Bufo () is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae. As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera, leaving only seventeen extant species from Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-known common toad (B. bufo). The poison of most if not all toads contains bufotoxin.
Species
Formerly, the genus Bufo encompassed many species and was divided into several subgenera. Frost et al. (2006) removed most of the species of former Bufo to other genera and restricted the name Bufo to members of the Bufo bufo group of earlier authors. Now, this genus has been reduced to 24 extant species:
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!style="width: 60%; "| Binomial name and author!!style="width: 40%; "|Common name
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| Bufo ailaoanus || Ejia toad, Ailao toad|Ailao toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo andrewsi () || Andrew's toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo aspinius ||Spineless stream toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo bankorensis () || Central Formosa toad, Bankor toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo bufo || Common toad, European toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo cryptotympanicus () || Earless toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo eichwaldi () || Eichwald's toad, Talysh toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo exiguus () ||
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo formosus () ||
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo gargarizans () || Chusan Island toad, Asiatic toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| †Bufo linquensis () ||
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo luchunnicus || Luchun stream toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo menglianus || Menglian stream toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo minshanicus () ||
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo pageoti () || Tonkin toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo japonicus () || Japanese common toad, Japanese warty toad, Japanese toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo sachalinensis () ||
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo spinosus () || Spiny toad, spiny common toad, giant toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo stejnegeri () || Korean water toad, Stejneger's toad, Korean toad, water toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo tibetanus () ||Tibetan toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo tuberculatus () || Qinghai Lake toad, round-warted toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo tuberospinius ||
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo torrenticola || Japanese stream toad, Honshū toad
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo verrucosissimus || Caucasian toad
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| Bufo yongdeensis ||
|-style="background:#FFFDFF;"
| Bufo yunlingensis ||
|}
Footnotes
References
- amphibiaweb.org - Bufo
- Blair (ed.), 1972, Evol. Genus Bufo.
- Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World
- (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution 58: 2517–2535.
- (2009): Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. Herpetologica 65: 115–128. PDF full-text