The Battle of Călugăreni took place during the history of early modern Romania on between the Wallachian army led by Michael the Brave and the Ottoman army led by Koca Sinan Pasha. It was part of the Long Turkish War, fought between Christian and Ottoman forces at the end of the 16th – beginning of the 17th centuries.
The whole Ottoman force was estimated at 100,000 men, and about 12 large field cannons, with Transylvanian (Székely) detachments and Cossack mercenaries.