Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family (Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae.

Species

Arachis comprises the following sections and species:

Section Arachis

<!-- Arachis argentinensis was reclassified as Arachis duranensis. -->

  • Arachis batizocoi <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis benensis <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis cardenasii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

<!-- Arachis chacoense was reclassified as Arachis diogoi. -->

  • Arachis correntina <small>(Burkart) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis cruziana <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis decora <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis diogoi <small>Hoehne</small>
  • Arachis duranensis <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis glandulifera <small>Stalker</small>
  • Arachis gregoryi <small>C. E. Simpson et al.</small>
  • Arachis helodes <small>Mart. ex Krapov. & Rigoni</small>
  • Arachis herzogii <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis hoehnei <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis hypogaea <small>L.</small>—peanut
  • subsp. fastigiata <small>Waldron</small>
  • var. aequatoriana <small>Krapov. & W. C. Greg</small>
  • var. fastigiata <small>(Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg</small>
  • var. peruviana <small>Krapov. & W. C. Greg</small>
  • var. vulgaris <small>Harz</small>
  • subsp. hypogaea <small>L.</small>
  • var. hirsuta <small>J. Kohler</small>
  • var. hypogaea <small>L.</small>
  • Arachis ipaensis <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

<!-- Arachis ipaënsis is an alternative spelling of Arachis ipaensis. -->

  • Arachis kempff-mercadoi <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis krapovickasii <small>C. E. Simpson et al.</small>
  • Arachis kuhlmannii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis linearifolia <small>Valls et al.</small>
  • Arachis magna <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis microsperma <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis monticola <small>Krapov. & Rigoni</small>

<!-- Arachis nambyquarae was reclassified as Arachis hypogaea. -->

  • Arachis palustris <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis praecox <small>Krapov. et al.</small>

<!-- Arachis rasteiro was reclassified as Arachis hypogaea. -->

  • Arachis schininii <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis simpsonii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

<!-- Arachis spegazzinii was reclassified as Arachis duranensis. -->

  • Arachis stenosperma <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis trinitensis <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis valida <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis villosa <small>Benth.</small>
  • Arachis williamsii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

Section Caulorrhizae

  • Arachis pintoi <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis repens <small>Handro</small>

Section Erectoides

  • Arachis archeri <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis benthamii <small>Handro</small>
  • Arachis brevipetiolata <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis cryptopotamica <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis douradiana <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis gracilis <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis hatschbachii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis hermannii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis major <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis martii <small>Handro</small>
  • Arachis oteroi <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis paraguariensis <small>Chodat & Hassl.</small>
  • subsp. capibarensis <small>Krapov. & W. C. Greg</small>
  • subsp. paraguariensis <small>Chodat & Hassl.</small>
  • Arachis porphyrocalyx <small>Valls & C. E. Simpson</small>
  • Arachis stenophylla <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

Section Extranervosae

  • Arachis burchellii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis lutescens <small>Krapov. & Rigoni</small>
  • Arachis macedoi <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis marginata <small>Gardner</small>
  • Arachis pietrarellii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis prostrata <small>Benth.</small>—grassnut
  • Arachis retusa <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis setinervosa <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis submarginata <small>Valls et al.</small>
  • Arachis villosulicarpa <small>Hoehne</small>

Section Heteranthae

  • Arachis dardani <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

<!-- Arachis dardanoi is a misspelling of Arachis Arachis dardani. -->

  • Arachis giacomettii <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis interrupta <small>Valls & C. E. Simpson</small>
  • Arachis pusilla <small>Benth.</small>
  • Arachis seridoensis <small>Valls et al.</small>

<!-- Arachis seridoënsis is an alternative spelling of Arachis seridoensis. -->

  • Arachis sylvestris <small>(A. Chev.) A. Chev.</small>

Section Procumbentes

  • Arachis appressipila <small>Krapov. & W. C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis chiquitana <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis kretschmeri <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis hassleri <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis lignosa <small>(Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis matiensis <small>Krapov. et al.</small>
  • Arachis pflugeae <small>C. E. Simpson et al.</small>
  • Arachis rigonii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis subcoriacea <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>
  • Arachis vallsii <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

Section Rhizomatosae

  • Arachis nitida <small>Valls et al.</small>

Series Prorhizomatosae

  • Arachis burkartii <small>Handro</small>

Series Rhizomatosae

<!-- Arachis angustifolia was reclassified as Arachis glabrata. -->

  • Arachis glabrata <small>Benth.</small>
  • var. glabrata <small>Benth.</small>
  • var. hagenbeckii <small>(Harms) F. J. Herm.</small>

<!-- Arachis hagenbeckii was reclassified as Arachis glabrata. -->

  • Arachis pseudovillosa <small>(Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

right|thumb|200px|Arachis glabrata

Section Trierectoides

  • Arachis guaranitica <small>Chodat & Hassl.</small>
  • Arachis tuberosa <small>Benth.</small>

Section Triseminatae

  • Arachis triseminata <small>Krapov. & W.C. Greg.</small>

<!-- Reclassified species -->

<!-- Arachis africana was reclassified as Vigna subterranea. -->

<!-- Arachis aprica was reclassified as Stylosanthes biflora. -->

<!-- Arachis fruticosa was reclassified as Stylosanthes fruticosa. -->

Hybrids

  • Arachis × batizogaea <small>Krapov. & A. Fernández</small>

References

  • Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter: Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis