The Chamber of Deputies () is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Structure
The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state (or of the Federal District) as of 1994. However, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight federal deputies and the most populous elects seventy. These restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population.
Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held every four years, with all seats up for election.
Federal representation
A census held every 10 years by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics is used as the basis for the distribution of the seats. Proportionality is followed as a principle, with the exception that there should be a minimum of eight (8) members and a maximum of seventy (70) members per state. Per the 2010 census, states with 3,258,117 inhabitants upwards have 9 to 70 deputies.
As a result, although most states hover around an average of 362,013 inhabitants by deputy (per the 2010 census), some states with smaller populations have a much lower average, such as Roraima (1 for 51,000 inhabitants).
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="50%"
!State
!Deputies currently allotted
!%
!Population
!%
!Population per deputy
!Deputies in proportional allotment
!Difference
|-
|São Paulo
|align="right"|70
|align="right"| 13.6%
|align="center"|39,924,091
|align="right"| 21.5%
|align="center"|570,344
|align="center"|110
|align="center"|–40
|-
|Minas Gerais
|align="right"|53
|align="right"| 10.3%
|align="center"|19,159,260
|align="right"| 10.3%
|align="center"|361,495
|align="center"|53
|align="center"|0
|-
|Rio de Janeiro
|align="right"|46
|align="right"| 9%
|align="center"|15,180,636
|align="right"| 8.2%
|align="center"|330,014
|align="center"|42
|align="center"| +4
|-
|Bahia
|align="right"|39
|align="right"| 7.6%
|align="center"|13,633,969
|align="right"| 7.3%
|align="center"|349,589
|align="center"|38
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Rio Grande do Sul
|align="right"|31
|align="right"| 6%
|align="center"|10,576,758
|align="right"| 5.7%
|align="center"|341,186
|align="center"|29
|align="center"| +2
|-
|Paraná
|align="right"|30
|align="right"| 5.8%
|align="center"|10,226,737
|align="right"| 5.5%
|align="center"|340,891
|align="center"|28
|align="center"| +2
|-
|Pernambuco
|align="right"|25
|align="right"| 4.9%
|align="center"|8,541,250
|align="right"| 4.6%
|align="center"|341,650
|align="center"|24
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Ceará
|align="right"|22
|align="right"| 4.3%
|align="center"|8,450,527
|align="right"| 4.4%
|align="center"|371,822
|align="center"|23
|align="center"|–1
|-
|Maranhão
|align="right"|18
|align="right"| 3.5%
|align="center"|6,424,340
|align="right"| 3.5%
|align="center"|356,908
|align="center"|18
|align="center"|0
|-
|Goiás
|align="right"|17
|align="right"| 3.3%
|align="center"|5,849,105
|align="right"| 3.1%
|align="center"|344,065
|align="center"|16
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Pará
|align="right"|17
|align="right"| 3.3%
|align="center"|7,443,904
|align="right"| 4.0%
|align="center"|437,877
|align="center"|21
|align="center"|–4
|-
|Santa Catarina
|align="right"|16
|align="right"| 3.1%
|align="center"|6,178,603
|align="right"| 3.3%
|align="center"|386,163
|align="center"|17
|align="center"|–1
|-
|Paraíba
|align="right"|12
|align="right"| 2.3%
|align="center"|3,753,633
|align="right"| 2.0%
|align="center"|312,803
|align="center"|10
|align="center"| +2
|-
|Espírito Santo
|align="right"|10
|align="right"| 1.9%
|align="center"|3,392,775
|align="right"| 1.8%
|align="center"|339,278
|align="center"|9
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Piauí
|align="right"|10
|align="right"| 1.9%
|align="center"|3,086,448
|align="right"| 1.7%
|align="center"|308,645
|align="center"|9
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Alagoas
|align="right"|9
|align="right"| 1.7%
|align="center"|3,093,994
|align="right"| 1.7%
|align="center"|343,777
|align="center"|9
|align="center"|0
|-
|Acre
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|707,125
|align="right"| 0.4%
|align="center"|88,391
|align="center"|2
|align="center"| +6
|-
|Amazonas
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|3,350,773
|align="right"| 1.8%
|align="center"|418,847
|align="center"|9
|align="center"|–1
|-
|Amapá
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|648,553
|align="right"| 0.3%
|align="center"|81,069
|align="center"|2
|align="center"| +6
|-
|Distrito Federal
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|2,469,489
|align="right"| 1.3%
|align="center"|308,686
|align="center"|7
|align="center"| +1
|-
|
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|2,404,256
|align="right"| 1.3%
|align="center"|300,532
|align="center"|7
|align="center"| +1
|-
|Mato Grosso
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|2,954,625
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|369,328
|align="center"|8
|align="center"|0
|-
|Rio Grande do Norte
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|3,121,451
|align="right"| 1.7%
|align="center"|390,181
|align="center"|9
|align="center"|–1
|-
|Rondônia
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|1,535,625
|align="right"| 0.8%
|align="center"|191,953
|align="center"|4
|align="center"| +4
|-
|Roraima
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|425,398
|align="right"| 0.2%
|align="center"|53,175
|align="center"|1
|align="center"| +7
|-
|Sergipe
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|2,036,227
|align="right"| 1.1%
|align="center"|254,528
|align="center"|6
|align="center"| +2
|-
|Tocantins
|align="right"|8
|align="right"| 1.6%
|align="center"|1,373,551
|align="right"| 0.7%
|align="center"|171,694
|align="center"|4
|align="center"| +4
|-
!align="center"|Total
!align="right"|513
!align="right"|100%
!align="center"|185,712,713
!align="right"|100%
!align="center"|362,013
!align="center"|514
!align="center"|–2
|}
Present composition
{| class="wikitable"
|+ <span style="font-size:110%;">Parties and Federations in the 57th Chamber of Deputies</span>
|-
! Party
! Floor leader
! colspan=2 |Seats
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Liberal Party
| Sóstenes Cavalcante
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 97
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Brazil of Hope Federation
| Pedro Uczai
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 82
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Social Democratic Party
| Antonio Brito
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 50
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Progressistas
| Dr. Luizinho
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 47
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Brazil Union
| Pedro Lucas Fernandes
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 44
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Republicanos
| Augusto Coutinho
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 42
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Brazilian Democratic Movement
| Isnaldo Bulhões
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 38
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> PSDB-Cidadania Federation
| Adolfo Viana
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 22
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Podemos
| Rodrigo Gambale
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 21
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> PSOL REDE Federation
| Tarcísio Motta
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 16
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Brazilian Socialist Party
| Jonas Donizette
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 15
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Democratic Labour Party
| Mário Heringer
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 15
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Avante
| Bruno Farias
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 8
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Solidariedade
| Áureo Ribeiro
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 6
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> New Party
| Marcel van Hattem
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 5
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Democratic Renewal Party
| Fred Costa
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 4
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
| <span style="background:"></span> Mission Party
| Kim Kataguiri
| style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 1
| style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|-
! colspan=2| Total
! style="text-align:right;border-right: none;" | 513
! style="text-align:center;border-left: none;" |
|}
Partisan blocs composition
Partisan bloc leadership is organized into the following roles:
- Government Leader: elected by members of the party of the Cabinet in the Chamber to speak on behalf of the Cabinet
- Majority Leader: elected by the leaders of the majority bloc in the Chamber, usually in support of the Cabinet
- Opposition Leader: elected by the members of the largest party in opposition to the Cabinet
- Minority Leader: elected by the leaders of the minority bloc, usually in opposition to the Cabinet
{| class="wikitable"
! Bloc
! Leader
|-
|Government
|José Guimarães (PT-CE)
|-
|Majority
|Arlindo Chinaglia (PT-SP)
|-
|Opposition
|Gilberto Silva (PL-PB)
|-
|Minority
|Gustavo Gayer (PL-GO)
|}
Bodies
The House of Deputies is composed of the Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil by College Leaders and the Commissions, which can be permanent, temporary, or special inquiry.
Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil
The current composition of the Board of the Chamber of Deputies is the following:
President: Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB)<br/>
1st vice president: Altineu Côrtes (PL-RJ) <br/>
2nd vice president: Elmar Nascimento (UNIÃO-BA) <br/>
1st secretary: Carlos Veras (PT-PE) <br/>
2nd secretary: Lula da Fonte (PP-PE) <br/>
3rd secretary: Delegada Katarina (PSD-SE) <br/>
4th secretary: Sérgio Souza (MDB-PR) <br/>
1st substitute: Antonio Carlos Rodrigues (PL-SP) <br/>
2nd substitute: Paulo Folletto (PSB-ES) <br/>
3rd substitute: Victor Linhalis (PODE-ES) <br/>
4th substitute: Paulo Alexandre Barbosa (PSDB-SP)
Standing commissions
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! Commission
! Chair
|-
! Administration and Public Service
| Delegada Ione (PL-MG)
|-
! Agriculture, Livestock, Supply and Rural Development
| Luiz Nishimori (PSD-PR)
|-
! Amazon and Originary and Traditional People
| Juliana Cardoso (PT-SP)
|-
! Communication
| Maria Rosas (Republicanos-SP)
|-
! Consumer Defence
| Clodoaldo Magalhães (PV-PE)
|-
! Constitution, Justice and Citizenship
| Leur Lomanto Júnior (UNIÃO-BA)
|-
! Culture
| Carol Dartora (PT-PR)
|-
! Defense of Women Rights
| Erika Hilton (PSOL-SP)
|-
! Defense of Elderly Rights
| Weliton Prado (Solidariedade-MG)
|-
! Defense of People with Disabilities Rights
| Rodrigo Rollemberg (PSB-DF)
|-
! Economic Development
| Jadyel Alencar (Republicanos-PI)
|-
! Education
| Benes Leocádio (UNIÃO-RN)
|-
! Environment and Sustainable Development
| Valdir Cobalchini (MDB-SC)
|-
! Ethics and Parliamentary Decorum
| Fabio Schiochet (UNIÃO-SC)
|-
! Finances and Taxation
| Merlong Solano (PT-PI)
|-
! Financial Oversight and Control
| Alexandre Lindenmeyer (PT-RS)
|-
! Foreign Affairs and National Defense
| Luiz Philippe of Orléans-Braganza (PL-SP)
|-
! Health
| Giovani Cherini (PL-RS)
|-
! Human Rights, Minorities and Racial Equality
| Alice Portugal (PCdoB-BA)
|-
! Industry, Trade and Services
| Beto Richa (PSDB-PR)
|-
! Labour
| Max Lemos (PDT-RJ)
|-
! Mines and Energy
| Joaquim Passarinho (PL-PA)
|-
! National Integration and Regional Development
| Moses Rodrigues (UNIÃO-CE)
|-
! Participative Legislation
| Frederico Escaleira (PRD-MG)
|-
! Public Security and Fight Against Organized Crime
| Luiz Meira (PL-PE)
|-
! Roads and Transports
| Claudio Cajado (PP-BA)
|-
! Science, Technology and Innovation
| Átila Lira (PP-PI)
|-
! Social Security, Social Assistance, Childhood, Adolescence and Family
| Bruno Ganem (PODE-SP)
|-
! Sports
| Saulo Pedroso (PSD-SP)
|-
! Tourism
| Daniela Reinehr (PL-SC)
|-
! Urban Development
| Keniston Braga (MDB-PA)
|}
See also
- Federal institutions of Brazil
- 57th Legislature of the National Congress
- National Congress of Brazil
- Federal Senate
- TV Câmara
Notes
References
External links
- Official website of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil
- Chamber of Deputies' e-Democracy
- Photo 360° of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil
- List of all the presidents of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies