Beihang University <!--Do not add the Chinese native name here as it has been specified in the Infobox.-->(BUAA; formerly as Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) is a public university in Haidian, Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.
The school was founded as Beijing Aeronautics College () in 1952 by the merger of the aerospace engineering departments from eight elite universities at that time, including Peiyang University, Tsinghua University, Xiamen University, Sichuan University, and Chongqing University. In April 1988, the school was renamed Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. BUAA is dubbed one of the Seven Sons of National Defence.
Beihang University has 1 national laboratory, 9 national key laboratories (including 4 defense technology key laboratories), 6 national engineering centers and 3 Beijing Advanced Innovation Centers. The university has more than 40 research achievements that are the first in China and has won three top national science and technology awards more than 70 times.
History
right|thumb|253x253px|Campus of Beihang University
As the first aerospace higher education institution in New China and the cradle of Red Aeronautical Engineers, Beihang University has been a key national higher education institution since its establishment. Beihang University is one of the first batch of national key universities (1959), among the first batch of 211 project universities (1997) and the first batch of world-class academic construction universities (Class A) (2017), which ranks seventh to has taken the tenth place. It is the key institution of higher education in the five-year plan. This university is a member of the 985 project university. Also selected for Project Everest, Project 211, Project 111, and Outstanding Engineering Education.
Genesis
The aviation departments of the eight universities that participated in the founding of the Beijing Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics were: Tsinghua University, Peiyang University, Northwestern Polytechnic College (today's Northwestern Polytechnic University), Xiamen University, and the Faculty of North China University. Engineering (today's Beijing Institute of Technology), the aviation departments of Southwest Industrial College (now Chongqing University), Sichuan University and Yunnan University.
The aviation departments of China's higher education institutions developed relatively late and are weak in strength. Although Feng Ru built the first Chinese airplane in 1909, five years after the Wright brothers, China's aviation industry failed to develop due to old thinking and turmoil. Until the September 18 incident and the January 28 Songo War of Resistance, which faced the painful lesson of national subjugation, the Chinese people gradually realized the importance of aviation technology, and the concept of "air rescue of the nation" was born. With this concept in mind, they traveled to Europe and America to learn aviation knowledge from the oceans, and after returning to China, by overcoming many problems and establishing aviation departments, they tried to cultivate Chinese aviation technology talents. The first major of aeronautical engineering in China was the Department of Aeronautical Engineering, which was established by Tsinghua University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering in 1934.
But due to the outbreak of the Japanese War and other reasons in the mid-1940s, there was only Tsinghua University, Peiyang University, and a few universities such as Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University, and Xiamen University established aerospace engineering departments. With the country's emphasis and need for the aviation industry after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and with the help of adjustment of colleges and universities across the country since 1951 under the leadership of the government of the People's Republic of China, colleges and aviation departments across the country began to transfer to several colleges.
In March 1951, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party made initial adjustments to the main aeronautical engineering departments and subjects of domestic universities: the aeronautical departments of Tsinghua University, Peiyang University, Northwestern Engineering Institute, and Xiamen University were merged to form a faculty. Aeronautical Engineering, Tsinghua University; Department of Aeronautical Engineering of Yunnan University This group was merged into the Department of Aeronautics of Sichuan University; The Aeronautics Department of the former Central Industrial College (then renamed Southwest Industrial College) and the Aeronautics Department of North China University merged to form the Aeronautics Department of Beijing Institute of Technology. On December 10 of the same year, Premier Zhou Enlai convened a meeting to discuss a plan to transition the aviation industry from maintenance to production. Vice Premier Li Fuchun suggested that "building an aviation university is urgent." Premier Zhou Enlai agreed and gave the order. "I will follow your suggestions."
In May 1952, in accordance with the directive of Premier Zhu Enlai to establish a specialized aviation university and the decision to establish an aviation faculty in the "Resolution on the Construction of Aviation Industry" issued by the Central Military Commission, the Central Ministry of Education formulated. A plan to adjust teaching groups in colleges and universities across the country, more adjustments were made in the aviation sector. On June 12, the Ministry of Heavy Industry and the Ministry of Education decided to officially prepare for the establishment of the Beijing Aviation Industry Institute with the approval of the State Finance and Economic Commission and the approval of the Central Military Commission.
On October 24, 1952, the Ministry of Education issued a certificate of approval for the establishment of the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Industry (officially known as the Beijing Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics or Beihang University for short). Around the same time, the aviation departments of the former Central University, Zhejiang University, and Jiaotong University were merged into the East China Institute of Aviation (located in Nanjing), which later moved to Xi'an and merged into the Northwest Polytechnic Institute. After the aviation department was transferred to Tsinghua University to form Northwestern Polytechnical University.
In May 1953, after the Beijing Institute of Aeronautics selected its campus in Boyanzhuang, Haidian District, a northwestern suburb of Beijing, construction officially began on June 1 on a plot of farmland and surrounding roadless graves . Workers worked around the clock and completed 60,000 square meters of construction within half a year. In October of the same year, all students and a number of professors and staff moved to the new school and began to study and work normally. The planned capital construction works were basically completed by 1957 with a completed area of 135,245 square meters, 64,160 square meters of road built, and an investment of over 35.6 million yuan. In June 1954, Wu Guang was appointed as the first president of Beihang University. and about 11,000 professional master's students.
Labs
In 2006, Beihang was granted permission to build the National Laboratory of Aviation Science and Technology, which was officially opened in 2014 at the Shahe Beihang Campus. At the same time, Beihang University also has "Aeronautical Engine Aerodynamics Thermal Laboratory", "Software Development Environment State Key Laboratory", "Virtual Reality Technology State Key Laboratory", "Aircraft Control Integration Technology Laboratory", and "Reliability and Environment". There are 9 national key laboratories including "National Computational Fluid Dynamics Laboratory" and "National Computational Fluid Dynamics Laboratory", 4 national engineering centers and 66 provincial and ministerial key laboratories.
University locations
Colleges and schools and higher schools
{| class="wikitable"
!Code
!Academic Name
!Found
|-
|1
|School of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE)
|1954
|-
|2
|School of Electronics and Information Engineering (SEIE)
|1958
|-
|3
|School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering (SASEE)
|1954
|-
|4
|School of Energy and Power Engineering (SEPE)
|1952
|-
|5
|School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering (ASE)
|1952
|-
|6
|School of Computer Science and Engineering (SCSE)
|1958
|-
|7
|School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation (ME)
|1952
|-
|8
|School of Economics and Management (SEM)
|1956
|-
|9
|School of Mathematics and Systems Science (SMSS)
|2009
|-
|10
|School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering (BME)
|2008
|-
|11
|School of Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS)
|1997
|-
|12
|School of Foreign Languages (SFL)
|1978
|-
|13
|School of Transportation Science and Engineering (TSE or TRANS)
|2007
|-
|14
|School of Reliability and Systems Engineering (RSE)
|1985
|-
|15
|School of Astronautics (SA)
|1988
|-
|16
|Flying College of Beihang University
|1993
|-
|17
|School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering (SISOE)
|2003
|-
|18
|School of Beijing
|2013
|-
|19
|School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering (SPNEE)
|2008
|-
|20
|The Law School of Beihang University
|2002
|-
|21
|School of Software
|2002
|-
|22
|School of Modern Distance Education
|2002
|-
|23
|Shen Yuan Honors College of Beihang University
|2002
|-
|24
|Beihang Sino-French Engineering School
|2004
|-
|25
|International School of Beihang University
|2004
|-
|26
|New Media Art and Design Institute
|2006
|-
|27
|School of Chemistry(SC)
|2008
|-
|28
|School of Marxism
|2008
|-
|29
|Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science
|2010
|-
|30
|School of Space and Earth Sciences (SSES)
|2016
|-
|35
|School of General Engineering (SGE)
|2017
|-
|37
|Beihang College
|2017
|-
|39
|School of Cyber Science and Technology
|2017
|-
|41
|School of Microelectronics
|2018
|-
|42
|Institute of Artificial Intelligence
|2018
|-
|
|School of BeiDou and the Silk Road
|2017
|-
|
|International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science
|2012
|-
|
|Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute for Medicine and Engineering
|2016
|}
Beijing Aerospace Museum
thumb|270x270px|Beijing Aerospace Museum
The Beijing Air and Space Museum is a museum in Haidian, Beijing, China. This museum is part of Beihang University, one of the most prestigious engineering schools in China. This museum was established in 1985 with its original name of Beijing Aviation Museum. This museum has an exhibition area of 8300 square meters. The building that houses the museum was designed by Hetzel Design. It is called Futura Beijing City Air and Space Museum, which has 18 interactive exhibits, 3 theaters, children's astronaut education center, etc. From the formation of a standard city network and the introduction of winding boulevards leading to a large central park.
left|thumb|Engines kept in the Beijing Aerospace Museum
In 1985, the Beijing Aviation Museum was founded as part of the university of Aeronautics and Astronautics; in 1986, it was officially opened to the public. The mission of the museum is "to support the teaching and popularize the scientific and technical knowledge of aviation."
In 2002, the name of the school was changed to the Beihang University. The university is considered to be one of China's best engineering schools and is highly influential to the country's aeronautical and space industries.
The problem that this company faced was connecting the parks to the building. They came up with the idea of a bridge and after many renderings decided that the bridge would actually be part of the building. The bridge is the focal point of the buildings. Design in such a way that it looks like the plane is taking off.
Hangzhou Innovation Institute
thumb|Entrance to Hangzhou Institute
Hangzhou Innovation Institute is one of the affiliated research institutes of Beihang University.
Shahe Campus
left|thumb|246x246px|Shahe campus main entrance (south gate)
Beihang University Shahe Campus is located in Shahe Higher Education Park, Changping District, Beijing, on the west side of Bei Shahe Middle Road, about 26 kilometers away from Xueyuan Road Campus. The mailing address is 9, South Third Street.
thumb|237x237px|Shahe campus from the profile of NL Blvd
Shah Campus with an area of 970,000 square meters with a planned construction area of 620,000 square meters mainly consists of five interconnected educational buildings, seven interconnected laboratory buildings, four student apartments and comprehensive buildings including banks, supermarkets etc., stadium, engineering training center, canteen as well as key laboratories, libraries and other partially utilized buildings. Part of it was used in September 2010 and part of it is still under construction. Shah Campus is further away from the city center, so it is more secluded and has a better environment. At present, the basic facilities of Shah Campus are complete, it is about 2 kilometers away from Shah Station and Shah Higher Education Park Station on the Beijing Metro Changping Line, the transportation is relatively convenient.
Xueyuan Road Campus
This campus is located in Beijing, in the northwest corner outside the Yuandado City Wall and on the west side of Jiu'an Road.
The whole campus is divided into three parts: the teaching area, the living area and the family area. The educational area is located in the northeast of the campus, east of the northern part of the middle road campus and has been established as a pedestrian area since 2003 and no vehicles pass through it, the family area is located in the west. The campus side occupies about a third of the campus and runs roughly along the west side of the school. The wall runs from south to north across the campus, with West Campus Road as the eastern boundary; The student living area is located in the north-central part of the campus, which is divided into two parts, the south and the north, which are separated by the green park (campus park) and has a total of 18 student apartments.; In the southwest corner off campus is Dayon Village Apartments, which has 1-10 and 7-17 floor buildings. Currently, there are four commercial office buildings around the campus belonging to Beihang University, namely Boyan Tower and Shining Tower in the northeast corner, and Zhizhen Tower and Vision Hotel in the southeast corner. The modern buildings of the Xueyuan Road Campus are rated as China's 20th Century Architectural Heritage.
Library
thumb|Beihang University Library
This university has one of the most equipped libraries in the field of aviation and astronautics in the world.
Hefei campus
Hefei Innovation Research Institute Beihang University Hefei Campus The campus is under construction by Beihang University and will also be Beihang's first campus outside of Beijing. The campus is located at Shaokan Lake (Laoguchong Reservoir) in Xinzhan Comprehensive Development Pilot Area, Yaohai District, Hefei City, North Anhui Province. The side with an area of about 2,500 hectares includes the Innovation Research Institute and the Undergraduate Faculty, which will be opened in 2018.
Qingdao Research Institute
The Qingdao Research Institute of Beihang University is the first research institute set up by Beihang University outside of Beijing. The institute is located in Laoshan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province. Its postal address is No. 393 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province. Postal code 266104.
The area of the institute's park is 63,990.6 square meters, the total construction area is 102,794.05 square meters, the sports field is 3,600 square meters, including 2 basketball courts, 1 5-person soccer field, 1 volleyball court and 1 equipment field. There are 6 buildings in the park, building 1 is an apartment for teachers and experts, building 2 is a student apartment, the sixth and seventh floors of building 3 are virtual reality research institutes, and the second floor is building 4. The functional department office is Qingdao Bei Hong Research Institute. location; Building 5 is a comprehensive building for education, student cultural exchange activities and practical innovation; The fourth floor of Building 6 is the Institute of Instrumentation and Optoelectronics, the fifth floor is the Institute of Microelectronics, the sixth floor is the Institute of New Materials, and the seventh floor is the academic workstation. The institute was established on May 28, 2016, with Beihang University's State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems as its main scientific research strength. It was opened in 2017 and welcomed the first batch of graduate students.
Beihang University Stadium
thumb|253x253px|Beihang University Stadium, host of Olympic weightlifting competitions
In 2008, Beijing hosted the 29th Summer Olympics, and Beihang Stadium served as the venue for the weightlifting events. is "hard work and plain living, diligence, all-round development and bold innovation".
"Hard work and plain living" represents the idea of doing arduous pioneering work with both feet on the ground, more working and less talking; "diligence" is to study assiduously, love science and seek truth; "all-round development" embodies the possession of both virtue and brilliance, excellent character and academic performance, and the unity of knowing and doing; "bold innovation" represents the qualities of perseverance, being bold in exploration and being a pioneer with the goal of highest excellence.
The motto of Beihang University is "Integrate Virtue with Brilliance and Combine Knowledge with Practice", which is widely recognized by Beihang faculty and students as their code of conduct.
"Integrate Virtue with Brilliance" means excellence in both moral character and learning. The university highlights the fundamental importance of good moral character, and the character building part precedes the capability development in its talent cultivation process. It remains committed to the original aspiration and essential mission to cultivate talents for the Party and the country, aiming to achieve all-round development of character, intelligence, physical health, aesthetic taste and labour skills in its students.
"Combine Knowledge with Practice" demands both the pursuit of truth in study and the courage to carry out ideas and blaze new trails. Beihangers should put theories into practice and always be devoted to learning, self-improvement and creation, applying what they learn to real-world problems and keeping abreast of the times. Beihangers pass on the spirit of serving the country in the field of aeronautics and astronautics and being pioneers in national development. They strive to meet the major national strategic needs and make first-class contributions to the realization of the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
Due to its outstanding contribution to the fight against poverty, the Bureau of Poverty Alleviation of Beihang University was awarded the "National Advanced Collection in the Fight against Poverty" at the National Poverty Alleviation Summary and Appreciation Conference on February 25, 2021.
School anniversary
thumb|The corner of the new central building of Beihang University
The anniversary of Beihang University is October 25 every year because Beihang University was founded on this day in 1952. Since Beihang University does not have a separate holiday on the school anniversary day, Beihang students often hold a "campus anniversary carnival" on the anniversary weekend. At that time, faculties and student associations
Notable alumni
Astronauts
thumb|[[Gui Haichao, an astronaut who graduated from this university at the Tiangong Space Station]]
- Gui Haichao, Chinese academic and astronaut
Engineers
- Qi Faren, chief engineer of the Shenzhou program
Politicians
- Zhu Fenglian, spokesperson of the Taiwan Affairs Office
- Yuan Jiajun 袁家军, member of the 20th Politburo, former chief of the Shenzhou program
- Li Peiyao 李沛瑶, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
- Zhang Guoguang, former governor of Liaoning and Hubei
The military
- Yang Dongming, lieutenant general, former deputy commander of the PLA Air Force
Financier
- Jiang Bin, billionaire co-founder of GoerTek
Writer
- Xue Yiwei, Chinese writer resident in Montreal, Canada
Aircraft projects
- Beijing 1
- BUAA Mifeng-6
See also
- Beijing Air and Space Museum