Bogor

Bogor City (), or Bogor (, ), is a landlocked city in West Java, Indonesia. Located around south of the national capital of Jakarta, it is the 6th largest city in the Jakarta metropolitan area and the 14th overall nationwide.

The city covers an area of 111.39 km2, and it had a population of 950,334 at the 2010 Census and 1,043,070 at the 2020 Census. The official population estimate as at 2025 was 1,281,010.

Bogor is an important center of economy, science, cultural heritage and tourism in Indonesia because this city is a mountainous area that used to be a resting place for Dutch nobles during the Dutch colonial period because of its cool climate and the many classical European-style buildings in the city. During the Middle Ages, the city served as the capital of the Sunda Kingdom () and was called Pakuan Pajajaran or Dayeuh Pakuan. During the Dutch colonial era, it was named Buitenzorg ("without worries" in Dutch) and served as the summer residence of the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies.

With several hundred thousand people living in an area of about , the central part of Bogor is one of the world's most densely populated areas. The city has a presidential palace and a botanical garden () – one of the oldest and largest in the world. It bears the nickname "Rainy City" (Kota Hujan), because of frequent rain showers, even during the dry season.

In the 1990s–2000s, the city regularly hosted various international events, such as ministry-level meetings of the Asia-Pacific institutions

The first, and temporal, colonial settlement at Pakuan was a camp of lieutenant Tanoejiwa, a Sundanese employed by the VOC who was sent in 1687 to develop the area.

Demographics

The New American Cyclopaedia of 1867 reported Buitenzorg's population as being 320,756, including 9,530 Chinese, 650 Europeans, and 23 Arabs.

According to the national census held in May–August 2010, 949,066 people were registered in Bogor.

The majority of population (93%) are Muslims with about 6% Christians. However, there are many Christian churches in the city, as well as Buddhist (mostly in the Chinese community) and Hindu communities.

Since 2008, a Christian church congregation in Bogor has been embroiled in conflict with Islamic fundamentalists over the building permit for their new church.

Language

thumb|Languages and dialects distribution in the Greater Bogor area (city of Bogor is in the very center with a thick line).

The main language used in city of Bogor is Bogor Sundanese dialect and its use covers the entire area of city of Bogor. In the northern part, precisely in several sub-districts (kelurahan) within the Tanahsareal district, Sundanese and Betawi are used simultaneously and are considered a language shift area.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%;"

! Language

! Area of use

|Sundanese (Bogor)

|All sub-districts (kelurahan) in city of Bogor

|Sundanese (Priangan)

|East Bogor (Sindangrasa, Sindangsari) dan South Bogor (Bojongkerta, Harjasari, Kertamaya, Rancamaya)

|Betawi

|Tanahsareal (Cibadak, Kayumanis, Kencana, Mekarwangi, Sukadamai, Sukaresmi)

Administrative districts

Bogor City is surrounded by the Bogor Regency (kabupaten) but in itself is a separate municipality (kota), The table also includes the number of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan) in each district, and their post codes.

{| Class = "wikitable"

! Kode Wilayah

! English name

! Indonesian name

! Area in km2

! Pop'n at 2010 Census

! Pop'n at 2020 Census

! Pop'n at mid 2024 estimate

! Pop'n Density mid 2024 (per km2)

! Annual Growth rate 2020 – 2024

! No. of Villages

! Postal codes

| 32.71.01

| South Bogor

| Kecamatan Bogor Selatan

|align="right"| 31.16

|align="right"| 181,392

|align="right"| 204,030

|align="right"| 212,423

|align="right"| 6,964

|align="right"| 1.08%

|align="right"| 16

|16131–16139

| 36.71.02

| East Bogor

| Kecamatan Bogor Timur

|align="right"| 10.75

|align="right"| 95,098

|align="right"| 104,327

|align="right"| 107,573

|align="right"| 10,280

|align="right"| 0.82%

|align="right"| 6

|16141–16146

| 32.71.03

| Central Bogor

| Kecamatan Bogor Tengah

|align="right"| 8.11

|align="right"| 101,398

|align="right"| 96,258

|align="right"| 95,758

|align="right"| 11,445

|align="right"| -0.14%

|align="right"| 11

|16121–16129

| 32.71.04

| West Bogor

| Kecamatan Bogor Barat

|align="right"| 23.08

|align="right"| 211,084

|align="right"| 233,637

|align="right"| 241,738

|align="right"| 10,368

|align="right"| 0.91%

|align="right"| 16

|16111–16119

| 32.71.05

| North Bogor

| Kecamatan Bogor Utara

|align="right"| 18.88

|align="right"| 170,443

|align="right"| 186,724

|align="right"| 192,430

|align="right"| 10,610

|align="right"| 0.81%

|align="right"| 8

|16151–16158

| 32.71.06

| Tanah Sareal

| Kecamatan Tanah Sareal

|align="right"| 21.25

|align="right"| 190,919

|align="right"| 218,094

|align="right"| 228,429

|align="right"| 11,089

|align="right"| 1.24%

|align="right"| 11

|16161–16169

Administration

The city is headed by a mayor, who is elected by the citizens every five years, together with a vice-mayor; in the past, the mayor was appointed by the provincial administration.

The Coat of arms of Bogor is a rectangular heraldic shield with a pointed base and the side lengths ratio of 5:4, divided by a cross into four parts. The upper left quarter contains the National emblem of Indonesia – the mythical bird Garuda, in the upper right is the presidential palace, in the bottom left is the Salak volcano, and in the lower right is the national Sundanese dagger kujang. The inscription on top reads "KOTA BOGOR", which translates to "THE CITY OF BOGOR".

{| Class = "wikitable"

! Branch of economy

! Share in GRP (%) The garden's 87-hectare area within the city was supplemented in 1866 by a 120-hectare park in suburban town of Cibodas.

Bogor launched a bus service that can go around the city of Bogor called which starts their tour at Bogor Botanical Gardens. The bus route will start from Alun-alun Botani and end at the same place. This service was inaugurated by Bogor Mayor Bima Arya on 1 January 2017. This bus is called UNCAL, which means "Unforgettable City Tour in a Fun City".

Transport

thumb|Facade of [[Bogor railway station|Bogor Station]]

Bogor is a major transport center of Java. It contains 599.2 kilometers of roads (as of 2008) which cover 5.31% of the city area; 30.2 kilometers of the roads are of national and 26.8 km of prefectural importance.

Healthcare

The first hospitals were established in Bogor in the first half of the 19th century by the Dutch authorities. By the early 20th century, there were several civilian hospitals, a military hospital,

Salak () – general, owned by the Indonesian Army
Atang Sanjaya () – general, owned by the Indonesian Air Force, located in airbase area
Bogor Medical Centre – general practitioners, private
Islamic Hospital () – general
Azra () – general
Melania () – women and children
Hermina () – women and children
Marzuki Mahdi () – infectious diseases and psychiatric hospital
Mulia ()- general
Vania ()- general, founded on 1 November 2014
BMC ()- general
EMC Sentul City()- general
UMMI (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit UMMI) – general
Nuraida (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak Nuraida) – women and children
Bina Husada (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Bina Husada Cibinong) – general
Bogor Senior Hospital – general
Graha Merdika (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Graha Merdika Bogor) – general
Bunda Suryatni (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Bunda Suryatni) – women and children
Ibu dan Anak (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak) – women and children
Juliana (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Juliana) – general
RSKIA Sawojajar – women and children
Medika (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Umum Medika Dramaga) – general

Culture

220px|thumb|[[Seren Taun is a Sundanese tradition that expresses gratitude to God for an abundant rice harvest]]

Bogor is renowned for its rich Sundanese history (like Pakuan Pajajaran) and cultural heritage. A diverse range of arts, music, cuisine, and local traditions remain vibrant and vibrant there. The majority of Bogor's residents are ethnically Sundanese, so they use a distinctive Bogor Sundanese dialect in their daily lives. For example, authentic Bogor Sundanese does not use the undak-usuk (level of formality) system of speech levels found in other Priangan regions.

Bogor traditional arts include unique dances and music. Typical dances such as Parebut seeng, is a martial arts performed by Sundanese men to show their intention to propose to someone and Angklung Gubrag, a traditional bamboo musical instrument that's still preserved and often played in agricultural rituals, particularly rice harvest ceremonies to honor Dewi Sri.

Culinary

thumb|250px|[[Paifang to Suryakencana street]]

The typical cuisine of Bogor is soto mie bogor, a kind of soup made from noodles and vermicelli, cabbage, tomatoes, (cartilage and beef tendons) and tripe, spring roll risoles, served in broth, added with sweet soy sauce, sprinkled with fried onions and chili sauce, Asinan is a kind of preserved vegetable or fruit salad from the many types and variations of pickles in Indonesia, the most popular are pickled vegetables and pickled fruit. and many more types, for example Toge goreng and rujak.

There are two culinary centers in the city of Bogor, the first near the or better known as Alun-alun kota bogor which is a city park which is a gathering place for city residents to carry out social, cultural, and recreational activities. The Bogor City Square was inaugurated by the Bogor City Government on Friday, 17 December 2021 and the second is on Suryakencana Street, this street is a Chinatown area, visitors will find houses of native Chinese residents and buildings from ancient times because this area has indeed functioned as a commercial area since the Dutch colonial era.

Demographics

Language

Administrative districts

Administration

Transport

Healthcare

Culture

Culinary

Media

Notable people

See also

References

Further reading

External links