Cattaraugus (an Iroquoian word roughly translated to "foul-smelling banks") may refer to:
;Places
- Cattaraugus, New York
- Cattaraugus County, New York
- Cattaraugus Creek, a tributary of Lake Erie in New York
- Cattaraugus Reservation, one of the two major reservations of the Seneca Nation of New York
- Cattaraugus Reservation, Cattaraugus County, New York
- Cattaraugus Reservation, Chautauqua County, New York
- Cattaraugus Reservation, Erie County, New York
- Canawaugus, New York, a former Seneca village in Livingston County, New York, using an alternate pronunciation and spelling
;Other
- Cattaraugus Cutlery Company
