Besnoitia besnoiti is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite, closely related to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum,'. It is part of a larger genus Besnoiti affecting multiple animal species, but Besnoita besnoiti, can affect livestock. and more specifically cattle as intermediate host,
The biological cycle of the parasite remains unknown, it is suggested however that a carnivore, or more specifically the red fox, might be the definitive host. or maybe sub-Saharan countries. The disease has spread rapidly in the beginning of the 21st century, expanding its range to multiple continents. In Europe, it did spread from the south to cases being detected in multiple more northern countries like Germany or Belgium.
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