Bhutan competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, which took place from 13 to 29 August 2004. It was the nation's sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1984. The delegation consisted of two athletes competing in one sport: Tshering Choden and Tashi Peljor in archery. Bhutan did not win any medals at Athens, nor in any previous Olympics. Choden served as the team's flagbearer in the opening ceremony, while Peljor held the flag at the closing ceremony.
Peljor defeated Jocelyn de Grandis and advanced to the Round of 32, where he lost to Anton Prylepau, 152–155. Choden won against Lin Sang and advanced to the Round of 32, where she tied Reena Kumari 134–134 before losing in a 4–7 tiebreaker.
Background
The Bhutan Olympic Committee was created in 1983. The participation of Bhutan at the Athens Summer Olympics marked their sixth consecutive summer appearance since the country's debut in the 1984 Summer Olympics. Bhutan had never won an Olympic medal. Archery is the country's national sport.
The 2004 Summer Olympics were held from 13 to 29 August 2004 in Athens, Greece. Bhutan sent a delegation of two athletes. Tshering Choden served as the team's flagbearer in the opening ceremony, while Tashi Peljor held the flag at the closing ceremony.
This was Choden's second appearance at the Olympics. She had first competed in the women's individual archery event at the 2000 Summer Olympics, placing 43rd. She coached the only Bhutanese archer at the 2012 Olympic Games, Sherab Zam.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! width="140" |Sport
! width="55" |Men
! width="55" |Women
! width="55" |Total
|-
| align="left" |Archery
|1
|1
|2
|-
!Total
!1
!1
!2
|}
Archery
On 12 August, Peljor participated in the ranking round of the men's individual. He scored 627 points and placed in the 52nd seed. On 16 August, he participated in the Round of 64 against Jocelyn de Grandis and won 161–136, Peljor then advanced to the Round of 32, where he lost to Anton Prylepau, 152–155 on 17 August.
This was Choden's second appearance at the Olympics. On 12 August, she participated in the ranking round of the women's individual. She scored 600 points and placed in the 54th seed. On 15 August, she participated in the Round of 64 against Lin Sang and won 159–156, advancing to the Round of 32. In that round she tied Reena Kumari, 134–134 on 17 August; in the tiebreaker she lost 4–7.
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Athlete
!rowspan="2"|Event
!colspan="2"|Ranking round
!Round of 64
!Round of 32
!Round of 16
!Quarterfinals
!Semifinals
!colspan="2"|Final /
|- style="font-size:95%"
!Score
!Seed
!Opposition<br />Score
!Opposition<br />Score
!Opposition<br />Score
!Opposition<br />Score
!Opposition<br />Score
!Opposition<br />Score
!Rank
|-align=center
|align=left|Tashi Peljor
|align=left|Men's individual
|627
|52
|<br>W 161–136
|<br>L 152–155
|colspan=5|did not advance
|-align=center
|align=left|Tshering Choden
|align=left|Women's individual
|600
|54
|<br>W 159–156
|<br />L 134 (4)–134 (7)
|colspan=5|did not advance
|}
As of 2020, these were the best Olympic results in archery that Bhutan had achieved.