38,161
| align="right" | 8.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 27,436
| align="right" | 5.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 9,704
| align="right" | 2.0%
|-
| style="background:#;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 3,836
| align="right" | 0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 476,018
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1828
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 442,923
| align="right" | 51.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 142,653
| align="right" | 16.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 130,918
| align="right" | 15.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 67,692
| align="right" | 7.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 46,645
| align="right" | 5.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 19,464
| align="right" | 2.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 6,068
| align="right" | 0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 864,281
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1840
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 448,341
| align="right" | 49.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 154,047
| align="right" | 16.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 145,930
| align="right" | 16.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 66,362
| align="right" | 7.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 55,984
| align="right" | 6.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 22,924
| align="right" | 2.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 7,373
| align="right" | 0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 912,754
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1857
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 417,838
| align="right" | 40.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 217,510
| align="right" | 21.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 202,188
| align="right" | 19.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 65,387
| align="right" | 6.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 60,690
| align="right" | 5.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 35,328
| align="right" | 3.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 8,452
| align="right" | 0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,030,545
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1880
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 416,116
| align="right" | 35.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 285,920
| align="right" | 24.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 265,287
| align="right" | 22.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 72,486
| align="right" | 6.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 69,668
| align="right" | 5.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 43,318
| align="right" | 3.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 9,299
| align="right" | 0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 10,635
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,172,729
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Jezicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1880-1884.gif|Language map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1880–1884
Image:Vojvodina_-_Verski_sastav_po_naseljima_1880-1884.gif|Religion map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1880–1884
</gallery>
1890
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 457,873
| align="right" | 34.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 324,430
| align="right" | 24.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 321,563
| align="right" | 24.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 80,404
| align="right" | 6.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 73,492
| align="right" | 5.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 49,834
| align="right" | 3.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 11,022
| align="right" | 0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 12,525
| align="right" | 1.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,331,143
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1900
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 483,176
| align="right" | 33.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 378,634
| align="right" | 26.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 336,430
| align="right" | 23.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 80,901
| align="right" | 5.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 74,718
| align="right" | 5.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 53,832
| align="right" | 3.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 12,663
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 12,394
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,432,748
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1910
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 510,186
| align="right" | 33.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 424,555
| align="right" | 28.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 323,779
| align="right" | 21.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 75,223
| align="right" | 5.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 56,689
| align="right" | 3.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 34,089
| align="right" | 2.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 13,479
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 72,804
| align="right" | 4.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,512,983
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<small>Note: linguistic data from this census might not correspond with ethnic structure in some settlements (Novi Sad, Subotica, Zrenjanin, etc.), due to the fact that Hungarian language was spoken by several ethnicities (Hungarians, Jews, Bunjevci, etc.).</small>
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Jezicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1910.gif|Language map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1910
Image:Vojvodina_-_Verski_sastav_po_naseljima_1910.gif|Religion map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1910
</gallery>
Yugoslavia/Serbia
1921
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 526,134
| align="right" | 34.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 370,040
| align="right" | 24.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 333,272
| align="right" | 22.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 122,684
| align="right" | 8.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 65,197
| align="right" | 4.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 58,273
| align="right" | 3.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 13,664
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 25,182
| align="right" | 1.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,528,238
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina languages1921.png|Language map of Vojvodina, 1921
</gallery>
1931
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 528,000
| align="right" | 33%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 413,000
| align="right" | 26%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 343,000
| align="right" | 21%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 120,000
| align="right" | 7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 78,000
| align="right" | 5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 67,000
| align="right" | 4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 21,000
| align="right" | 1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Jews
| align="right" | 21,000
| align="right" | 1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 37,000
| align="right" | 2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,624,158
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina-Language-1931.GIF|Language map of Vojvodina, 1931
</gallery>
1941
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 577,067
| align="right" | 35.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 465,920
| align="right" | 28.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 318,259
| align="right" | 19.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 105,810
| align="right" | 6.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 169,311
| align="right" | 10.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,636,367
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<small>Note: 1941 census data for Bačka was combined with 1931 census data for Banat and Syrmia.</small>
1948
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 841,246
| align="right" | 50.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 428,932
| align="right" | 25.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 134,232
| align="right" | 8.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 72,032
| align="right" | 4.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 59,263
| align="right" | 3.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Germans
| align="right" | 31,821
| align="right" | 1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 30,589
| align="right" | 1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns, Ukrainians
| align="right" | 22,083
| align="right" | 1.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 42,714
| align="right" | 2.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,663,212
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
1953
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 865,538
| align="right" | 50.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 435,179
| align="right" | 25.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 127,027
| align="right" | 7.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 71,153
| align="right" | 4.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 57,218
| align="right" | 3.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 30,516
| align="right" | 1.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 23,038
| align="right" | 1.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 89,876
| align="right" | 5.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,699,545
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_opstinama_1953_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina, 1953
</gallery>
1961
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 1,017,713
| align="right" | 54.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 442,560
| align="right" | 23.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 145,341
| align="right" | 7.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 73,830
| align="right" | 4.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 57,259
| align="right" | 3.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 34,782
| align="right" | 1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 23,038
| align="right" | 1.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 95,462
| align="right" | 5.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,854,965
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1961_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1961
</gallery>
1971
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 1,089,132
| align="right" | 55.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 423,866
| align="right" | 21.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 138,561
| align="right" | 7.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 72,795
| align="right" | 3.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 52,987
| align="right" | 2.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 36,416
| align="right" | 1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 20,109
| align="right" | 1.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 118,667
| align="right" | 6.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 1,952,533
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1971_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1971
</gallery>
1981
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 1,107,375
| align="right" | 54.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 385,356
| align="right" | 18.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 119,157
| align="right" | 5.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 69,549
| align="right" | 3.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 47,289
| align="right" | 2.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 43,304
| align="right" | 2.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 24,306
| align="right" | 1.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 238,436
| align="right" | 11.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 2,034,772
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1981_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1981
</gallery>
1991
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 1,151,353
| align="right" | 57.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" | 340,946
| align="right" | 16.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Yugoslavs
| align="right" | 168,859
| align="right" | 8.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" | 74,226
| align="right" | 3.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" | 63,941
| align="right" | 3.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" | 44,721
| align="right" | 2.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" | 38,832
| align="right" | 1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Roma
| align="right" | 24,895
| align="right" | 1.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Bunjevci
| align="right" | 21,552
| align="right" | 1.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" | 17,889
| align="right" | 0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" | 65,305
| align="right" | 3.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" | 2,012,517
| colspan=1 style="background:;" align="center" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1991_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1991
Image:Vojvodina_-_Verski_sastav_po_naseljima_1991_1.gif|Religious map of Vojvodina by settlements, 1991
</gallery>
2002
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" | 1,321,807
| align="right" | 65.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" |290,207
| align="right" |14.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" |56,637
| align="right" |2.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" |56,546
| align="right" |2.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Yugoslavs
| align="right" |49,881
| align="right" |2.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" |35,513
| align="right" |1.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" |30,419
| align="right" |1.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Roma
| align="right" |29,057
| align="right" |1.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Bunjevci
| align="right" |19,766
| align="right" |0.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" |15,626
| align="right" |0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" |37,589
| align="right" |1.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Regional identity
| align="right" |10,154
| align="right" |0.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Undeclared
| align="right" |55,016
| align="right" |2.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Unknown
| align="right" |23,774
| align="right" |1.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| style="background:;" | 2,031,992
| style="background:;" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_2002_1.gif|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by settlements, 2002
Image:Vojvodina religion2002 map.png|Religious map of Vojvodina by municipalities, 2002
Image:Vojvodina languages2002.png|Language map of Vojvodina by municipalities, 2002
</gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_2002.gif|Share of Serbs in Vojvodina by settlements, 2002
Image:Vojvodina_-_Udeo_Madjara_po_naseljima_2002.gif|Share of Hungarians in Vojvodina by settlements, 2002
Image:Vojvodina_-_Udeo_Slovaka_po_naseljima_2002.gif|Share of Slovaks in Vojvodina by settlements, 2002
</gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina_-_Udeo_Rumuna_po_naseljima_2002.gif|Share of Romanians in Vojvodina by settlements, 2002
Image:Vojvodina south slavs.png|Montenegrins, Bunjevci, and Croats in Vojvodina, 2002
Image:Vojvodina west east slavs.png|Slovaks, Rusyns, and Czechs in Vojvodina, 2002
</gallery>
2011
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" |1,289,635
| align="right" |66.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" |251,136
| align="right" |13.0%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" |50,321
| align="right" |2.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" |47,033
| align="right" |2.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Roma
| align="right" |42,391
| align="right" |2.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" |25,410
| align="right" |1.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" |22,141
| align="right" |1.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Bunjevci
| align="right" |16,469
| align="right" |0.8%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" |13,928
| align="right" |0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Yugoslavs
| align="right" |12,176
| align="right" |0.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" |48,969
| align="right" |2.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Regional identity
| align="right" |28,567
| align="right" |1.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Undeclared
| align="right" |81,018
| align="right" |4.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Unknown
| align="right" |14,791
| align="right" |0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| style="background:;" | 1,931,809
| style="background:;" |
|}
<gallery>
Image:Vojvodina-Ethnic-2011-op.GIF|Ethnic map of Vojvodina by municipalities, 2011
Image:Vojvodina-Religion-2011-op.gif|Religion map of Vojvodina by municipalities, 2011
Image:Vojvodina-Language-2011-op.gif|Language map of Vojvodina by municipalities, 2011
</gallery>
2022
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class="toccolours" style="align: left; margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; border-style: solid; border: 1px solid #7f7f7f; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"
|-
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Ethnicity
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Population
| style="background:#c1c1c1;" align="center" | Share
|-
| style="background:;" | Serbs
| align="right" |1,190,785
| align="right" |68.4%
|-
| style="background:;" | Hungarians
| align="right" |182,321
| align="right" |10.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Roma
| align="right" |40,938
| align="right" |2.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Slovaks
| align="right" |39,807
| align="right" |2.3%
|-
| style="background:;" | Croats
| align="right" |32,684
| align="right" |1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Romanians
| align="right" |19,595
| align="right" |1.1%
|-
| style="background:;" | Yugoslavs
| align="right" |12,438
| align="right" |0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Montenegrins
| align="right" |12,424
| align="right" |0.7%
|-
| style="background:;" | Rusyns
| align="right" |11,207
| align="right" |0.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Bunjevci
| align="right" |10,949
| align="right" |0.6%
|-
| style="background:;" | Others
| align="right" |33,325
| align="right" |1.9%
|-
| style="background:;" | Regional identity
| align="right" |9,985
| align="right" |1.5%
|-
| style="background:;" | Undeclared
| align="right" |70,339
| align="right" |4.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Unknown
| align="right" |73,433
| align="right" |4.2%
|-
| style="background:;" | Total
| style="background:;" | 1,740,230
| style="background:;" |
|}
See also
- Demographic history of Serbia
- Demographic history of Bačka
- Demographic history of Serbian Banat
- Demographic history of Syrmia
- Demographic history of Novi Sad
- Demographic history of Subotica
- Ethnic groups in Vojvodina
References
Sources
- Branislav Bukurov; Bačka, Banat i Srem; Novi Sad; 1978.
- Milan Tutorov; Banatska rapsodija – istorika Zrenjanina i Banata; Novi Sad; 2001.
- Borislav Jankulov; Pregled kolonizacije Vojvodine u XVIII i XIX veku; Novi Sad – Pančevo; 2003.
- Károly Kocsis (DSc, University of Miskolc) – Zsolt Bottlik (PhD, Budapest University) – Patrik Tátrai: Etnikai térfolyamatok a Kárpát-medence határon túli régióiban + CD (for detailed data), Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) – Földrajtudományi Kutatóintézet (Academy of Geographical Studies); Budapest; 2006.; (data for 1495–1857)
Further reading
External links
- The Ethnic Structure of the Population in Vojvodina
- Ethnic structure of the population of the present territory of Vojvodina (1880–1991)
- History of Vojvodina (maps)