The Bordeaux–Paris professional cycle race was one of Europe's classic cycle races, and one of the longest in the professional calendar, covering approximately – more than twice most single-day races. It started in northern Bordeaux in southwest France at 2am and finished in the capital Paris 14 hours later. The professional event was held from 1891 until 1988. It was held as an amateur event in 2014.

History

thumb|260px|Bordeaux-Paris logo

The event was first run on 23 May 1891, and the Derby of the Road as it was sometimes called, was notable in that riders were paced – allowed to slipstream – behind tandem or conventional cycles. From 1931, pacing was by motorcycles or small pedal-assisted Dernys. Pacing was also briefly done by cars. In early events, pacing was provided from Bordeaux. In later events, it was introduced part-way towards Paris. From 1946 to 1985, more than half the distance was paced, Dernys being introduced at Poitiers or Châtellerault, roughly half-way.

The organisers of the inaugural event, Bordeaux Vélo Club and Véloce Sport envisaged that riders might take a few days, but the first edition was won in a continuous ride by George Pilkington Mills. Mills raced through the night to win the 600 km long event in just over a day. Post-war winners include Louison Bobet (1959), Tom Simpson (1963), and Jacques Anquetil (1965). The record for the most victories is held by Herman Van Springel, who won seven times between 1970 and 1981.

The first race

left|thumb|150px|[[George Pilkington Mills]]

George Mills won the inaugural Bordeaux–Paris race in 1891. He was invited by the organisers, the newspaper Véloce Sport because of his reputation in an age when long-distance racing was the fashion. A race from Bordeaux in the south-west to the capital in Paris would be the longest annual event in France.

The race started at 5am in the Place du Pont Bastide in Bordeaux. There were 38 riders. As well as the British – Pilkington Mills, Holbein, Edge and Bates – there were a Pole and a Swiss. Mills fell on bad roads after 10 km when he touched with the Frenchman, Jiel-Laval, but neither was hurt. The English group moved to the front when the field began to straggle after the first hour. They led by a mile at dawn after averaging 14 mph. The historian Victor M. Head wrote: "At 10.30 Angoulème was reached and the Englishmen stopped to gulp down bowls of hot soup. When they restarted, Mills began to make all the running, drawing steadily away from his companions until, arriving at Ruffec, Charente, he was half an hour in the lead."

The rapid departure surprised the organisers. A report said:

:Everything had been prepared to receive the riders properly [recevoir dignement]: full meals, baths, hot showers, nothing was forgotten, and there were good beds to welcome our heroes, because there was no doubt among the excellent people of Angoulème that it was impossible to ride 127 km on a bicycle without immediately needing several hours' rest. To the great stupefaction of the spectators, not one of the riders took advantage of what had been provided. The eventual winner, G.P. Mills, stopped for several moments at best. He had a plan: he let Holbein eat peacefully at the control because he knew that a real champion, Lewis Stroud, was waiting to show him the way out of town and that, with him as a precious, fast and durable pacer he could build up the lead he needed to win the race.

Mills reached Tours after 215 miles and more than 12 hours on the road. He rested for five minutes, ate raw meat "and a specially prepared stimulant", Only then would the NCU allow Mills and other British amateurs to take part.

When Mills won, the Bicycle Union realised he was the works manager at a bicycle factory and decided he should be asked "whether he paid the whole of his expenses in the above-mentioned race." Only when he could prove that he had did the Bicycle Union concede that he was not a professional.

Results – 1891

Source:

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"

|-

! scope=col style="background-color:#CCCCCC;" | Position

! scope=col style="background-color:#CCCCCC;" | Name

! scope=col style="background-color:#CCCCCC;" | Time of arrival

! scope=col style="background-color:#CCCCCC;" | Overall time

|-

| 1 || Mills || 07:36:25 || 26:36:25

|-

| 2 || Holbein || 08:52:15 || 27:52:15

|-

| 3 || Edge || 11:10:00 || 30:10:00

|-

| 4 || Bates || 11:10:08 || 30:10:08

|-

| 5 || Jiel-Laval || 13:06 || 32:06

|-

| 6 || Coulibeuf || 16:19:55 || 35:19:55

|-

| 7 || Guillet || 17:50 || 36:50

|-

| 8 || Renault || 21:53 || 40:53

|-

| 9 || Corre || 22:35 || 41:35

|-

| 10 || Gillot || 22:43 || 41:43

|-

| 11 || Gebleux || 23:10 || 42:10

|-

| 12 || Duanip || 23:15 || 42:15

|-

|}

Monsieur Bordeaux–Paris

thumb|150px|Bust Herman Vanspringel in Grobbendonk

In a timespan of 11 years, Belgian Herman Van Springel would win Bordeaux–Paris for a record of seven times.

Ten times Van Springel took part in the legendary long-distance race and as many times he stood on the podium: a unique feat. Van Springel was known for his exceptional stamina, although initially he did not have much interest in the tough race. "At the time, there was a rather persistent rumour in the peloton that anyone who rode Bordeaux-Paris was exhausted and therefore absolutely unable to play any significant role in the Tour de France. Some even claimed that such a one-off marathon race could mortgage the rest of your career." Van Springel later said.

In 1981, his last year as a professional cyclist, he won his seventh Bordeaux–Paris aged 37.

Last races

Bordeaux–Paris began to lose prestige in the 1980s. It required special training and clashed with riders' plans to compete in the Vuelta a España or Giro d'Italia stage races. Fields began to dwindle and the last motor-paced version was 1985; three non-paced versions were held from 1986 but 1988 proved the last as a professional race.

Winners

{| width=100%

| valign=top align=left width=50% |

  • 1891 - George Pilkington Mills
  • 1892 - Auguste Stéphane
  • 1893 - Louis Cottereau
  • 1894 - Lucien Lesna
  • 1895 - Charles Meyer
  • 1896 - Arthur Linton and <br>Gaston Rivière
  • 1897 - Gaston Rivière
  • 1898 - Gaston Rivière
  • 1899 - Constant Huret
  • 1900 - Josef Fischer
  • 1901 - Lucien Lesna
  • 1902 - Édouard Wattelier and <br>Maurice Garin (2 separate races)
  • 1903 - Hippolyte Aucouturier
  • 1904 - Fernand Augereau
  • 1905 - Hippolyte Aucouturier
  • 1906 - Marcel Cadolle
  • 1907 - Cyrille Van Hauwaert
  • 1908 - Louis Trousselier
  • 1909 - Cyrille Van Hauwaert
  • 1910 - Émile Georget
  • 1911 - François Faber
  • 1912 - Émile Georget
  • 1913 - Louis Mottiat
  • 1914 - Paul Deman
  • 1919 - Henri Pélissier
  • 1920 - Eugène Christophe
  • 1921 - Eugène Christophe
  • 1922 - Francis Pélissier
  • 1923 - Émile Masson Sr.
  • 1924 - Francis Pélissier
  • 1925 - Henri Suter
  • 1926 - Adelin Benoît
  • 1927 - Georges Ronsse
  • 1928 - Hector Martin
  • 1929 - Georges Ronsse
  • 1930 - Georges Ronsse
  • 1931 - Bernard Van Rysselberghe
  • 1932 - Romain Gijssels
  • 1933 - Fernand Mithouard
  • 1934 - Jean Noret
  • 1935 - Edgard De Caluwé
  • 1936 - Paul Chocque

| valign=top align=left width=50% |

  • 1937 - Joseph Somers
  • 1938 - Marcel Laurent
  • 1939 - Marcel Laurent
  • 1946 - Émile Masson Jr.
  • 1947 - Joseph Somers
  • 1948 - Ange Le Strat
  • 1949 - Jacques Moujica
  • 1950 - Wim van Est
  • 1951 - Bernard Gauthier
  • 1952 - Wim van Est
  • 1953 - Ferdi Kübler
  • 1954 - Bernard Gauthier
  • 1956 - Bernard Gauthier
  • 1957 - Bernard Gauthier
  • 1958 - Jean-Marie Cieleska
  • 1959 - Louison Bobet
  • 1960 - Marcel Janssens
  • 1961 - Wim van Est
  • 1962 - Jo de Roo
  • 1963 - Tom Simpson
  • 1964 - Michel Nédélec
  • 1965 - Jacques Anquetil
  • 1966 - Jan Janssen
  • 1967 - Georges Van Coningsloo
  • 1968 - Émile Bodart
  • 1969 - Walter Godefroot
  • 1970 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1973 - Enzo Mattioda
  • 1974 - Herman Van Springel and <br>Régis Delépine
  • 1975 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1976 - Walter Godefroot
  • 1977 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1978 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1979 - André Chalmel
  • 1980 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1981 - Herman Van Springel
  • 1982 - Marcel Tinazzi
  • 1983 - Gilbert Duclos-Lassalle
  • 1984 - Hubert Linard
  • 1985 - René Martens
  • 1986 - Gilbert Glaus
  • 1987 - Bernard Vallet
  • 1988 - Jean-François Rault
  • 2014 - Marc Lagrange

|}

References

Other sources

  • Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal Index
  • Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal 24 May 1891 - Velocipedie - La Course de Bordeaux - Paris. Intermediate reports - Libourne, Barberieux, Poitier, Tours
  • Gallica, Online Archive, Le Petit Journal 25 May 1891 - Velocipedie - La Course de Bordeaux - Paris. Final report at Paris