Aylmer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

  • Edward Aylmer, Welsh MP
  • Edward Aylmer (cricketer), first-class cricketer and Royal Navy officer
  • Felix Aylmer, English stage actor
  • Sir Fenton Aylmer, 13th Baronet, British Army general and Victoria Cross recipient
  • Frederick Whitworth Aylmer, 6th Baron Aylmer Royal Navy officer who penetrated the Gironde estuary in 1815
  • George Aylmer, Irish officer of the Royal Navy who was killed at the Battle of Bantry Bay in 1689
  • Jennifer Aylmer, American operatic soprano
  • John Aylmer (bishop) (1521–1594), English bishop
  • John Aylmer (classicist), Greek and Latin poet
  • Matthew Aylmer, 1st Baron Aylmer
  • Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer

As a forename, it may refer to:

  • Aylmer Buesst, Australian conductor
  • Aylmer Firebrace (1886–1972), British Royal Navy officer and fire chief
  • Aylmer and Louise Maude, English translators
  • Aylmer Vallance, Scottish newspaper editor

As a middle name, it may refer to:

  • Udolphus Aylmer Coates, British town planner

See also

  • Aylmer baronets
  • Baron Aylmer
  • Aylmer, a character in Brain Damage
  • A character in the short story "The Birth-Mark"
  • Elmer (disambiguation)
  • Ronald Aylmer Fisher, British Statistician
  • Lake Aylmer, Quebec, Canada
  • Aylmer Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada