thumb|Base of statue dedicated to Theodosius by Sextus Aurelius Victor (CIL 6.1186)
Sextus Aurelius Victor ( 320 – 390) was a historian and politician of the Roman Empire. Victor was the author of a now-lost monumental history of imperial Rome covering the period from Augustus to Constantius II. Under the emperor Julian (361-363), Victor served as governor of Pannonia Secunda in 361; in 389 he became praefectus urbi (urban prefect), senior imperial official in Rome.
His surviving work, entitled De Caesaribus is a brief epitome of his history, and was originally titled in the two surviving manuscripts . The work was published in 361.
Aurelius was born to a poor family in North Africa to an uneducated father. He was educated, first at Carthage and then at Rome. He apparently composed his history between 358 and 360. Recently, however, this source has been suggested to be in fact the lost history of Aurelius Victor, of which his surviving works are only epitomes.