Boaco () is an administrative division and a department in Nicaragua. It was formed in 1935. It covers an area of and had an estimated population of 188,809 in 2023. It is located in the central region of the country, with its capital in the city of Boaco.
Etymology
The name Boaco originates from indigenous linguistic roots associated with the Aztecs. The term is derived from "Boa/Boaj" meaning "enchanters" and the suffix "O" meaning "place or town", meaning "Town or Place of Enchanters".
History
The original settlement, which was known as Boaco Viejo, was destroyed in the mid-18th century by the Zambos, Caribs, and Miskitos, who were supported by the British forces. The remaining survivors relocated to the banks of the Malacatoya River and later established a new settlement that eventually evolved into the modern city of Boaco between 1752 and 1772. The settlement was elevated to villa status in 1876 and was granted city status in 1895. Boaco Department was officially created on 18 July 1935. The department covers an area of .
The department forms part of the Nicaragua’s central highlands, and the terrain is irregular and predominantly mountainous. The average elevation ranges between with the highest point at Cerro de la Vieja at . There are several valleys amongst the mountains such as Santa Lucía and San José de los Remates. The city of Boaco is situated on a steep terrain at a significant elevation from the surrounding neighborhoods. It is divided into upper and lower urban zones (Boaco Alto and Boaco Bajo), which are connected by steep stairways and streets. A viewpoint, known as El Faro, was built in 1995, and provides panoramic views of the city.