Cloquet ( , ) is a city in Carlton County, Minnesota, United States, at the junction of Interstate 35 and Minnesota State Highway 33. Part of the city lies within the Fond du Lac Indian Reservation and serves as one of the reservation's three administrative centers. The population was 12,568 at the 2020 census.
History
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Cloquet began as a group of small settlements around three sawmills: Shaw Town, Nelson Town, and Johnson Town. These became known as Knife Falls, after a local waterfall over sharp slate rocks, and later as Cloquet. The Ojibwe in the area called the area , meaning 'At the Knife Portage', as the portage to avoid Knife Falls connected the three communities. The area was platted in 1883 and the village of Cloquet was incorporated from the three settlements in 1884. It became a city with a mayor and city council in 1904. The word Cloquet first appeared on an 1843 map of the area by Joseph N. Nicollet, which named the Cloquet River, a tributary of the Saint Louis River, and the Cloquet Rapids to the north. Cloquet is a French surname, but historians have found no source for it. Some speculate that the river was named for the 19th-century French scientists Hippolyte and Jules Cloquet, and the settlement named for the river.
The area was the site of the 1918 Cloquet fire, which destroyed much of the town and killed 453 people.
Before and after World War II Cloquet was home of the nation's strongest consumers' cooperatives. The Cloquet Cooperative Society (founded in 1910) operated two cooperative stores, which handled food, hardware, shoes, dry goods, and furniture. Other cooperative services included a building supply store, a coal yard, a mortuary, an auto repair shop and a gas service station.
In 1939, the co-op did 35% of the business in the town, and 18% in Carlton County. By the mid-1950s, the consumer society had a membership of 4,262 out of a population of 8,500. This was a national record, given that the total business of all American co-ops combined represented only 0.5% of the economy. The Finnish cooperative groups of the area also had an influence on the American cooperative movement in general.
In the 1970s, the city's area was increased to over ten times what it had been in 1970. Despite this, its population declined from 1970 to 1980, even as the number of separate residences increased.
Architecture
Cloquet is home to the R.W. Lindholm Service Station, the only filling station designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and a structure now on the National Register of Historic Places.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of , of which is land and is water.
Cloquet is along the Saint Louis River, 20 miles southwest of Duluth.
Climate
Cloquet has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Climate Classification Dfb) typical of its location in northern Minnesota, with warm summers and long, cold winters.