Columbia Township may refer to the following places in the United States:
Arkansas
- Columbia Township, Randolph County, Arkansas
Indiana
- Columbia Township, Dubois County, Indiana
- Columbia Township, Fayette County, Indiana
- Columbia Township, Gibson County, Indiana
- Columbia Township, Jennings County, Indiana
- Columbia Township, Whitley County, Indiana
Iowa
- Columbia Township, Tama County, Iowa
- Columbia Township, Wapello County, Iowa
Kansas
- Columbia Township, Ellsworth County, Kansas
Michigan
- Columbia Township, Jackson County, Michigan
- Columbia Township, Tuscola County, Michigan
- Columbia Township, Van Buren County, Michigan
Minnesota
- Columbia Township, Minnesota
Missouri
- Columbia Township, Boone County, Missouri
Nebraska
- Columbia Township, Knox County, Nebraska
New Jersey
- Columbia Township, New Jersey (historical)
North Carolina
- Columbia Township, Pender County, North Carolina, in Pender County, North Carolina
- Columbia Township, Randolph County, North Carolina, in Randolph County, North Carolina
- Columbia Township, Tyrrell County, North Carolina, in Tyrrell County, North Carolina
North Dakota
- Columbia Township, Eddy County, North Dakota
Ohio
- Columbia Township, Hamilton County, Ohio
- Columbia Township, Lorain County, Ohio
- Columbia Township, Meigs County, Ohio
Pennsylvania
- Columbia Township, Pennsylvania
South Dakota
- Columbia Township, Brown County, South Dakota