Barbacena is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. As of 2022 Census, the municipality had 125,317 inhabitants.

It is in the foothills of the Serra da Mantiqueira south of the state capital Belo Horizonte at an elevation of , making it one of the ten highest cities in Brazil. Located on the important BR-040 highway (also called Rodovia JK), which links Brasília to Rio de Janeiro, it is from the state capital and from Juiz de Fora.

Barbacena has a humid tropical climate with cool summers due to the elevation. Summer averages are and winter averages . The cool climate and abundant rainfall have made Barbacena a center for flower production – the city is the biggest producer of flowers in Minas Gerais, and is nicknamed "City of Roses". Cattle raising and the dairy industry are quite developed and the city is a big producer of milk products; there are also several small textile factories.

Barbacena is also the home of the Preparatory School of Air Cadets (the sixteenth best high school of the country, which belongs to the Brazilian Air Force) and of a Medical School, Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena (Faculty of Medicine of Barbacena). The city is also famous for the Hospital Colônia de Barbacena, a mental hospital founded in 1903, which was known for its abusive treatment of patients. According to sources, 70% of the patients did not have mental illness,

Barbacena was a station on the Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas, a narrow gauge railway.

Geography

According to the modern (2017) geographic classification by Brazil's National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the municipality belongs to the Immediate Geographic Region of Barbacena, in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Barbacena.

History

Barbacena was founded on 14 August 1791.

In the 19th century, Barbacena was a principal distribution center for the mining districts of Minas Gerais, but this distinction was lost when the railways were extended beyond that point.

Sister cities

Barbacena has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:

  • Burlington, Iowa, USA

Literature

  • Quincas Borba, by Machado de Assis.

Climate

References